辛可宁,(1S)-喹啉-4-基(5-乙烯基奎宁-2-基)甲醇,是一种喹啉型生物碱,属于金鸡纳生物碱的一种,又称金鸡宁、弱金鸡纳碱,是辛可尼定的立体异构体。它主要存在于金鸡纳树皮中,除奎宁外含量较多。辛可宁在测定钨矿时不可或缺,还可用于手性药物和手性中间体的制备、分离及分析。
抗肿瘤应用研究表明,辛可宁对肿瘤细胞生长有抑制作用,并能促进肿瘤细胞凋亡。实验结果显示,它能够抑制肿瘤细胞生长,促进其早期凋亡,同时增强促凋亡因子的表达并抑制抗凋亡因子的表达。这表明,辛可宁有望在未来应用于抗肿瘤治疗中。
制备方法 原料A的制备将金鸡纳树皮(30~60目粉末)与甲苯混合,于80~90℃加热回流浸泡4次后合并浓缩。再用10%稀硫酸溶解滤液,使pH值维持在3~4之间。随后加入10%氢氧化钠溶液调至pH 6.5~7.0,静置冷却后奎宁硫酸盐析出,过滤得到固体物。
向滤液中继续加20%氢氧化钠调pH值至10,放置以析出其余金鸡纳生物碱的总固体物。滤出固体物并在60~70℃常压下干燥,即得原料A。
奎尼丁的制备取3.5克原料A于100mL圆底烧瓶中,加入60mL乙酸乙酯室温搅拌30分钟溶解。静置6小时后过滤得到滤液B和不溶性物质C。
浓缩滤液B至原体积的十分之一,在室温下放置结晶完全。用95%乙醇溶解滤出的白色固体,再加入0.15克活性炭脱色重结晶,最终获得1.2克白色无定形或结晶性粉末。该样品在乙醇中易溶、三氯甲烷和乙醚中微溶,比旋光度+255°(0.5mol/L的乙醇溶液),熔点为172~174℃,含量99.6%。
辛可宁的制备用体积分数95%的乙醇溶解不溶物质C,并加入0.15克活性炭。在75℃搅拌下脱色25分钟后过滤得到纯净的辛可宁。此方法制得的辛可宁具有抗疟原虫和解热作用。
用途 抗疟药作为辛可尼定的立体异构体,辛可宁主要用于治疗各种疟疾,并可用于铋及钨试剂生产。
生产方法中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
---|---|---|---|---|
辛可尼丁 | Cinchonidin | 485-71-2 | C19H22N2O | 294.396 |
—— | methanesulfonic acid (quinolin-4-yl)(5-vinyl-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-2-yl)methyl ester | 560119-43-9 | C20H24N2O3S | 372.488 |
—— | benzoylcinchonine | 14402-57-4 | C26H26N2O2 | 398.505 |
—— | cinchonintosylat | 189309-24-8 | C26H28N2O3S | 448.586 |
—— | Chinchonidinon | —— | C19H20N2O | 292.381 |
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
---|---|---|---|---|
9-表-辛可宁 | (+)-cinchonine | 485-70-1 | C19H22N2O | 294.396 |
9-表-辛可尼丁 | (1S,3R,4S,8S,9S)-9-hydroxy-cinchonane | 550-54-9 | C19H22N2O | 294.396 |
辛可尼丁 | Cinchonidin | 485-71-2 | C19H22N2O | 294.396 |
氢化辛可宁 | dihydrocinchonine | 485-65-4 | C19H24N2O | 296.412 |
—— | hydrocinchonine | 73522-74-4 | C19H24N2O | 296.412 |
—— | 10,11-dihydrocinchonidine | 73522-73-3 | C19H24N2O | 296.412 |
—— | (1S,4S,5R)-2-((S)-methoxy(quinolin-4-yl)methyl)-5-vinylquinuclidine | —— | C20H24N2O | 308.423 |
—— | dehydrocinchonine | 157319-37-4 | C19H20N2O | 292.381 |
—— | (2R,1'S)-2-[1-hydroxy-1-(quinolin-4-yl)]methyl-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octane | 53913-69-2 | C17H20N2O | 268.359 |
—— | 11-(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)cinchonine | —— | C26H25F3N2O | 438.493 |
—— | 10-bromodihydrocinchonine | 155107-87-2 | C19H23BrN2O | 375.308 |
—— | 11-(biphenyl-4-yl)cinchonine | —— | C31H30N2O | 446.592 |
—— | 11-(4-(ethylcarboxy)phenyl)cinchonine | —— | C28H30N2O3 | 442.558 |
—— | 11-(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)cinchonine | —— | C26H25F3N2O | 438.493 |
—— | O-hexadecyl-(+)-cinchonine | —— | C35H54N2O | 518.827 |
—— | 2'-n-butylcinchonine | 949028-34-6 | C23H30N2O | 350.504 |
—— | O-(trimethylsilyl)cinchonine | 841268-77-7 | C22H30N2OSi | 366.578 |
—— | acetylcinchonidine | 14461-05-3 | C21H24N2O2 | 336.434 |
—— | 9-Acetoxy-cinchonan | —— | C21H24N2O2 | 336.434 |
—— | methanesulfonic acid (quinolin-4-yl)(5-vinyl-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-2-yl)methyl ester | 560119-43-9 | C20H24N2O3S | 372.488 |
—— | 9S-aminomethylcinchonine | 1431257-80-5 | C20H25N3O | 323.438 |
—— | Cinchonan | 5949-01-9 | C19H22N2 | 278.397 |
—— | benzoylcinchonine | 14402-57-4 | C26H26N2O2 | 398.505 |
—— | 3-phenyl-propionic acid-((9S)-cinchonan-9-yl ester) | —— | C28H30N2O2 | 426.558 |
—— | (8R,9S)-9-phenyl-9-cinchonanol | 1393601-67-6 | C25H26N2O | 370.494 |
—— | (9S)-9-deoxy-cinchonin-9-yl tert-butylcarbamate | —— | C24H31N3O2 | 393.529 |
—— | (Z)-isocinchonine | 6874-76-6 | C19H22N2O | 294.396 |
—— | 9R-hydroxymethylcinchonine | 1431257-67-8 | C20H24N2O2 | 324.423 |
—— | 9S-hydroxymethylcinchonidine | 1431258-15-9 | C20H24N2O2 | 324.423 |
—— | (-)-O-cinnamoylcinchonine | —— | C28H28N2O2 | 424.543 |
—— | (S)-quinolin-4-yl-[(2R,4S,5R)-5-(2-triphenylsilylethyl)-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-yl]methanol | 903525-70-2 | C37H38N2OSi | 554.807 |
—— | (9S)-9-deoxy-cinchonin-9-yl phenylcarbamate | —— | C26H27N3O2 | 413.519 |
—— | phenyl-carbamic acid cinchonan-9-yl ester | —— | C26H27N3O2 | 413.519 |
—— | [(S)-[(2R,4S,5R)-5-ethenyl-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-yl]-quinolin-4-ylmethyl] 4-methoxybenzoate | —— | C27H28N2O3 | 428.531 |
—— | 9S-(N-acetylaminomethyl)cinchonine | 1431257-92-9 | C22H27N3O2 | 365.475 |
—— | O-[(S)-[(2R,4S,5R)-5-ethenyl-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-yl]-quinolin-4-ylmethyl] N-phenylcarbamothioate | 1254701-86-4 | C26H27N3OS | 429.586 |
—— | O-diphenylphosphanyl-cinchonine | —— | C31H31N2OP | 478.574 |
—— | [(S)-[(2R,4S,5R)-5-ethenyl-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-yl]-quinolin-4-ylmethyl] 2-naphthalen-1-ylacetate | 500553-59-3 | C31H30N2O2 | 462.591 |
—— | 9S-azidomethylcinchonine | 1431257-76-9 | C20H23N5O | 349.436 |
—— | 9R-azidomethylcinchonidine | 1431258-17-1 | C20H23N5O | 349.436 |
—— | 9S-(N-benzylaminomethyl)cinchonine | 1431257-94-1 | C27H31N3O | 413.563 |
—— | 4-[(S)-[(4S,5S)-4,5-diphenyl-1,3,2-dioxaphospholan-2-yl]oxy-[(2R,4S,5R)-5-ethenyl-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-yl]methyl]quinoline | 1105582-32-8 | C33H33N2O3P | 536.61 |
—— | O-[(S)-[(2R,4S,5R)-5-ethenyl-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-yl]-quinolin-4-ylmethyl] N-(4-methoxyphenyl)carbamothioate | 1254701-88-6 | C27H29N3O2S | 459.612 |
—— | 9S-epoxymethylcinchonidine | 1431258-03-5 | C20H22N2O | 306.407 |
—— | 9R-epoxymethylcinchonine | 1431257-65-6 | C20H22N2O | 306.407 |
—— | [(CN)PYDZ] | 1056029-19-6 | C23H23ClN4O | 406.915 |
—— | [(S)-[(2R,4S,5R)-5-ethenyl-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-yl]-quinolin-4-ylmethyl] 3-nitrobenzoate | 776290-58-5 | C26H25N3O4 | 443.502 |
—— | cinchonintosylat | 189309-24-8 | C26H28N2O3S | 448.586 |
—— | O-[(S)-[(2R,4S,5R)-5-ethenyl-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-yl]-quinolin-4-ylmethyl] N-(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)carbamothioate | 1254701-61-5 | C28H31N3O3S | 489.638 |
—— | 9-deoxy-9-methylidenecinchonine | 1431257-74-7 | C20H22N2 | 290.408 |
—— | 9R-phenylsulfanylmethylcinchonine | 1431257-69-0 | C26H28N2OS | 416.587 |
—— | 9R-epoxymethyl-10,11-dihydrocinchonine | 1431258-11-5 | C20H24N2O | 308.423 |
—— | 9S-(N-acetyl-N-benzylaminomethyl)cinchonine | 1431257-96-3 | C29H33N3O2 | 455.6 |
—— | 9-amino(9-deoxy)epicinchonine | —— | C19H23N3 | 293.412 |
9-氨基-(9-脱氧)表辛可宁三盐酸盐 | 9-amino-9-deoxyepicinchonine | 168960-96-1 | C19H23N3 | 293.412 |
—— | cinchoninone | —— | C19H20N2O | 292.381 |
—— | Chinchonidinon | —— | C19H20N2O | 292.381 |
—— | (3R,4S,8R,9S)-9-fluorocinchonane | 691381-99-4 | C19H21FN2 | 296.388 |
—— | cinchonine-9-yl 3,5-di-tert-butylbenzenesulfonate | —— | C33H42N2O3S | 546.774 |
—— | 9R-(2-aminophenyl)sulfanylmethylcinchonine | 1431257-72-5 | C26H29N3OS | 431.602 |
—— | O-tert-butyldimethylsilyl-9S-aminomethylcinchonine | 1431257-84-9 | C26H39N3OSi | 437.701 |
—— | N-3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl-N'-(8R,9S-9-hydroxycinchonan-9-yl-methyl)thiourea | 1431257-86-1 | C29H28F6N4OS | 594.624 |
—— | [(CN)PHAL] | 1056029-17-4 | C27H25ClN4O | 456.975 |
—— | 5S-5-(quinolin-4-yl)-5-((1S,2R,5R)-5-vinylquinuclidin-2-yl)oxazolidine-2-thione | 1431257-88-3 | C21H23N3OS | 365.499 |
—— | O-tert-butyldimethylsilyl-9S-azidomethylcinchonine | 1431257-82-7 | C26H37N5OSi | 463.698 |
—— | (1S,3R,4S,8R,9R)-9-phenylsulfanylcinchonan | —— | C25H26N2S | 386.561 |
—— | 9S-(4-phenyl-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl-methyl)cinchonine | 1431257-78-1 | C28H29N5O | 451.571 |
—— | N-((8R,9S)-9-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)cinchonan-9-ylmethyl)-N'-3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenylthiourea | 1431257-90-7 | C35H42F6N4OSSi | 708.887 |
—— | 1-(3,5-Bis-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-3-[(R)-quinolin-4-yl-((2R,4S,5R)-5-vinyl-1-aza-bicyclo[2.2.2]oct-2-yl)-methyl]-thiourea | —— | C28H26F6N4S | 564.598 |
—— | 1-(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-3-[(R)-(quinolin-4-yl)((2R,4S,5R)-5-vinylquinuclidin-2-yl)methyl]urea | —— | C28H26F6N4O | 548.531 |
1-(4-喹啉基)-3-[(3R,4R)-3-乙烯基-4-哌啶基]-1-丙酮 | cinchonicine | 69-24-9 | C19H22N2O | 294.396 |
—— | 1-quinolin-4-yl-3-(vinyl-piperidin-4-yl)-propan-1-one | 344871-97-2 | C19H22N2O | 294.396 |
—— | (diphenylphosphoryl)[(R)-[(2R,4S,5R)-5-ethenyl-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-yl](quinolin-4-yl)methyl]amine | —— | C31H32N3OP | 493.588 |
—— | (2R,3S,5S,6R)-3-fluoro-2-(quinolin-4'-yl)-6-vinyl-1-azabicyclo[3.2.2]nonane | 691381-89-2 | C19H21FN2 | 296.388 |
维喹地尔 | viquidil | 84-55-9 | C20H24N2O2 | 324.423 |