乙酰氨基丙二酸二乙酯(Diethyl acetamidomalonate, DEAM)是有机合成中的重要中间体,主要用于合成盐酸去甲基氯林可霉素(LincomycinU-24729A)、林可霉素(Lincomycin)、戊基氯林可霉素(Mirincarmycin)和林可霉素磷酸酯等。
理化性质乙酰氨基丙二酸二乙酯是一种固体。其熔点为96.5-98℃,沸点185℃(2.67kPa)。它溶于热醇,微溶于醚和热水。
制备方法 方法一此法首先用亚硝酸钠和醋酸将新蒸馏的丙二酸二乙酯(Diethyl malonate, DEM)亚硝化生成肟基丙二酸二乙酯(Diethyl oximidomalonate, DEOM),再使用二氯甲烷萃取后,与醋酸钠复合成DEOM醋酸钠复合盐。然后用锌粉还原,乙酐酰化合成DEAM。此方法在制备复合盐的过程中需要大量醋酸钠和萃取剂二氯甲烷,反应时间长且能耗大。
方法二这种方法原料同方法一,在缩短反应时间(7.5h)的条件下制备DEOM后,使用乙醚作为萃取溶剂直接还原酰化合成DEAM。此法操作简便,但醋酸和亚硝酸钠耗量较大,溶剂乙醚易燃易爆且毒性大,工业生产存在安全隐患。
方法三这种方法在减少醋酸和亚硝酸钠投料的情况下制备DEOM,然后使用Pd-C催化剂加氢还原,并进行乙酐酰化。虽然节省了原料,但Pd-C的再生困难,利用率低。
方法四此法采用毒性较低且不易燃的二氯甲烷作为萃取溶剂,利用相转移催化合成肟基丙二酸二乙酯,然后在醋酸介质中用锌粉还原DEOM同时进行乙酐酰化而得。此方法不仅操作简便,而且环保安全。
应用乙酰氨基丙二酸二乙酯主要用于合成盐酸去甲基氯林可霉素(LincomycinU-24729A)、林可霉素(Lincomycin)、戊基氯林可霉素(Mirincarmycin)和林可霉素磷酸酯等。
化学性质固体。熔点为96.5-98℃,沸点185℃(2.67kPa)。它溶于热醇,微溶于醚和热水。
用途 α-氨基酸合成用于α-氨基酸的合成,如作为色氨酸和消痛芥等的中间体。在与氯苄混合、添加溴化四丁铵、碘化钠和粉状碳酸钾并搅拌5小时后冷却过滤可得苄基乙酰氨基丙二酸二乙酯,收率为92%。
医药工业用于医药工业中,亦用作色氨酸中间体。
生产方法由丙二酸二乙酯经亚硝化、还原、乙酐化而得。
安全信息以上关于乙酰氨基丙二酸二乙酯的理化性质,制备方法及应用等信息由Chemicalbook的丁编辑整理。主要参考资料为[1]屈彬等. 乙酰氨基丙二酸二乙酯合成新工艺研究. 化学世界.2002:587-589。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
---|---|---|---|---|
—— | acetylamino-bromomethyl-malonic acid diethyl ester | 91011-83-5 | C10H16BrNO5 | 310.145 |
氨基丙二酸二乙酯 | Diethyl aminomalonate | 6829-40-9 | C7H13NO4 | 175.185 |
丙二酸2-氨基-1-乙酯 | ethylesters of amino malonic acid | 91469-69-1 | C5H9NO4 | 147.131 |
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
---|---|---|---|---|
—— | 2-acetamido-3-ethoxy-3-oxopropanoic acid | 187868-53-7 | C7H11NO5 | 189.168 |
—— | acetylamino-malonic acid di-tert-butyl ester | 131253-40-2 | C13H23NO5 | 273.329 |
—— | 1-O-dodecyl 3-O-ethyl 2-acetamidopropanedioate | —— | C19H35NO5 | 357.5 |
乙酰氨基丙二酸二甲酯 | dimethyl acetamidomalonate | 60187-67-9 | C7H11NO5 | 189.168 |
—— | N-acetyl-DL-serine ethyl ester | 74802-31-6 | C7H13NO4 | 175.185 |
—— | diethyl 2-(ethylamino)malonate | 63931-24-8 | C9H17NO4 | 203.238 |
—— | diethyl 2-palmitamidomalonate | —— | C23H43NO5 | 413.598 |
—— | diethyl α-acetamido, α-methylmalonate | 55166-91-1 | C10H17NO5 | 231.249 |
2-N-乙酰氨基-2-乙氧基羰基丙酸 | 2-N-acetylamino-2-ethoxycarbonylpropionic acid | 59223-81-3 | C8H13NO5 | 203.195 |
—— | acetylamino-hydroxymethyl-malonic acid diethyl ester | 6267-40-9 | C10H17NO6 | 247.248 |
—— | diethyl 2-(N-allylacetamido)malonate | 827044-72-4 | C12H19NO5 | 257.287 |
—— | diethyl 2-(N-(pent-4-enyl)acetamido)malonate | 827044-73-5 | C14H23NO5 | 285.34 |
—— | diethyl 2-(N-(hex-5-enyl)acetamido)malonate | 827044-74-6 | C15H25NO5 | 299.367 |
—— | 2-Acetylamino-2-brommalonsaeure-diethylester | 81918-04-9 | C9H14BrNO5 | 296.118 |
2-乙酰氨基-2-乙基丙二酸二乙酯 | diethyl 2-acetylamino-2-ethylmalonate | 32819-24-2 | C11H19NO5 | 245.276 |
—— | 2-(N-Acetylamino-)-buttersaeureethylester | 62973-41-5 | C8H15NO3 | 173.212 |
—— | acetylamino-bromomethyl-malonic acid diethyl ester | 91011-83-5 | C10H16BrNO5 | 310.145 |
乙酰氨基丙二酸 | 2-acetamidomalonic acid | 55327-87-2 | C5H7NO5 | 161.114 |
氨基丙二酸二乙酯 | Diethyl aminomalonate | 6829-40-9 | C7H13NO4 | 175.185 |
乙酰氨基丙二酸二苄酯 | dibenzyl acetamidomalonate | 51887-51-5 | C19H19NO5 | 341.364 |
—— | acetylamino-propyl-malonic acid diethyl ester | 82518-89-6 | C12H21NO5 | 259.302 |
—— | diethyl α-acetamido-α-propargylmalonate | 61172-60-9 | C12H17NO5 | 255.271 |
—— | ethyl 2-acetamido-2-(ethoxycarbonyl)-4-pentenoate | 14109-62-7 | C12H19NO5 | 257.287 |
—— | Diethyl 2-(acetylamino)-2-(difluoromethyl)malonate | —— | C10H15F2NO5 | 267.23 |
2-(乙酰氨基)-4-戊烯酸乙酯 | ethyl 2-(acetamido)-4-pentenoate | 98378-81-5 | C9H15NO3 | 185.223 |
—— | N-acetyl-(R,S)-2-amino-4-butyrolactone | 114375-78-9 | C6H9NO3 | 143.142 |
—— | 4-acetamido-4,4-bis(ethyloxycarbonyl)butyraldehyde | 53908-65-9 | C12H19NO6 | 273.286 |
—— | acetylamino-isobutyl-malonic acid diethyl ester | 151962-48-0 | C13H23NO5 | 273.329 |
—— | ethyl N-acetyl-2-amino-2-ethoxycarbonyl-5-hydroxypentanoate | 53048-84-3 | C12H21NO6 | 275.302 |
—— | N-acetyl-homoallylglycine ethyl ester | 178159-61-0 | C10H17NO3 | 199.25 |
—— | diethyl 2-acetamido-2-(but-3-enyl)malonate | 122471-00-5 | C13H21NO5 | 271.313 |
—— | ethyl-2-carbethoxy-2-acetylamino-2-cyanobutanoate | 5440-42-6 | C12H18N2O5 | 270.285 |
—— | diethyl 2-(3-chloropropyl)-2-acetamidomalonate | 21153-00-4 | C12H20ClNO5 | 293.748 |
—— | diethyl α-acetamido-α-homopropargylmalonate | 209474-96-4 | C13H19NO5 | 269.298 |
—— | ethyl 2-acetamido-2-ethoxycarbonyl-5-bromovalerate | 52892-17-8 | C12H20BrNO5 | 338.199 |
—— | acetylamino-dimethylaminomethyl-malonic acid diethyl ester | —— | C12H22N2O5 | 274.317 |
2-乙酰氨基-2-戊基-丙二酸二乙酯 | acetylamino-pentyl-malonic acid diethyl ester | 5440-46-0 | C14H25NO5 | 287.356 |
—— | 1-ethyl 3-prop-2-ynyl 2-acetamido-2-allylmalonate | 1309655-91-1 | C13H17NO5 | 267.282 |
—— | diethyl α-acetamido-α-dodecyl malonate | 7252-31-5 | C21H39NO5 | 385.544 |
—— | diethyl 2-acetamido-2-(3-cyanopropyl)malonate | 71264-11-4 | C13H20N2O5 | 284.312 |
—— | diethyl 2-[2-(2-chloroethoxy)ethyl]-2-acetamidomalonate | 66966-94-7 | C13H22ClNO6 | 323.774 |
2-十四烷基-2-乙酰氨基丙二酸二乙酯 | diethyl 2-tetradecyl-2-acetamidomalonate | 102542-04-1 | C23H43NO5 | 413.598 |
—— | Acetamino-pentadecyl-malonsaeure-diaethylester | 6640-67-1 | C24H45NO5 | 427.625 |
—— | Acetamino-decyl-malonsaeure-diaethylester | 6955-17-5 | C19H35NO5 | 357.491 |
—— | diethyl 2-acetamido-2-(16-hydroxyhexadecyl)malonate | 1426083-44-4 | C25H47NO6 | 457.651 |
—— | acetylamino-nonyl-malonic acid diethyl ester | 5440-56-2 | C18H33NO5 | 343.464 |
—— | acetylamino-octyl-malonic acid diethyl ester | 5440-55-1 | C17H31NO5 | 329.437 |
—— | diethyl α-acetamido-α-hexadecyl malonate | 5440-61-9 | C25H47NO5 | 441.652 |
—— | diethyl 2-acetamido-2-(15-hydroxypentadecyl)malonate | 1426083-50-2 | C24H45NO6 | 443.624 |
—— | diethyl 2-acetamido-2-icosylmalonate | 162357-90-6 | C29H55NO5 | 497.759 |
—— | Acetamino-undecyl-malonsaeure-diaethylester | 5440-58-4 | C20H37NO5 | 371.517 |
—— | diethyl 2-acetamido-2-docosylmalonate | 162357-89-3 | C31H59NO5 | 525.813 |
—— | diethyl 2-acetamido-2-octadecylmalonate | 5440-62-0 | C27H51NO5 | 469.706 |
—— | Acetamino-hexyl-malonsaeure-diaethylester | 5463-91-2 | C15H27NO5 | 301.383 |
—— | acetylamino-heptyl-malonic acid diethyl ester | 6955-14-2 | C16H29NO5 | 315.41 |
—— | Acetamino-tridecyl-malonsaeure-diaethylester | 114162-06-0 | C22H41NO5 | 399.571 |
—— | 1,7-bis-acetylamino-heptane-1,1,7,7-tetracarboxylic acid tetraethyl ester | 28817-54-1 | C23H38N2O10 | 502.562 |
—— | 2,9-Bis-acetylamino-2,9-bis-ethoxycarbonyl-decanedioic acid diethyl ester | 28817-55-2 | C24H40N2O10 | 516.589 |
1-(乙酰氨基)庚烷-1,1,7-三羧酸三乙酯 | Triethyl 1-(acetylamino)heptane-1,1,7-tricarboxylate | 62333-39-5 | C18H31NO7 | 373.4 |
2-乙酰氨基-2-戊-4-烯基丙二酸二乙酯 | diethyl 2-acetamido-2-(pent-4-enyl)malonate | 10325-16-3 | C14H23NO5 | 285.34 |
2-乙酰氨基-2-(2,2-二氟-乙基)-丙二酸二乙酯 | diethylacetamido-2-(2',2'-difluoroethyl) malonate | 252357-31-6 | C11H17F2NO5 | 281.256 |