常温常压下稳定,避免与氧化物接触。
性状 淡黄色或类白色的结晶粉末。
作用原理 4-羟基香豆素是一种香料,在植物界广泛分布。曾有报道,牛马食用腐败紫苜蓿后因丧失血凝性而导致出血致死,这可能与植物中的香豆精形成双香豆素有关。
化学性质 微黄色针状结晶。熔点206℃。易溶于乙醇、乙醚和热水。与三氯化铁作用呈棕色。
用途 该品是医药和农药的中间体,用于生产双香豆素、新抗凝血药物(如华法林)等。这类4-羟基香豆素衍生物是一类口服抗凝血药物。双香豆素因吸收不规则且不完全,已被华法林等取代;双香豆素的作用维持时间最长(4-7天),而华法林则较长(3-5天),新抗凝较短(2-4天),香豆素乙酯最短(2-3天)。4-羟基香豆素也是杀鼠药的中间体,例如杀鼠灵、氯杀鼠灵、克杀鼠、杀鼠萘、联苯杀鼠萘等。其中,杀鼠灵是第一代抗凝血型杀鼠剂,在全球广泛使用且效果良好;而第二代抗凝血型杀鼠剂溴联苯杀鼠萘只需一次投饵即可使老鼠中毒致死,并已在美国的市场中占据30%份额。
生产方法 由乙酰水杨酸甲酯环合而得。将碳酸钠和液体石蜡投入反应锅,密闭加热搅拌,温度逐渐升至240℃。加入溶化的乙酰水杨酸甲酯后,当温度下降约10分钟后,再次逐渐上升并保持在240-260℃。加毕回流1小时。出料过滤,滤液弃去固体,并用水溶解。加热至70℃左右,分离上层少量油层,加入盐酸调pH为6,用活性炭脱色后过滤。滤液再用盐酸酸化至pH为1,即有4-羟基香豆素析出。加冰使析出完全,过滤并用水洗涤至洗液呈中性,干燥后得到4-羟基香豆素成品。收率为15.21%。
在生产过程中,可以使用乙酰水杨酰氯为原料与乙酰乙酸乙酯缩合生成a-(2-羟基苯甲酰基)乙酰乙酸乙酯,再用氢氧化钠溶液水解得到a-(2-羟基苯甲酰基)乙酰乙酸钠。然后在92%硫酸中于110-115℃环合生成3-乙酰基-4-羟基香豆素,进一步水解得到4-羟基香豆素。该方法的收率约为64%。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
---|---|---|---|---|
4-甲氧基香豆素 | 4-methoxycoumarin | 20280-81-3 | C10H8O3 | 176.172 |
4-烯丙氧基香豆素 | 4-allyloxy-2H-chromen-2-one | 31005-07-9 | C12H10O3 | 202.21 |
—— | 2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yl propionate | 120450-94-4 | C12H10O5 | 234.208 |
4-羟基-2-氧代-2H-色烯-3-甲醛 | 4-hydroxycoumarin-3-carboxaldehyde | 51751-34-9 | C10H6O4 | 190.155 |
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
---|---|---|---|---|
4-甲氧基香豆素 | 4-methoxycoumarin | 20280-81-3 | C10H8O3 | 176.172 |
4-乙氧基香豆素 | 4-ethoxy-2H-chromen-2-one | 35817-27-7 | C11H10O3 | 190.199 |
—— | 4-phenoxy-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one | 35817-28-8 | C15H10O3 | 238.243 |
—— | 3,4-dihydroxycoumarin | 77889-64-6 | C9H6O4 | 178.144 |
—— | 4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-2H-chromen-2-one | 157101-78-5 | C11H10O4 | 206.198 |
—— | 4-prop-2-ynyloxy-chromen-2-one | 6431-10-3 | C12H8O3 | 200.194 |
—— | 2-(2-oxo-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yloxy)acetaldehyde | 462094-52-6 | C11H8O4 | 204.182 |
4-烯丙氧基香豆素 | 4-allyloxy-2H-chromen-2-one | 31005-07-9 | C12H10O3 | 202.21 |
—— | 4-propoxy-2H-chromen-2-one | 93912-01-7 | C12H12O3 | 204.225 |
—— | 4-(difluoromethoxy)-2H-chromen-2-one | 1454765-35-5 | C10H6F2O3 | 212.153 |
—— | 4-(2-bromoethoxy)-2H-chromen-2-one | 71386-93-1 | C11H9BrO3 | 269.095 |
4,4'-[乙烷-1,2-二基二(氧代)]二(2H-色烯-2-酮) | 4-[2-(benzopyran-2-one-4-yloxy)ethyloxy]benzopyran-2-one | 155272-64-3 | C20H14O6 | 350.328 |
—— | 4-trimethylsilanyloxy-chromen-2-one | 36307-77-4 | C12H14O3Si | 234.327 |
—— | 4-crotyloxycoumarin | 128788-00-1 | C13H12O3 | 216.236 |
—— | 4-butoxy-2H-chromen-2-one | 71386-90-8 | C13H14O3 | 218.252 |
—— | 4-coumarinyl-chloropropyl ether | 168547-41-9 | C12H11ClO3 | 238.671 |
7-甲氧基香豆素 | 7-methoxycoumarin | 531-59-9 | C10H8O3 | 176.172 |
—— | 4-(3-Amino-propoxy)-1-benzopyran-2-one | —— | C12H13NO3 | 219.24 |
—— | 4-(but-3-en-1-yloxy)-2H-chromen-2-one | 73476-09-2 | C13H12O3 | 216.236 |
—— | 2-[(2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yl)oxy]acetic acid | 462094-45-7 | C11H8O5 | 220.182 |
—— | 4-(4-phenoxybutoxy)-2H-[1]benzopyran-2-one | 1158849-46-7 | C19H18O4 | 310.35 |
—— | 4-(pent-4-en-1-yloxy)-2H-chromen-2-one | 343324-21-0 | C14H14O3 | 230.263 |
—— | 4-(3',3'-dimethylallyloxy)coumarin | 31490-69-4 | C14H14O3 | 230.263 |
—— | 4-(4-bromobutoxy)-2H-chromen-2-one | 69150-26-1 | C13H13BrO3 | 297.148 |
—— | 4-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2H-chromene-2-one | 1413441-44-7 | C15H9ClO3 | 272.688 |
—— | (2-oxo-2-H-chromen-4-yloxy)acetyl chloride | 462094-48-0 | C11H7ClO4 | 238.627 |
—— | 4-(2-azidoethoxy)-2H-chromen-2-one | 1474025-46-1 | C11H9N3O3 | 231.211 |
—— | 4-((2-methylallyl)oxy)-2H-chromen-2-one | 109797-41-3 | C13H12O3 | 216.236 |
—— | 4-(2-oxopropoxy)-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one | 18504-28-4 | C12H10O4 | 218.209 |
—— | 4-(4-methylphenoxy)-2H-chromene-2-one | —— | C16H12O3 | 252.269 |
—— | 5-<(2-oxo-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl)oxy>pentyl bromide | 69150-27-2 | C14H15BrO3 | 311.175 |
—— | EV06062 | 1416563-05-7 | C14H16O3 | 232.279 |
4-乙酰氧基-1H-苯并吡喃-2-酮 | 4-acetoxycoumarin | 15059-36-6 | C11H8O4 | 204.182 |
3-溴-4-羟基-2H-1-苯并吡喃-2-酮 | 3-bromo-4-hydroxycoumarin | 2650-14-8 | C9H5BrO3 | 241.041 |
—— | 4-(2-Methylbut-3-enoxy)chromen-2-one | 1243085-89-3 | C14H14O3 | 230.263 |
—— | 4-(2,3-Dihydroxy-propoxy)-chromen-2-one | 178321-46-5 | C12H12O5 | 236.224 |
—— | 4-(2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yloxy)butanoic acid | 1444012-07-0 | C13H12O5 | 248.235 |
—— | 3-amino-4-hydroxy-2H-chromen-2-one | 5725-79-1 | C9H7NO3 | 177.159 |
—— | methyl 2-(coumarin-4-yloxy)acetate | 936256-96-1 | C12H10O5 | 234.208 |
—— | 3-mercapto-4-hydroxycoumarin | 69538-20-1 | C9H6O3S | 194.211 |
4-羟基-3-甲基色烯-2-酮 | 4-hydroxy-3-methyl-2H-chromen-2-one | 15074-17-6 | C10H8O3 | 176.172 |
—— | 4-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)-2H-chromen-2-one | 81438-31-5 | C12H10O4 | 218.209 |
—— | 4-(benzyloxy)-2H-chromen-2-one | 71386-91-9 | C16H12O3 | 252.269 |
—— | ethyl 2-(2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yloxy)acetate | 462094-44-6 | C13H12O5 | 248.235 |
—— | 2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yl methanesulfonate | 62113-90-0 | C10H8O5S | 240.237 |
—— | 2-[(2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yl)oxy]propanoic acid | 1412905-05-5 | C12H10O5 | 234.208 |
4-羟基-6-硝基-2H-色烯-2-酮 | 4-hydroxy-6-nitro-2H-chromen-2-one | 1641-03-8 | C9H5NO5 | 207.142 |
—— | Ethyl 4-(2-oxochromen-4-yl)oxybutanoate | 1444012-11-6 | C15H16O5 | 276.289 |
—— | 4-(3-phenyl-2-propynyloxy)-coumarin | 166337-54-8 | C18H12O3 | 276.291 |
—— | 4-neryloxycoumarin | —— | C19H22O3 | 298.382 |
—— | (E)-4-(3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dienyloxy)-2H-chromen-2-one | 84825-23-0 | C19H22O3 | 298.382 |
—— | 4-(2-methylphenoxy)-2H-chromene-2-one | —— | C16H12O3 | 252.269 |
—— | 4-cinnamyloxycoumarin | 75572-71-3 | C18H14O3 | 278.307 |
—— | 4-Cinnamyloxycoumarin | 75572-71-3 | C18H14O3 | 278.307 |
—— | 2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yl dimethylcarbamate | 37982-60-8 | C12H11NO4 | 233.224 |
—— | 2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yl propionate | 120450-94-4 | C12H10O5 | 234.208 |
4-羟基-3-甲氧基-2H-苯并吡喃-2-酮 | 4-hydroxy-3-methoxycoumarin | 37571-01-0 | C10H8O4 | 192.171 |
香豆素 | coumarin | 91-64-5 | C9H6O2 | 146.145 |
—— | 2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yl pivalate | 1192306-27-6 | C14H14O4 | 246.263 |
—— | 4-(4-nitrophenoxy)-2H-chromen-2-one | —— | C15H9NO5 | 283.24 |
—— | 4-(3-dodecylamino-2-hydroxypropoxy)chromen-2-one | —— | C24H37NO4 | 403.562 |
—— | 3-chloro-7-hydroxy-2H-chromen-2-one | —— | C9H5ClO3 | 196.59 |
—— | 4-hydroxy-2H,5H-pyrano[3,2-c]benzo[1]pyran-2,5-dione | 16052-81-6 | C12H6O5 | 230.177 |
—— | 4-[2-hydroxy-3-(2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yloxy)propylamino]butyric acid | —— | C16H19NO6 | 321.33 |
—— | 4-(2-Imidazol-1-yl-ethoxy)-chromen-2-one | 828265-57-2 | C14H12N2O3 | 256.261 |
—— | ethyl 2-[(2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yl)oxy]propanoate | 312929-05-8 | C14H14O5 | 262.262 |
—— | ethyl (2R)-2-(2-oxochromen-4-yl)oxypropanoate | 205645-27-8 | C14H14O5 | 262.262 |
—— | 4-((2-hydroxy-3-piperidin-1-yl)propoxy)chromen-2-one | 1202866-13-4 | C17H21NO4 | 303.358 |
—— | 3-chloro-4-methoxycoumarin | 76853-89-9 | C10H7ClO3 | 210.617 |
4-羟基-2-氧代-2H-色烯-3-甲醛 | 4-hydroxycoumarin-3-carboxaldehyde | 51751-34-9 | C10H6O4 | 190.155 |
—— | 4-(2-hydroxy-3-morpholinopropoxy)-2H-chromen-2-one | 1202866-03-2 | C16H19NO5 | 305.331 |
4-(三氟甲基磺酰氧基)香豆素 | 4-(trifluoromethylsulfonyloxy)coumarin | 113777-29-0 | C10H5F3O5S | 294.208 |
—— | 2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yl butane-1-sulfonate | 676515-69-8 | C13H14O5S | 282.317 |
—— | 4-(cyclohex-2-enyloxy)coumarin | 109797-42-4 | C15H14O3 | 242.274 |
—— | 4-diethylphosphonyloxycoumarin | 100379-82-6 | C13H15O6P | 298.232 |
—— | 3-Aethyl-4-hydroxy-cumarin | 21315-28-6 | C11H10O3 | 190.199 |
—— | 4-(2,3-dihydrobenzo[1,4]dioxin-2-ylmethoxy)chromen-2-one | 1415490-24-2 | C18H14O5 | 310.306 |
4-羟基-2-氧代-2H-色烯-3-甲腈 | 4-hydroxy-2-oxo-2H-chromene-3-carbonitrile | 10523-48-5 | C10H5NO3 | 187.155 |
—— | 4-(2-oxo-2-phenylethoxy)-2H-chromen-2-one | 81263-52-7 | C17H12O4 | 280.28 |
2H-1-苯并吡喃-2-酮,4-(苯甲酰氧基)- | 2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yl benzoate | 16709-58-3 | C16H10O4 | 266.253 |
—— | 2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yl cinnamate | 109695-12-7 | C18H12O4 | 292.291 |
—— | 4-(p-Methylbenzoyloxy)cumarin | 64517-72-2 | C17H12O4 | 280.28 |
—— | 4-(4-methoxy-benzoyloxy)-coumarin | 181938-17-0 | C17H12O5 | 296.279 |
—— | 3-allyl-4-hydroxycoumarin | 40124-16-1 | C12H10O3 | 202.21 |
—— | 4-[2-(naphthalen-2-yl)-2-oxoethoxy]-2H-chromen-2-one | —— | C21H14O4 | 330.34 |
—— | 3-iodo-4-phenoxy-2H-chromen-2-one | 68903-74-2 | C15H9IO3 | 364.139 |
—— | 4-Chloro-benzoic acid 2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yl ester | —— | C16H9ClO4 | 300.698 |
—— | 4-hydroxy-3-isopropyl-2H-chromen-2-one | 107058-05-9 | C12H12O3 | 204.225 |
2H-1-苯并吡喃-2-酮,6-氨基- | 6-aminocoumarin | 14415-44-2 | C9H7NO2 | 161.16 |
—— | 4-(1-oxo-1-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)propan-2-yloxy)-2H-chromen-2-one | 1412905-11-3 | C16H17NO4 | 287.315 |
—— | 3-(NN-dimethylamino)methyl-4-hydroxycoumarin | 74803-53-5 | C12H13NO3 | 219.24 |
7-氯-2H-色烯-2-酮 | 7-chlorocoumarin | 19063-54-8 | C9H5ClO2 | 180.59 |
—— | 4-[(7-methyl-2,3-dihydrobenzo[1,4]dioxin-2-yl)methoxy]chromen-2-one | 1415490-25-3 | C19H16O5 | 324.333 |
—— | 4-hydroxy-3-phenylazo-cumarine | 52140-71-3 | C15H10N2O3 | 266.256 |
—— | 4-(1-morpholino-1-oxopropan-2-yloxy)-2H-chromen-2-one | 1412905-12-4 | C16H17NO5 | 303.315 |
4-羟基-3-苯基香豆素 | 4-hydroxy-3-phenylcoumarin | 1786-05-6 | C15H10O3 | 238.243 |
—— | 4-[(7-chloro-2,3-dihydrobenzo[1,4]dioxin-2-yl)methoxy]chromen-2-one | 1415490-26-4 | C18H13ClO5 | 344.751 |
—— | 4-Hydroxy-3-hexyl-cumarin | 24855-52-5 | C15H18O3 | 246.306 |
—— | N-benzyl-2-(2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yloxy)propanamide | 1412905-07-7 | C19H17NO4 | 323.348 |
—— | 4-hydroxy-3-(isobutylthio)-2H-chromen-2-one | —— | C13H14O3S | 250.318 |