Butyl acetate appears as a clear colorless liquid with a fruity odor. Flash point 72 - 88°F. Density 7.4 lb / gal (less than water). Hence floats on water. Vapors heavier than air.
颜色/状态：
Colorless liquid
气味：
Strong fruity odor
味道：
Burning and then sweet taste reminiscent of pineapple
The metabolism of n-butyl acetate is characterized by the rapid hydrolysis of the parent compound to n-butanol and acetic acid, a process which is catalyzed by esterases found in several tissues and blood.
Metabolism studies with male Sprague Dawley rats using radioactive labelled n-butyl acetate indicated that n-butyl acetate was very rapidly eliminated from the blood (biphasic elimination; half life = 0.41 min), and was detected in brain tissue only at low concentrations (mean maximum of 3.8 ug equivalents/g at 1.9 min) in the first 2.5 min following dosing. n-Butanol was found at higher concentrations in both blood (Cmax = 52 ug equivalents/g at Tmax 2.6 min)and brain (Cmax = 79 ug equivalents/g at Tmax 2.5 min), but this was also rapidly eliminated in both tissues (biphasic elimination; t1/2, of 1.0 - 1.2 min) and was undetectable beyond 20 min post dosing. n-Butyric acid was present at low concentrations in blood (mean maximum of 5.7 ug equivalents/g at 7.4 min) and declined slowly following dosing; it was largely undetected in brain tissue. Early eluting, polar metabolites, presumably Krebs cycle intermediates of (14)C n-butanol and glucuronide and sulfate conjugates of (14)C-n-butanol, were detected in the whole blood (mean maximum of 12.2 ug equivalents/g at 4.2 min), but were seen only in trace amounts in brain tissue. The hydrolysis of n-butyl acetate in blood and brain is estimated to be 99% complete by 2.7 min at this dose level.
The metabolic series approach for risk assessment uses a dosimetry-based analysis to develop toxicity information for a group of metabolically linked compounds using pharmacokinetic (PK) data for each compound and toxicity data for the parent compound. The metabolic series approach for n-butyl acetate and its subsequent metabolites, n-butanol and n-butyric acid (the butyl series), was first demonstrated using a provisional physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model for the butyl series. The objective of this work was to complete development of the PBPK model for the butyl series. Rats were administered test compounds by iv bolus dose, iv infusion, or by inhalation in a recirculating closed chamber. Hepatic, vascular, and extravascular metabolic constants for metabolism were estimated by fitting the model to the blood time course data from these experiments. The respiratory bioavailability of n-butyl acetate (100% of alveolar ventilation) and n-butanol (50% of alveolar ventilation) was estimated from closed chamber inhalation studies and measured ventilation rates. The resulting butyl series PBPK model successfully reproduces the blood time course of these compounds following iv administration and inhalation exposure to n-butyl acetate and n-butanol in rats and arterial blood n-butanol kinetics following inhalation exposure to n-butanol in humans. These validated inhalation route models can be used to support species and dose-route extrapolations required for risk assessment of butyl series family of compounds. Human equivalent concentrations of 169 ppm and 1066 ppm n-butanol corresponding to the rat n-butyl acetate NOAELs of 500 and 3000 ppm were derived using the models.
IDENTIFICATION AND USE: n-Butyl acetate is a colorless liquid. It is used in manufacture of lacquer, artificial leather, photographic films, plastics, and safety glass. It is also used as an organic solvent and synthetic flavoring ingredient. HUMAN STUDIES: Male and female volunteers were exposed to different concentrations of n-butyl acetate vapor for 2 to 5 minutes. With exposure at 200 ppm for 3 to 5 minutes, the majority of the subjects complained of throat irritation; at 300 ppm for 3 to 5 minutes, the majority reported eye and nose irritation and severe throat irritation. In cases of severe overexposure, weakness, drowsiness, and unconsciousness have been seen. Chronic exposure to n-butyl acetate in humans has been associated with mild skin irritation. Repeated contact of the skin with the liquid may lead to defatting and cracking. Workers exposed chronically to n-butyl acetate have reported conjunctival irritation, feeling of chest constriction, and coughing. However, permanent lesions of the eyes and respiratory tract and other systemic effects have been reported in an occupational setting only when n-butyl acetate is present in a mixture with other solvents, and these effects appear to be due to the other solvents. ANIMAL STUDIES: n-Butyl acetate showed no sensitization potential when tested in a maximization test using guinea-pigs. Following 24 hr application of 0.01 mL of the neat material to the clipped skin of five albino rabbits, n-butyl acetate was slightly irritating. Guinea pigs exposed for 1 to 810 minutes at vapor concentration of 0.33, 0.7, or 1.4% by volume of n-butyl acetate were examined. At 0.33%, only eye irritation occurred. Irritation of the nose and eyes, lacrimation, incoordination, CNS depression, and respiratory disturbances were noted at the two higher concentration. Deaths were recorded only at the 1.4% concentration after 4 hours and occurred during exposure; slight to moderate congestion of the brain, lungs, and kidneys were noted. In mice, minimally effective concentrations for activity-decreasing effects were 2000 ppm for ethyl acetate and 8000 ppm for n-butyl acetate. The mutagenicity of n-butyl acetate in Salmonella typhimurium (TA98, TA100, TA1535, TA1537, and TA1538) and Escherichia coli (WP2uvrA) was examined. The mutation test was performed in the absence and presence of rat microsomal activation. No mutagenic activity was observed with n-butyl acetate.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
暴露途径
该物质可以通过吸入其蒸汽被身体吸收。
The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of its vapour.
来源:ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
毒理性
暴露途径
吸入，吞食，皮肤和/或眼睛接触
inhalation, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact
来源:The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
Metabolism studies with male Sprague Dawley rats using radioactive labelled n-butyl acetate indicated that n-butyl acetate was very rapidly eliminated from the blood (biphasic elimination; half life = 0.41 min), and was detected in brain tissue only at low concentrations (mean maximum of 3.8 ug equivalents/g at 1.9 min) in the first 2.5 min following dosing. n-Butanol was found at higher concentrations in both blood (Cmax = 52 ug equivalents/g at Tmax 2.6 min)and brain (Cmax = 79 ug equivalents/g at Tmax 2.5 min), but this was also rapidly eliminated in both tissues (biphasic elimination; t1/2, of 1.0 - 1.2 min) and was undetectable beyond 20 min post dosing. n-Butyric acid was present at low concentrations in blood (mean maximum of 5.7 ug equivalents/g at 7.4 min) and declined slowly following dosing; it was largely undetected in brain tissue. Early eluting, polar metabolites, presumably Krebs cycle intermediates of (14)C n-butanol and glucuronide and sulfate conjugates of (14)C-n-butanol, were detected in the whole blood (mean maximum of 12.2 ug equivalents/g at 4.2 min), but were seen only in trace amounts in brain tissue. The hydrolysis of n-butyl acetate in blood and brain is estimated to be 99% complete by 2.7 min at this dose level.
... Female Sprague Dawley rats ... were exposed for 5 hours to 1000 ppm n-butyl acetate via tracheal intubation. Both, n-butyl acetate and its metabolite n-butanol were detectable in blood immediately after start of exposure, maximum levels were reached at about 30 minutes after start of exposure. The concentration of n-butyl acetate reached a nearly constant level (mean concentration: 24.6 +/- 3.8 umol/L). The blood concentrations of n-butanol followed were about twice the levels of n-butyl acetate (mean concentration: 52.4 +/- 10.3 umol/L; AUC: 260 +/- 29 umol per L/hr).
Investigations with male Sprague Dawley rats using a whole body plethysmograph indicated that n-butyl acetate is readily absorbed after inhalation exposure. The respiratory bioavailability of n-butyl acetate was calculated to be 100% of alveolar ventilation (about 60% of minute ventilation). Maximum blood levels of n-butyl acetate (2.43 +/- 2.7 ug/mL) were reached about 10 minutes after start of exposure to n-butyl acetate (2000 ppm at start of exposure). Except for the first measurement after 5 minutes the n-butanol blood levels (maximum: 8.18 +/- 3.1 ug/mL, 20 minutes after start of exposure) were higher than the n-butyl acetate blood levels.
Skin permeability of n-butyl acetate was investigated in vitro using a Franz-Diffusion cell and viable skin from female human donors. The permeability constant for n-butyl acetate was 1.6 +/- 0.1 g/sq m/hr (1.8 +/+ 0.1 cu cm/sq m/hr), indicating that the test item has only a low tendency to penetrate the skin.
When anesthetized rats were exposed via the trachea to n-butyl acetate, 34,000 mg/cu m for 1 hr or 4800 mg/cu m for 5 hr, constant blood levels of n-butyl acetate and n-butanol were rapidly reached. The n-butyl acetate was eliminated from blood within 1 min after termination of the 1 hr exposure. ...
