国标编号: | 61778 |
CAS: | 618-87-1 |
中文名称: | 3,5-二硝基苯胺 |
英文名称: | 3,5-dinitroaniline |
别 名: | |
分子式: | C 6 H 5 N 3 O 4 ;(O 2 N) 2 C 6 H 3 NH 2 |
分子量: | 183.13 |
熔 点: | 159~160℃ |
密 度: | |
蒸汽压: | |
溶解性: | 微溶于苯,溶于乙醇、乙醚 |
稳定性: | 稳定 |
外观与性状: | 黄色针状结晶 |
危险标记: | 14(毒害品) |
用 途: | 用于有机合成 |
2.对环境的影响: 一、健康危害 侵入途径:吸入、食入、经皮吸收。 健康危害:对眼睛、粘膜、呼吸道及皮肤有刺激作用。吸收进入体内导致形成高铁血红蛋白而引起紫绀。吸入、摄入或经皮肤吸收可能致死。 二、毒理学资料及环境行为 危险特性:遇明火、高热可燃。与强氧化剂可发生反应。急剧加热时可发生爆炸。 燃烧(分解)产物:一氧化碳、二氧化碳、氧化氮。 3.现场应急监测方法: 4.实验室监测方法: 光度法测定,波长400nm,俄国刊物,水.aHaЛ.XHM.1990,45(4),815~817 《分析化学文摘 》1992-1992 5.环境标准: 6.应急处理处置方法: 一、泄漏应急处理 隔离泄漏污染区,周围设警告标志,建议应急处理人员戴好防毒面具,穿化学防护服。不要直接接触泄漏物,用清洁的铲子收集于干燥净洁有盖的容器中,运至废物处理场所或用沙土混合逐渐倒入稀盐酸中(1体积浓盐酸加2体积水稀释),放置24小时,然后废弃。如大量泄漏,收集回收或无害处理后废弃。 二、防护措施 呼吸系统防护:空气中浓度较高时,佩带防毒面具。紧急事态抢救或逃生时,应该佩戴自给式呼吸器。 眼睛防护:戴化学安全防护眼镜。 防护服:穿紧袖工作服,长统胶鞋。 手防护:戴橡皮手套。 其它:工作现场禁止吸烟、进食和饮水。及时换洗工作服。工作前不饮酒,用温水洗澡。进行就业前和定期的体检。 三、急救措施 皮肤接触:立即脱去污染的衣着,用肥皂水及清水彻底冲洗。注意手、足和指甲等部位。 眼睛接触:立即提起眼睑,用大量流动清水或生理盐水冲洗。 吸入:迅速脱离现场至空气新鲜处。呼吸困难时给输氧。呼吸停止时,立即进行人工呼吸。就医。 食入:误服者给漱口,饮水,洗胃后口服活性炭,再给以导泻。就医。 灭火方法:雾状水、二氧化碳、砂土、干粉、泡沫。
类别:有毒物品
可燃性危险特性:
储运特性:
灭火剂:
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
---|---|---|---|---|
1,3,5-三硝基苯 | TNB | 99-35-4 | C6H3N3O6 | 213.106 |
—— | N-Hydroxy-3,5-dinitroaniline | 88106-09-6 | C6H5N3O5 | 199.123 |
3,5-二异氰酸硝基苯 | 1-isocyanato-3,5-dinitrobenzene | 59776-60-2 | C7H3N3O5 | 209.118 |
1-氟-2,4-二硝基苯 | 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene | 369-18-6 | C6H3FN2O4 | 186.099 |
3,5-二硝基溴苯 | 3,5-dinitrobromobenzene | 18242-39-2 | C6H3BrN2O4 | 247.005 |
2,4,6-三硝基甲苯 | 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene | 118-96-7 | C7H5N3O6 | 227.133 |
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
---|---|---|---|---|
1,3,5-三硝基苯 | TNB | 99-35-4 | C6H3N3O6 | 213.106 |
1,3-二硝基苯 | 1,3-Dinitrobenzene | 99-65-0 | C6H4N2O4 | 168.109 |
3,5-二氨基硝基苯 | 5-nitrobenzene-1,3-diamine | 5042-55-7 | C6H7N3O2 | 153.14 |
—— | 3,5-dinitro-N-methylaniline | 70872-16-1 | C7H7N3O4 | 197.15 |
3,5-二异氰酸硝基苯 | 1-isocyanato-3,5-dinitrobenzene | 59776-60-2 | C7H3N3O5 | 209.118 |
N,N -二甲基-3,5-硝基苯 | N,N-dimethyl-3,5-dinitroaniline | 46429-76-9 | C8H9N3O4 | 211.177 |
—— | formic acid-(3,5-dinitro-anilide) | 54338-42-0 | C7H5N3O5 | 211.134 |
1-氯-3,5-二硝基苯 | 1-chloro-3,5-dinitrobenzene | 618-86-0 | C6H3ClN2O4 | 202.554 |
1-碘基-3,5-二硝基苯 | 3,5-dinitroiodobenzene | 6276-04-6 | C6H3IN2O4 | 294.005 |
3,5-二硝基溴苯 | 3,5-dinitrobromobenzene | 18242-39-2 | C6H3BrN2O4 | 247.005 |
3,5-二硝基酚 | 3,5-dinitrophenol | 586-11-8 | C6H4N2O5 | 184.108 |
—— | 2-amino-3,5-dinitrophenylamine | 3694-51-7 | C6H6N4O4 | 198.138 |
3-氯-5-硝基苯胺 | 3-chloro-5-nitroaniline | 5344-44-5 | C6H5ClN2O2 | 172.571 |
1,3,5-三氨基-2,4,6-三硝基苯 | 2,4,6-triamino-1,3,5-trinitrobenzene | 3058-38-6 | C6H6N6O6 | 258.15 |
—— | N-(3,5-dinitrophenyl)-acetamide | 38802-18-5 | C8H7N3O5 | 225.161 |
—— | 3,5-Dinitro-thioanisol | 41085-57-8 | C7H6N2O4S | 214.202 |
—— | 3-amino-5-nitroacetanilide | 42380-21-2 | C8H9N3O3 | 195.178 |
—— | N,N'-bis-(3,5-dinitro-phenyl)-urea | —— | C13H8N6O9 | 392.241 |
—— | 2-bromo-3,5-dinitro-aniline | 116529-41-0 | C6H4BrN3O4 | 262.019 |
1,3-二(乙酰氨基)-5-硝基苯 | N-(3-acetylamino-5-nitrophenyl)acetamide | 17178-95-9 | C10H11N3O4 | 237.215 |
戊硝基苯胺 | 2,3,4,5,6-pentanitroaniline 1,2-dichloroethane | 21985-87-5 | C6H2N6O10 | 318.116 |
1,3-二硝基-5-苯基苯 | 3,5-dinitro-1,1′-biphenyl | 56813-80-0 | C12H8N2O4 | 244.207 |
—— | 3',5'-Dinitro-isobutyranilid | 54338-34-0 | C10H11N3O5 | 253.214 |
烯丙基-3,5-二硝基苯 | allyl-3,5-dinitrobenzene | 250782-02-6 | C9H8N2O4 | 208.174 |
—— | 3,5-dinitrobenzeneboronic acid | —— | C6H5BN2O6 | 211.926 |
—— | 2,2-difluoro-N-(3,5-dinitrophenyl)acetamide | 330628-61-0 | C8H5F2N3O5 | 261.142 |
—— | (3,5-dinitro-phenyl)-carbamic acid ethyl ester | 50571-36-3 | C9H9N3O6 | 255.187 |
—— | N-(3,5-dinitrophenyl)-2,2-dimethylpropionamide | 367970-06-7 | C11H13N3O5 | 267.241 |
—— | N-methyl-m,m-dinitroacetanilide | 54338-36-2 | C9H9N3O5 | 239.188 |
Halodimethylsulfonium halide 1, which is readily formed in situ from hydrohaloic acid and DMSO, is a good nucleophilic halide. This activated nucleophilic halide rapidly converts aryldiazonium salt prepared in situ by the same hydrohaloic acid and nitrite ion to aryl chlorides, bromides, or iodides in good yield. The combined action of nitrite ion and hydrohaloic acid in DMSO is required for the direct transformation of aromatic amines, which results in the production of aryl halides within 1 h. Substituted compounds with electron-donating or -withdrawing groups or sterically hindered aromatic amines are also smoothly transformed to the corresponding aromatic halides. The only observed by-product is the deaminated arene (usually <7%). The isolated aryldiazonium salts can also be converted to the corresponding aryl halides using 1. The present method offers a facile, one-step procedure for transforming aminoarenes to haloarenes and lacks the environmental pollutants that usually accompany the Sandmeyer reaction using copper halides. Key words: aminoarenes, haloarenes, halodimethylsulfonium halide, halogenation, amination.
Acidic ionic liquid was immobilized on silica-coated magnetite nanoparticles (Fe3O4@SILnP) and used as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for the diazotization–iodination reaction of different aromatic amines under solvent-free conditions at room temperature.