In guinea pigs and rats, methyl butyl ketone was oxidatively and reductively metabolized. 2,5-Dimethyl-2,3-dihydrofuran; 5-hydroxy-2-hexanone; 2-hexanol; and 2,5-hexanedione were compounds identified in serum of guinea pigs dosed with MBK.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
代谢
Charles River大鼠的尿代谢物:2-己醇;5-羟基-2-己酮;2,5-己二酮;2,5-二甲基呋喃;γ-戊内酯;正亮氨酸;尿素。显然,α-氧化成二氧化碳是一种解毒机制,而ω-1氧化会导致活化。
Urinary metabolites from Charles river rats: 2-hexanol; 5-hydroxy-2-hexanone; 2,5-hexanedione; 2,5-dimethylfuran; gamma-valerolactone; norleucine; and urea. Apparently, alpha-oxidation to carbon dioxide is detoxification mechanism and omega-1 oxidation leads to activation.
2-Hexanone is absorbed via ingestion, inhalation, and dermal routes, then distributed widely throughout the body, with the highest levels in the liver and blood. Metabolism is likely similar to that of other aliphatic ketones, proceeding via reduction to the corresponding secondary alcohol, 2-hexanol. An alternate pathway is oxidation to the corresponding alcohol, 5-hydroxy-2-hexanone, followed by further oxidation to the diketone 2,5-hexanedione. 2-Hexanone and its metabolites are excreted via exhalation or in the urine. (L176)
2-Hexanone's toxicity is believed to be caused by covalent binding of its metabolites, especially 2,5-hexanedione, with axonal components of nerve tissue and inhibition of enzymes associated with the production of energy in this tissue. 2-Hexanone and 2,5-hexanedione may also inhibit sulfhydryl-dependent enzymes such as fructose-6-phosphate kinase and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, as well as certain creatine kinases and adenylate kinases, impairing energy metabolism and subsequently resulting in axon deterioration. In addition, 2,5-hexanedione can covalently cross-links neurofilaments, causing large axonal swellings. (L176, A124, A125)
来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
毒理性
致癌物分类
对人类无致癌性(未列入国际癌症研究机构IARC清单)。
No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC).
来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
毒理性
健康影响
吸入2-己酮会影响神经和生殖系统。这可能包括诸如周围神经病和发育缺陷等病理状况。
Breathing 2-hexanone affects the nervous and reproductive systems. This may include pathologies such as peripheral neuropathy and developmental defects. (L176)
来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
毒理性
暴露途径
该物质可以通过吸入和透过皮肤被身体吸收。
The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation and through the skin.
来源:ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
Inhalation is the primary route of exposure; however, dermatologic exposure can lead to skin irritation and this absorption may contribute to chronic exposure and polyneuropathy. Ingestion has rarely been reported.
Methyl n-butyl ketone (MNBK) is readily absorbed by lung, gi tract and through skin. It is not eliminated extensively unchanged in breath or urine. Radioactivity derived from (1-14)C-MNBK was excreted slowly by man, suggesting that exposure may lead to prolonged toxic metabolite exposure.
Humans exposed for 7.5 hr to 10 or 50 ppm or for 4 hr to 100 ppm of methyl n-butyl ketone (MNBK) absorbed between 75 and 92% of inhaled vapor. Two volunteers exposed by skin contact to (1-14)C-MNBK absorbed 4.8 ug/min/sq cm and 8.0 ug/min/sq cm, respectively.
Oral gavage administration of radiolabeled MnBK to rats indicated that 98% of the dose was absorbed. Beagle dogs that inhaled 50 or 100 ppm MnBK for 6 hr absorbed 65-68% of the vapor. absorption of radiolabeled MnBK through dog skin was observed to be slow at first but increased dramatically after 20 min of exposure ... It was concluded that approximately twice as much MnBK would be absorbed during a 1-hr dermal exposure as would be absorbed by inhalation of 25 ppm of MnBK vapor for 1 hr. Therefore, repeated dermal exposure to MnBK may contribute to its toxicity. Concomitant exposure to methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) may increase absorption of MnBK
Enantioselective Transfer Hydrogenation of Aliphatic Ketones Catalyzed by Ruthenium Complexes Linked to the Secondary Face of β-Cyclodextrin
作者:Alain Schlatter、Wolf-D. Woggon
DOI:10.1002/adsc.200700558
日期:2008.5.5
Ruthenium-η-arene complexes attached to the secondary face of β-cyclodextrin catalyze the enantioselective reduction (ee up to 98%) of aliphatic and aromatic ketones in aqueous medium in the presence of sodium formate (HCOONa).
Separate Sets of Mutations Enhance Activity and Substrate Scope of Amine Dehydrogenase
作者:Robert D. Franklin、Conner J. Mount、Bettina R. Bommarius、Andreas S. Bommarius
DOI:10.1002/cctc.201902364
日期:2020.5.7
average of 2.5‐fold higher activity toward aliphaticketones and an 8.0 °C increase in melting temperature. L‐AmDH‐TV did not show significant changes in relative activity for different substrates. In contrast, L39A, L39G, A112G, and T133G in varied combinations added to L‐AmDH‐TV changed the shape of the substrate binding pocket. L‐AmDH‐TV was not active on ketones larger than 2‐hexanone. L39A and L39G
Chiral Surfactant-Type Catalyst for Asymmetric Reduction of Aliphatic Ketones in Water
作者:Jiahong Li、Yuanfu Tang、Qiwei Wang、Xuefeng Li、Linfeng Cun、Xiaomei Zhang、Jin Zhu、Liangchun Li、Jingen Deng
DOI:10.1021/ja308357y
日期:2012.11.14
A novel chiral surfactant-type catalyst is developed. Micelles formed in water by association of the catalysts themselves, and this was confirmed by TEM analyses. Asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of aliphaticketones catalyzed by the chiral metallomicellar catalyst gave good to excellent conversions and remarkable stereoselectivities (up to 95% ee). Synergistic effects between the metal-catalyzed
开发了一种新型手性表面活性剂型催化剂。通过催化剂本身的结合在水中形成胶束,这通过 TEM 分析得到证实。由手性金属胶束催化剂催化的脂肪族酮的不对称转移氢化具有良好到优异的转化率和显着的立体选择性(高达 95% ee)。金属催化中心与金属胶束中核心的疏水微环境之间的协同作用导致高对映选择性。
Novel indole derivatives as selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMS)
申请人:Lanter C. James
公开号:US20050245485A1
公开(公告)日:2005-11-03
The present invention is directed to novel indole derivatives, pharmaceutical compositions containing them and their use in the treatment of disorders and conditions modulated by the androgen receptor.
本发明涉及新型吲哚衍生物,含有它们的药物组合物以及它们在治疗由雄激素受体调节的疾病和症状中的应用。
Rh(i) and Ir(i) catalysed intermolecular hydroamination with substituted hydrazines
作者:Serin L. Dabb、Barbara A. Messerle
DOI:10.1039/b814591a
日期:——
The catalysed intermolecular hydroamination of a series of terminal alkynes with substituted hydrazines was achieved using Rh(I) and Ir(I) complexes.