Hydrolysis of diethyl malonate would produce ethanol and malonic acid, which is a relatively strong acid and acts as an inhibitor of enzymes, including succinic dehydrogenase.
IDENTIFICATION AND USE: Diethyl malonate is used in chemical synthesis. It is also used in food, beverages, and in fragrances. HUMAN STUDIES: A maximization test was reported in 23 volunteers. 4% of the test substance in petrolatum produced no sensitization reactions. Tested at 4% in petrolatum it produced no irritation after a 48-hr closed-patch test on human subjects. ANIMAL STUDIES: Diethyl malonate causes moderate irritation to rabbit's eyes and is non-irritating to rabbit's skin. Application of 0.005 mL of undiluted diethyl malonate to the rabbit cornea caused severe burning. Diethyl malonate fed to rats for 90 days at more than 100 times the equivalent of the human daily dietary intake (averaging 35.93 mg/kg bw per day for males and 41.14 mg/kg bw per day for females) had no adverse effects. The maximum time for inhalation of the concentrated vapor of diethyl malonate by rats without deaths was found to be 8 hr. Mutagenicity test in Salmonella typhimurium TA98, TA 100, TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 1538 was negative with and without activation at concentrations of 8, 40, 200, 1000, 5000 ug/plate 5000 ug/plate (maximal concentration).
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
吸入症状
咳嗽。
Cough.
来源:ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
毒理性
皮肤症状
Redness.
Redness.
来源:ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
毒理性
眼睛症状
Redness.
Redness.
来源:ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
毒理性
摄入症状
没有预期的急性症状。
No acute symptoms expected.
来源:ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
A shower decontamination bench model has been used to assess quantitatively the importance of several variables (water pressure and temperature, surfactant concentration in the decontamination fluid, nozzle type, and shower time) on decontamination of nontoxic chemical warfare-agent simulants diethyl malonate and thickened diethyl malonate from pig skin in vitro. Diethyl malonate was validated as a simulant for 1,2,2-trimethylpropyl methylphosphonofluoridate (soman) by comparison of the skin penetration and decontamination of radiolabeled diethyl malonate to the radiolabeled phosphonofluoridate in shower decontamination trials of pig skin in vitro. Percutaneous penetration of diethyl malonate was significantly greater than that of the phosphonofluoridate during the 15-min period after application. However, both were less than 0.1% of the applied dose. Showering or thickener had no significant effect on the percutaneous penetration of diethyl malonate or the phosphonofluoridate. Most of the phosphonofluoridate removed by showering or scrubbing the skin was inactivated. The quantity of intact 1,2,2-trimethylpropyl methylphosphonofluoridate that penetrated through the skin was below the detection limit of the enzymatic analysis. There was no statistically significant difference between the phosphonofluoridate and diethyl malonate in efficacy of shower decontamination. The presence of thickener did not have a significant effect on decontamination efficacy.
The in vitro distribution and fate of [(14)C]diethyl malonate and [(14)C]diisopropyl fluorophosphate were evaluated on normal and heat-treated pig skin. The extent of hydrolysis from the skin surface, skin, and receptor fluid was determined. A significant skin-mediated hydrolysis (15-35% of applied dose) was observed for diethyl malonate in normal skin, but not in heat-treated skin. These results indicated that a heat labile process (e.g., enzymatic hydrolysis) was in part responsible for the degradation of diethyl malonate after topical application to normal skin. Heat treatment tripled the skin penetration of diisopropyl fluorophosphate and reduced the amount of recovered hydrolysis product, diisopropyl phosphoric acid. Enzymatic and spontaneous hydrolysis, as well as impurity, accounted for the presence of degradation product.
1.周国泰,化学危险品安全技术全书,化学工业出版社,1997 2.国家环保局有毒化学品管理办公室、北京化工研究院合编,化学品毒性法规环境数据手册,中国环境科学出版社.1992 3.Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety,CHEMINFO Database.1998 4.Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety, RTECS Database, 1989