戊烯 | 109-67-1

• 物质功能分类: 有机原料 - 烃类化合物及其衍生物 - 无环烃
• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 碳氢化合物 - 不饱和烃
• 中文名称: 戊烯
• 中文别名: 戊烯(混合物)；正戊烯；1-戊烯
• 英文名称: 1-penten
• 英文别名: PENTEN；1-pentene；pentene；pent-1-ene；amylene
• CAS: 109-67-1；25377-72-4
• 化学式: C₅H₁₀
• 分子量: 70.1344
• InChiKey: YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N

物化性质

• 熔点：
  -165 °C
• 沸点：
  29.9-30.1 °C (lit.)
• 密度：
  0.641 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
• 蒸气密度：
  2.4 (vs air)
• 闪点：
  −20 °F
• 溶解度：
  酒精：混溶（lit.）
• 介电常数：
  2.1（20℃）
• LogP：
  2.4-2.66 at 25℃
• 物理描述：
  1-pentene is a colorless liquid with an odor of gasoline. Flash point -20°F (Aldrich). Insoluble in water and less dense than water. Hence floats on water. Flammable vapor is produced. Boiling point 86°F. (USCG, 1999)
• 颜色/状态：
  Liquid
• 气味：
  HIGHLY DISAGREEABLE
• 蒸汽密度：
  2.42 (AIR= 1)
• 蒸汽压力：
  635 mm Hg @ 25 °C
• 大气OH速率常数：
  3.19e-11 cm3/molecule*sec
• 自燃温度：
  527 °F (USCG, 1999)
• 分解：
  WHEN HEATED TO DECOMP, EMITS ACRID SMOKE AND IRRITATING FUMES.
• 粘度：
  0.202 cSt at 20 °C
• 聚合：
  Polymerizes on extended periods of storage.
• 气味阈值：
  0.19 ppm.
• 折光率：
  Index of refraction: 1.3715 @ 20 °C/D
• 保留指数：
  486.5;487;483.39;483.67;483;489;491;491;488.8;488;488;489;488.8;496;489;489;492;486;491;490;488;489;491;492;492;495;483;483;483;483.5;490.3;479.1;491;479;489;484;488;483.2;488;482;483;488;487;488;486;483;483;482;492;492;492;500

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  2.4
• 重原子数：
  5
• 可旋转键数：
  2
• 环数：
  0.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.6
• 拓扑面积：
  0
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  0

ADMET

代谢

不同1-烯烃与F344大鼠微粒体中细胞色素P450的结合被研究。

BINDING WAS INVESTIGATED OF DIFFERENT 1-ALKENES TO CYTOCHROME P450 IN MICROSOMES FROM F344 RATS.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

代谢

戊烯在双键处被氧化，并以醇或其共轭物形式排出。

Pentene is oxidized at the double bond and excreted as the alcohol or its conjugate.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

代谢

挥发性烃主要通过肺部吸收，也可能通过吞咽后经吸吸入进入人体。在代谢过程中，1-戊烯在双键处被氧化，并作为醇或其结合物排出体外。

Volatile hydrocarbons are absorbed mainly through the lungs, and may also enter the body after ingestion via aspiration. During metabolism. 1-pentene is oxidized at the double bond and excreted as the alcohol or its conjugate. (A600, T21)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 毒性总结

石油馏分是中枢神经系统抑制剂，会导致肺部损伤。在代谢过程中，1-戊烯在双键处被氧化，并以醇或其结合物的形式排出体外。（A600，T21）

Petroleum distillates are central nervous system depressants and cause pulmonary damage. During metabolism. 1-pentene is oxidized at the double bond and excreted as the alcohol or its conjugate. (A600, T21)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 致癌物分类

1-戊烯存在于汽油中，可能对人类有致癌性（2B组）。

1-Pentene is found in gasoline, which is possibly carcinogenic to humans (Group 2B). (L135)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 健康影响

石油馏分是有害的吸入物质，可能导致肺部损伤、中枢神经系统抑制以及心脏效果，如心律不齐。它们还可能影响血液、免疫系统、肝脏和肾脏。（A600，L1297）

Petroleum distillates are aspiration hazards and may cause pulmonary damage, central nervous system depression, and cardiac effects such as cardiac arrhythmias. They may also affect the blood, immune system, liver, and kidney. (A600, L1297)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 暴露途径

口服（L400）；吸入（L400）；皮肤给药（L400）

Oral (L400) ; inhalation (L400) ; dermal (L400)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 症状

石油馏分中毒可能导致恶心、呕吐、咳嗽、肺部刺激逐步发展为肺水肿、血痰和支气管肺炎。在高剂量下，还可能发生中枢神经系统抑制，症状包括虚弱、头晕、呼吸缓慢且浅、昏迷和抽搐。石油馏分对皮肤也有刺激性。

Petroleum distillate poisoning may cause nausea, vomiting, cough, pulmonary irritation progressing to pulmonary edema, bloody sputum, and bronchial pneumonia. At high amounts, central nervous system depression may also occur, with symptoms such as weakness, dizziness, slow and shallow respiration, unconsciousness, and convulsions. Petroleum distillates are also irritating to the skin. (A594)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

安全信息

• TSCA：
  Yes
• 危险等级：
  3
• 危险品标志：
  Xn,F+
• 安全说明：
  S16
• 危险类别码：
  R65,R12
• WGK Germany：
  3
• 海关编码：
  2901299090
• 危险品运输编号：
  UN 1108

SDS

Name:	Pentene (Techn) Material Safety Data Sheet
Synonym:	Amylene
CAS:	25377-72-4

Section 1 - Chemical Product MSDS Name:Pentene (Techn) Material Safety Data Sheet
Synonym:Amylene

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Section 2 - COMPOSITION, INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS

CAS#	Chemical Name	content	EINECS#
25377-72-4	Pentene	100	246-916-6

Hazard Symbols: F
Risk Phrases: 11

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Section 3 - HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION
EMERGENCY OVERVIEW
Highly flammable.The toxicological properties of this material have not been fully investigated.Highly flammable.
Potential Health Effects
Eye:
May cause eye irritation. May cause chemical conjunctivitis and corneal damage.
Skin:
May cause skin irritation. May be harmful if absorbed through the skin.
Ingestion:
May cause gastrointestinal irritation with nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. The toxicological properties of this substance have not been fully investigated. Ingestion of large amounts may cause CNS depression.
Inhalation:
May cause respiratory tract irritation. The toxicological properties of this substance have not been fully investigated. May cause kidney damage. Aspiration may lead to pulmonary edema. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation.
Chronic:
No information found.

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Section 4 - FIRST AID MEASURES
Eyes: In case of contact, immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Get medical aid.
Skin:
In case of contact, flush skin with plenty of water. Remove contaminated clothing and shoes. Get medical aid if irritation develops and persists. Wash clothing before reuse.
Ingestion:
If swallowed, do not induce vomiting unless directed to do so by medical personnel. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical aid.
Inhalation:
If inhaled, remove to fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical aid.
Notes to Physician:
Treat symptomatically and supportively.

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Section 5 - FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES
General Information:
As in any fire, wear a self-contained breathing apparatus in pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear. Vapors may form an explosive mixture with air.
Vapors can travel to a source of ignition and flash back. During a fire, irritating and highly toxic gases may be generated by thermal decomposition or combustion. Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool. Extremely flammable liquid and vapor. Containers may explode in the heat of a fire. Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flame.
Extinguishing Media:
For small fires, use dry chemical, carbon dioxide, water spray or alcohol-resistant foam. For large fires, use water spray, fog, or alcohol-resistant foam. Use water spray to cool fire-exposed containers. Water may be ineffective. Do NOT use straight streams of water.

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Section 6 - ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES
General Information: Use proper personal protective equipment as indicated in Section 8.
Spills/Leaks:
Absorb spill with inert material (e.g. vermiculite, sand or earth), then place in suitable container. Avoid runoff into storm sewers and ditches which lead to waterways. Clean up spills immediately, observing precautions in the Protective Equipment section. Remove all sources of ignition. Use a spark-proof tool. A vapor suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors.

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Section 7 - HANDLING and STORAGE
Handling:
Wash thoroughly after handling. Remove contaminated clothing and wash before reuse. Ground and bond containers when transferring material. Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing. Empty containers retain product residue, (liquid and/or vapor), and can be dangerous. Keep away from heat, sparks and flame. Avoid ingestion and inhalation. Do not pressurize, cut, weld, braze, solder, drill, grind, or expose empty containers to heat, sparks or open flames.
Storage:
Keep away from heat, sparks, and flame. Keep away from sources of ignition. Store in a cool, dry place. Keep container closed when not in use. Flammables-area. Refrigerator/flammables.

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Section 8 - EXPOSURE CONTROLS, PERSONAL PROTECTION
Engineering Controls:
Facilities storing or utilizing this material should be equipped with an eyewash facility and a safety shower. Use process enclosure, local exhaust ventilation, or other engineering controls to control airborne levels.
Exposure Limits CAS# 25377-72-4: Personal Protective Equipment Eyes: Wear chemical splash goggles.
Skin:
Wear appropriate protective gloves to prevent skin exposure.
Clothing:
Wear appropriate protective clothing to minimize contact with skin.
Respirators:
A respiratory protection program that meets OSHA's 29 CFR 1910.134 and ANSI Z88.2 requirements or European Standard EN 149 must be followed whenever workplace conditions warrant respirator use.

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Section 9 - PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

Physical State: Liquid
Color: colorless
Odor: Not available.
pH: Not available.
Vapor Pressure: 60.8 mm Hg @ 25 deg C
Viscosity: Not available.
Boiling Point: 37 deg C
Freezing/Melting Point: 0 deg C
Autoignition Temperature: Not available.
Flash Point: -44 deg C ( -47.20 deg F)
Explosion Limits, lower: Not available.
Explosion Limits, upper: Not available.
Decomposition Temperature:
Solubility in water: Negligible.
Specific Gravity/Density: .6500g/cm3
Molecular Formula: C5H10
Molecular Weight: 70.13

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Section 10 - STABILITY AND REACTIVITY
Chemical Stability:
Stable under normal temperatures and pressures.
Conditions to Avoid:
Incompatible materials, ignition sources, excess heat, strong oxidants.
Incompatibilities with Other Materials:
Strong oxidizing agents.
Hazardous Decomposition Products:
Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide.
Hazardous Polymerization: Has not been reported

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Section 11 - TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
RTECS#:
CAS# 25377-72-4 unlisted.
LD50/LC50:
Not available.
Carcinogenicity:
Pentene - Not listed by ACGIH, IARC, or NTP.

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Section 12 - ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION

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Section 13 - DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS
Dispose of in a manner consistent with federal, state, and local regulations.

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Section 14 - TRANSPORT INFORMATION

IATA
Shipping Name: 1-PENTENE
Hazard Class: 3
UN Number: 1108
Packing Group: I
IMO
Shipping Name: 1-PENTENE
Hazard Class: 3
UN Number: 1108
Packing Group: I
RID/ADR
Shipping Name: 1-PENTENE
Hazard Class: 3
UN Number: 1108
Packing group: I

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Section 15 - REGULATORY INFORMATION

European/International Regulations
European Labeling in Accordance with EC Directives
Hazard Symbols: F
Risk Phrases:
R 11 Highly flammable.
Safety Phrases:
S 9 Keep container in a well-ventilated place.
S 16 Keep away from sources of ignition - No
smoking.
S 33 Take precautionary measures against static
discharges.
WGK (Water Danger/Protection)
CAS# 25377-72-4: No information available.
Canada
CAS# 25377-72-4 is listed on Canada's DSL List.
CAS# 25377-72-4 is not listed on Canada's Ingredient Disclosure List.
US FEDERAL
TSCA
CAS# 25377-72-4 is listed on the TSCA inventory.

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SECTION 16 - ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
N/A

制备方法与用途

简介

1-戊烯，又名正戊烯，是一种有机化合物，外观为无色液体。它不溶于水，可混溶于乙醇、乙醚，并能溶解于苯等有机溶剂中。主要用于有机合成，也用作高辛烷值汽油的添加剂。

化学性质

1-戊烯是低沸点的无色液体，沸点在29.9～30.1℃之间，折射率为1.3720，相对密度为0.640。它难溶于水，但能溶解于醇、醚等有机溶剂中。

用途

正戊烯可用于有机合成和制取异戊二烯，也可以作为高辛烷值汽油的添加剂。此外，正戊烯还是制备1,2-戊二醇的原料，并可用以生产杀菌剂丙环唑。

生产方法

正戊烯可通过分馏石油裂解气C₅而得到。

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  戊烯 在 水 、 氢碘酸 、 nickel diacetate 作用下， 300.0 ℃ 、43.57 MPa 条件下， 生成 己酸
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Preparation of Carboxylic Acids by the Carboxylation Reaction

  摘要：

  DOI：

  10.1021/jo01106a005
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  乙酸戊酯 生成 戊烯
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Geldof; Wibaut, Recueil des Travaux Chimiques des Pays-Bas, 1948, vol. 67, p. 111

  摘要：

  DOI：
• 作为试剂：
  描述：

  反-2-戊烯 在 顺-2-戊烯 、 戊烯 、 溴 作用下， 以 二氯甲烷 、 氯仿 为溶剂， 生成 Erythro-2,3-dibromopentan
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Katritzky, Alan R.; Lloyd, Jeremy M., Journal of the Chemical Society. Perkin transactions I, 1982, # 10, p. 2347 - 2352

  摘要：

  DOI：

文献信息

• Efficient Palladium(0) supported on reduced graphene oxide for selective oxidation of olefins using graphene oxide as a ‘solid weak acid’
  作者：Xi Gao、Jianhao Zhou、Xinhua Peng

  DOI：10.1016/j.catcom.2019.01.020

  日期：2019.3

  Selective oxidation of olefin derivatives to ketones has made innovative development over palladium(0) supported on reduced graphene oxide. Compared to traditional Wacker oxidation, the novel method offers an economical and environment-friendly option by using graphene oxide (GO) as a ‘solid weak acid’ instead of classical homogeneous catalysts like H2SO4 and CF3COOH. X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron

  烯烃衍生物选择性氧化为酮的方法已在还原性氧化石墨烯上负载的钯（0）上取得了创新性的发展。与传统的Wacker氧化相比，该新方法通过使用氧化石墨烯（GO）作为“固体弱酸”，而不是像H 2 SO 4和CF 3 COOH这样的经典均相催化剂，提供了一种经济且环保的选择。Pd 0 / RGO的X射线衍射，X射线光电子能谱，扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜图像表明，在还原的氧化石墨烯的薄片结构上产生了纳米级的Pd颗粒。在最佳条件下，最多可以制备44种结构不同的酮，并具有优异的收率。
• Investigation of the structural requirements for N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor positive and negative allosteric modulators based on 2-naphthoic acid
  作者：Mark W. Irvine、Guangyu Fang、Kiran Sapkota、Erica S. Burnell、Arturas Volianskis、Blaise M. Costa、Georgia Culley、Graham L. Collingridge、Daniel T. Monaghan、David E. Jane

  DOI：10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.12.054

  日期：2019.2

  a series of styryl substituted compounds with partial NAM activity and a preference for inhibition of GluN2D versus the other GluN2 subunits. In particular, the 3-and 2-nitrostyryl derivatives UBP783 (79i) and UBP792 (79h) had IC50s of 1.4 μM and 2.9 μM, respectively, for inhibition of GluN2D but showed only 70-80% maximal inhibition. GluN2D has been shown to play a role in excessive pain transmission

  N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸受体 (NMDAR) 是一种由 L-谷氨酸和甘氨酸激活的配体门控离子通道，在学习和记忆的突触可塑性中起主要作用。NMDAR 与阿尔茨海默病和帕金森病等神经退行性疾病有关，而 NMDAR 功能减退与精神分裂症有关。在这里，我们描述了对 2-萘甲酸衍生物的构效关系 (SAR) 研究，以研究 NMDAR 正向和负向变构调节的结构要求。这些研 14b 及其衍生物是研究突触功能的有用工具，并有可能成为开发治疗精神分裂症和导致认知功能丧失的疾病的药物的线索。此外，SAR 研究已经确定了一系列具有部分 NAM 活性的苯乙烯基取代化合物，并且相对于其他 GluN2 亚基更倾向于抑制 GluN2D。特别是，3-和 2-硝基苯乙烯基衍生物 UBP783 (79i) 和 UBP792 (79h) 抑制 GluN2D 的 IC50 值分别为 1.4 μM 和 2.9 μM，但最大抑制作用仅为
• Air-Induced Disulfenylation of Alkenes: Facile Synthesis of Vicinal Dithioethers
  作者：Guodian Yu、Yingcong Ou、Danyao Chen、Yuanting Huang、Yan Yan、Qian Chen

  DOI：10.1055/s-0039-1691493

  日期：2020.1

  A novel disulfenylation of alkenes with thiophenols and their corresponding disulfides by using air as the oxidant has been achieved. This transformation provides a facile and practical protocol for the synthesis of vicinal dithioethers under mild conditions.

  通过使用空气作为氧化剂，实现了烯烃与苯硫酚及其相应的二硫化物的新型二磺基化反应。这种转化为在温和条件下合成邻位二硫醚提供了一种简便实用的方案。
• Radical Addition of Perfluoroalkyl Iodides to Alkenes and Alkynes Initiated by Sodium Dithionite in an Aqueous Solution in the Presence of a Novel Fluorosurfactant
  作者：Zhiwei Xiao、Huawei Hu、Jiaoli Ma、Qingyun Chen、Yong Guo

  DOI：10.1002/cjoc.201300433

  日期：2013.7

  fluoroalkylation to occur in the water without adding organic solvent. The addition of perfluoroalkyl iodides with olefins and alkynes under the initiation of Na2S2O4 in water in the presence of the fluorosurfactant gave the corresponding adducts in good to excellent yields. The fluorosurfactant was suitable for a radical addition process.

  制备并表征了一种新型的氟化阴离子表面活性剂Cl（CF 2）6 O（CF 2）2 SO 3 N（C 2 H 5）4。含氟表面活性剂的应用使氟烷基化在水中发生而无需添加有机溶剂。在含氟表面活性剂的存在下，在水中在Na 2 S 2 O 4的引发下，将全氟烷基碘化物与烯烃和炔烃加成，得到相应的加合物，收率良好或优异。含氟表面活性剂适用于自由基加成过程。
• Chemical conversions using sheet silicates: novel intermolecular dehydrations of alcohols to ethers and polymers
  作者：James A. Ballantine、Mary Davies、Howard Purnell、Mongkon Rayanakorn、John M. Thomas、Kevin J. Williams

  DOI：10.1039/c39810000427

  日期：——

  Aliphatic primary alcohols, when intercalated in certain ion-exchanged montmorillonites, react preferentially via an intermolecular nucleophilic displacement of water to give high yields of di-(alk-1-yl) ethers, rather than the competitive intramolecular dehydration to alkenes; an essentially similar process yields polymeric material, poly(phenylenemethylene), from benzyl alcohol, but aliphatic secondary

  当插入某些离子交换的蒙脱石中时，脂肪族伯醇优先通过分子间亲核取代水反应以产生高产率的二-（烷基-1-基）醚，而不是竞争性的分子内脱水生成烯烃。基本上类似的方法由苯甲醇产生聚合材料，聚苯撑亚甲基，而脂族仲和叔醇则几乎仅产生烯烃。

表征谱图