来源:ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
吸收、分配和排泄
在焦化设施工业中,研究了邻甲酚、间甲酚、对甲酚、2,4-二甲酚、2,5-二甲酚、3,4-二甲酚和3,5-二甲酚的暴露水平与尿中酚排泄之间的关系。研究对象包括从事焦油蒸馏过程的76名暴露工人和34名对照组。... 尿液代谢物水平已针对比重和肌酐进行了校正。焦油蒸馏工人的呼吸区域的时间加权平均暴露浓度是... 对于二甲酚为0.02至0.04 mg/立方米。... 经比重校正后,暴露工人的尿液中二甲酚水平范围为0.12至0.97 mg/l。在对照组尿样中,经比重校正的二甲酚浓度范围为25 x 10(-3)至43 x 10(-3) mg/l。观察到环境水平与尿液中酚、邻甲酚和二甲酚浓度之间存在显著相关性,相关系数范围为0.45至0.82。作者结论,尿液二甲酚的生物监测可能用作衡量焦化设施工人二甲酚暴露的一种方法。
Associations between o-cresol, p-cresol, m-cresol, 2,4-xylenol, 2,5-xylenol, 3,4-xylenol, and 3,5-xylenol exposure levels and urinary phenol excretion were examined in the coke facility industry. The subjects consisted of 76 exposed workers employed in the tar distillation process and 34 controls. ... Urinary metabolite levels were corrected for specific gravity and creatinine. The time weighted average exposure concentrations in the breathing zones of the tar distillation workers were ... 0.02 to 0.04 mg/cu m for xylenols. ... The urinary xylenol levels of exposed workers ranged from 0.12 to 0.97 mg/l with specific gravity correction. In control urine samples, the specific gravity corrected xylenol concentrations ranged from 25 x 10(-3) to 43 x 10(-3) mg/l. Significant correlations were observed between the ambient levels and urinary concentrations of phenol, o-cresol, and the xylenols, with coefficients ranging from 0.45 to 0.82. The author concludes that the biological monitoring of urinary xylenols may be used as a means of measuring xylenol exposure in coke facility workers.
1.周国泰,化学危险品安全技术全书,化学工业出版社,1997 2.国家环保局有毒化学品管理办公室、北京化工研究院合编,化学品毒性法规环境数据手册,中国环境科学出版社.1992 3.Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety,CHEMINFO Database.1998 4.Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety, RTECS Database, 1989
Diphenyl ether derivatives and herbicides containing same
申请人:Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals, Inc.
公开号:US04515628A1
公开(公告)日:1985-05-07
Novel diphenyl ether hydrazine derivatives, particularly 2-nitro-5 (nucleus-substituted phenoxy) phenylhydrazine derivatives are provided. They are useful as a selective herbicide having a high herbicidal acitivity and residual efficacy.
Directed Remote Lateral Metalation: Highly Substituted 2-Naphthols and BINOLs by In Situ Generation of a Directing Group
作者:Jignesh J. Patel、Marju Laars、Wei Gan、Johnathan Board、Matthew O. Kitching、Victor Snieckus
DOI:10.1002/anie.201805203
日期:2018.7.20
general synthesis of highly substituted 2‐naphthols based on a new carbanionic reaction sequence is demonstrated. The reaction exploits the dual nature of lithium bases consisting of consecutive ring opening of readily available coumarins with either LiNEt2 or LiNiPr2 into Z‐cinnamamides, thus generating a directinggroup in situ and allowing, by conformational freedom, a lateral directed remote metalation
演示了基于新的碳负离子反应序列的高度取代的2-萘酚的一般合成。该反应利用了锂碱的双重性质,即将容易获得的具有LiNEt 2或LiN i Pr 2的香豆素连续开环成Z肉桂酰胺,从而在原位生成一个导向基团,并通过构象自由度允许横向定向的远程金属化以进行闭环反应,得到芳基2-萘酚,收率好至极好。可以将这些转换组合起来,以提供更有效的单锅法。对远端横向金属化步骤的机械洞察力,证明了对Z的要求描述了肉桂酰胺。还报道了该方法在高度取代的3,3'-二芳基BINOL配体合成中的应用。
Novel Copper-Catalyzed Multicomponent Cascade Synthesis of Iminocoumarin Aryl Methyl Ethers
synthesis of iminocoumarin aryl methyl ethers has been developed from ynal, phenol, and sulfonyl azide at ambient conditions via a cascade [3 + 2]-cycloaddition, 1,3-pseudopericyclic ketenimine rearrangement, 1,4-conjugate addition, and aldol-type condensation. This protocol provides a potential route for the construction of a library of iminocoumarin aryl methyl ethers in good yields.
Iron-Doped Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes as New Heterogeneous and Highly Efficient Catalyst for Acylation of Alcohols, Phenols, Carboxylic Acids and Amines under Solvent-Free Conditions
single-walled carbon nanotubes (Fe/SWCNTs) represent an efficient and new heterogeneous reusable catalyst for the acylation of a variety of alcohols, phenols, carboxylic acids and amines with acid chlorides or acid anhydrides undersolvent-freeconditions. The reactions of various primary, secondary, tertiary, and benzylic alcohols, diols, phenols, as well as aromatic and aliphatic amines give acylated
Organophotocatalytic Aerobic Oxygenation of Phenols in a Visible‐Light Continuous‐Flow Photoreactor
作者:Joël Wellauer、Dragan Miladinov、Thomas Buchholz、Jan Schütz、René T. Stemmler、Jonathan A. Medlock、Werner Bonrath、Christof Sparr
DOI:10.1002/chem.202101313
日期:2021.7.7
A mild photocatalytic phenoloxygenation enabled by a continuous-flow photoreactor using visiblelight and pressurized air is described herein. Products for wide-ranging applications, including the synthesis of vitamins, were obtained in high yields by precisely controlling principal process parameters. The reactor design permits low organophotocatalyst loadings to generate singlet oxygen. It is anticipated