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3-甲基苯胺 | 108-44-1

中文名称
3-甲基苯胺
中文别名
3-氨基甲苯;间甲苯胺;间甲基苯胺;间氨基甲苯;元硝基甲苯;元硝基甲苯(MNT);MT(间甲苯胺)
英文名称
1-amino-3-methylbenzene
英文别名
m-aminotoluene;m-toluidine;3-methylaniline;m-methylaniline;3-toluidine;meta-methylaniline;meta-toluidine
3-甲基苯胺化学式
CAS
108-44-1
化学式
C7H9N
mdl
MFCD00007808
分子量
107.155
InChiKey
JJYPMNFTHPTTDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
BEILSTEIN
——
EINECS
——
  • 物化性质
  • 计算性质
  • ADMET
  • 安全信息
  • SDS
  • 制备方法与用途
  • 上下游信息
  • 反应信息
  • 文献信息
  • 表征谱图
  • 同类化合物
  • 相关功能分类
  • 相关结构分类

物化性质

  • 熔点:
    -30 °C
  • 沸点:
    203-204 °C(lit.)
  • 密度:
    0.999 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
  • 闪点:
    186 °F
  • 溶解度:
    0.2g/100ml(20°C)
  • 介电常数:
    5.9500000000000002
  • 暴露限值:
    TLV-TWA skin 2-ppm (~9 mg/m3) (ACGIH).
  • LogP:
    1.4 at 25℃
  • 物理描述:
    M-toluidine appears as a clear colorless liquid. Flash point below 200°F. Vapors heavier than air. Toxic by inhalation, ingestion, and skin absorption in high concentrations or under prolonged exposures. Used in the manufacture of organic chemicals. Density about 8 lb / gal.
  • 颜色/状态:
    Colorless to light yellow liquid
  • 气味:
    Aromatic, amine-like odor
  • 蒸汽密度:
    3.90 (Air = 1)
  • 蒸汽压力:
    0.303 mm Hg at 25 °C
  • 亨利常数:
    1.66e-06 atm-m3/mole
  • 自燃温度:
    481 °C (898 °F)
  • 分解:
    When heated to decomposition it emits highly toxic fumes of /nitroxides/.
  • 粘度:
    3.306 mPa-sec at 25 °C
  • 汽化热:
    44.9 kJ/mol at 203.3 °C
  • 电离电位:
    7.50 eV
  • 折光率:
    Index of refraction: 1.5681 at 20 °C/D
  • 解离常数:
    pKa = 4.69 at 25 °C (conjugate acid)
  • 保留指数:
    1047.5;1064;1064;1088;1088;1060;1060;1043
  • 稳定性/保质期:
    1. 化学性质:间甲苯胺在光照或空气中会被氧化,逐渐变成褐色,并与酸生成盐。其其他性质与苯胺相同。 2. 稳定性:稳定。 3. 禁配物:避免接触酸类、酰基氯、酸酐、氯仿以及强氧化剂。 4. 避免的条件:避免光照。 5. 聚合危害:不会发生聚合反应。 6. 分解产物:分解生成氨。

计算性质

  • 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP):
    1.4
  • 重原子数:
    8
  • 可旋转键数:
    0
  • 环数:
    1.0
  • sp3杂化的碳原子比例:
    0.142
  • 拓扑面积:
    26
  • 氢给体数:
    1
  • 氢受体数:
    1

ADMET

代谢
在尿液提取物水解后,鉴定出两种代谢物,2-氨基-4-甲基苯酚和4-氨基-2-甲基苯酚(大鼠品种未给出)。
Two metabolites, 2-amino-4-methylphenol and 4-amino-2-methylphenol, were identified after hydrolysis of the urine extract /from rats (strain not given)/..
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
代谢
单环芳香胺与血红蛋白的结合在体内进行了研究。雌性Wistar大鼠通过灌胃给药苯胺、N-甲基苯胺、N,N-二甲基苯胺、邻甲苯胺、间甲苯胺、对甲苯胺、2,4-二甲基苯胺、2,4,5-三甲基苯胺、对氯苯胺、3,4-二氯苯胺、4-氯-邻甲苯胺、5-氯-邻甲苯胺或6-氯-邻甲苯胺。24小时后收集血液样本并分离出血红蛋白。血红蛋白样本用己烷提取,用氢氧化钠水解,并通过气相色谱测定回收的每种胺的数量。通过计算给药剂量和回收的胺的数量来确定胺/血红蛋白结合的程度(血红蛋白结合指数,HBIs)。雌性B6C3F1小鼠给药苯胺、邻甲苯胺、对氯苯胺、4-氯-邻甲苯胺或5-氯-邻甲苯胺,并按照之前的方法确定胺/血红蛋白结合的程度。大鼠给药2,4-二甲基苯胺、苯胺、5-氯-邻甲苯胺、4-氨基联苯或对氯苯胺,并确定高铁血红蛋白形成的程度。在大鼠中,血红蛋白的水解在每种情况下只产生一个裂解产物,即母胺。在6-氯-邻甲苯胺的情况下,色谱图中出现了额外的信号。血红蛋白结合指数从2,4,5-三甲基苯胺的0.7到对氯苯胺的569不等。小鼠中苯胺、邻甲苯胺、对氯苯胺、4-氯-邻甲苯胺和5-氯-邻甲苯胺的结合显著低于大鼠。大鼠中胺/血红蛋白结合的程度与高铁血红蛋白的最大浓度相关良好。结果表明,测定血红蛋白加合物可能有助于监测职业暴露于胺类的情况。
The binding of monocyclic aromatic amines to hemoglobin was studied in vivo. Female Wistar rats were administered aniline, N-methylaniline, N,N-dimethylaniline, o-toluidine, m-toluidine, p-toluidine, 2,4-dimethylaniline, 2,4,5-trimethylaniline, p-chloroaniline 3,4-dichloroaniline, 4-chloro-o-toluidine, 5-chloro-o-toluidine, or 6-chloro-o-toluidine by gavage. Blood samples were collected 24 hr later and the hemoglobin was isolated. The hemoglobin samples were extracted with hexane, hydrolyzed with sodium hydroxide, and the amount of each amine recovered was determined by gas chromatography. The extent of amine/hemoglobin binding was determined by computing hemoglobin binding indices (HBIs) from the administered doses and the amount of amine recovered. Female B6C3F1 mice were administered aniline, o-toluidine, p-chloroaniline, 4-chloro-o-toluidine, or 5-chloro-o-toluidine. The extent of amine/hemoglobin binding was determined as before. Rats were given 2,4-dimethylaniline, aniline, 5-chloro-o-toluidine, 4-aminobiphenyl, or p-chloroaniline, and the extent of methemoglobin formation was determined. In rats hydrolysis of the hemoglobin yielded only one cleavage product, the parent amine, in each case. An additional signal was seen in the chromatogram in the case of 6-chloro-o-toluidine. The hemoglobin binding indices ranged from 0.7 for 2,4,5-trimethylaniline to 569 for p-chloroaniline. The binding of aniline, o-toluidine, p-chloroaniline, 4-chloro-o-toluidine, and 5-chloro-o-toluidine in mice was significantly lower than in rats. The extent of amine/hemoglobin binding in rats correlated well with the maximum concentrations of methemoglobin. /Results indicate/ that determining hemoglobin adducts may be useful for monitoring occupational exposure to amines.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
代谢
在给狗单次静脉注射0.77毫摩尔(等于111.1毫克)的间甲苯胺盐酸盐/千克体重后30分钟,血液中间甲基硝基苯的最大浓度达到3.5微克/毫升。注射后5小时,间甲基硝基苯的浓度仍然大约为1微克/毫升。/间甲苯胺盐酸盐/
30 min after a single intravenous administration of 0.77 mmol (= 111.1 mg) m-toluidine-HCl/kg bw to dogs, a maximum concentration of 3.5 ug m-nitrosotoluene/mL blood was reached. 5 hours after the injection the concentration of m-nitrosotoluene was still about 1 ug/mL blood. /m-Toluidine hydrochloride/
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
代谢
在试管中,通过兔肝微粒体对间甲苯胺的p-羟基化进行测量,具有0.43纳米摩尔/分钟和每毫克微粒体蛋白的特定活性。
In vitro, the p-hydroxylation of m-toluidine by rabbit liver microsomes was measured with a specific activity of 0.43 nmol/min and mg microsomal protein.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
  • 毒性总结
人体健康。虽然在大鼠尿液中鉴定出了代谢物2-氨基-4-甲基酚和4-氨基-2-甲基酚,但关于代谢和毒物动力学的信息不足。由于大鼠、小鼠和兔子的口服LD50值为450至1430毫克/千克,所以间甲苯胺的急性毒性较低。这种化学物质对皮肤有轻微刺激性,对眼睛有中等刺激性。目前还没有关于皮肤致敏的信息。根据OECD联合重复剂量和生殖/发育毒性筛选试验[TG 422],将间甲苯胺以0、30、100、300毫克/千克/天的剂量通过灌胃给予Crj: CD (SD)雄性和雌性大鼠,至少连续给药41天。在100和300毫克/千克剂量下,关键效应是溶血性贫血,表现为红细胞计数和血红蛋白浓度降低,以及肝脏和脾脏中的色素沉积和髓外造血等组织学变化。其他毒性是肾脏管状上皮细胞病变,伴有肾脏中的色素沉积。由于在最低剂量30毫克/千克时,如脾脏中的边缘色素沉积和髓外造血等提示溶血性贫血的证据,可能是由于高铁血红蛋白形成,重复剂量毒性的LOAEL为30毫克/千克/天。在上述筛选试验[OECD TG 422]中,从雄性大鼠交配前14天到交配后14天,从雌性大鼠交配前14天到哺乳期第3天给予间甲苯胺。由于在所有动物中300毫克/千克出现了着床损失,而在100毫克/千克的10只中有2只出现了着床损失,但在30毫克/千克没有发现,因此生殖毒性的NOAEL为30毫克/千克/天。在30和100毫克/千克/天剂量下观察到的所有幼崽死亡或超过一半数量的幼崽死亡被认为是母体毒性的结果,因为有明显证据表明缺乏护理活动,可能是由于贫血,而30和100毫克/千克的所有活后代在4天内都正常发育。因此,发育毒性的NOAEL被认为是100毫克/千克/天。细菌遗传毒性研究在S. typhimurium和E. coli中无论有无代谢活化均显示阴性结果。在中国仓鼠肺(CHL/IU)细胞中进行的OECD TG 473染色体畸变试验中,没有观察到断裂性,但在最高浓度下多倍体显著增加(0.9至1.25%)。然而,这一结果被认为不是阳性,因为它在历史对照和普遍接受的显著性标准(5%)之内。两种体内研究,姐妹染色单体交换和DNA合成抑制,也显示阴性结果。因此,间甲苯胺被认为不具有遗传毒性。在雄性大鼠的饮食研究中,9400 ppm的剂量下没有观察到肿瘤,而在雄性和雌性小鼠中分别为14700和20400 ppm的剂量下也没有观察到肿瘤。然而,啮齿动物的致癌性结论不确定,因为与当前的致癌性测试协议相比,实验条件不足。环境。这种化学物质主要在水体中持久存在,当释放到其他环境隔室时,它将被传输到水体。这种化学物质不易生物降解,其生物积累潜力较低。这种化学物质已在有限数量的水生生物种类中进行了测试。对于藻类,72小时EC50(生物量变化,Selenastrum capricornutum)为17.7毫克/升。对于水蚤,最低急性毒性值为0.73毫克/升(48小时EC50,不动性),最低慢性值为0.01毫克/升(21天NOEC,繁殖)。对于鱼类,只有急性数据可用,其中最低值为34毫克/升(96小时LC50,Oryzias latipes)。从最低慢性值(NOEC水蚤;0.01毫克/升)使用评估因子100计算出的水生生物的PNEC为0.0001毫克/升。这种化学物质对水生生物的毒性,特别是对水蚤的毒性很高。暴露。1990-1992年间,日本生产的间甲苯胺量少于100吨,1988-1992年间进口量为97-285吨/年,然而1998年日本的生产量和进口量均为0吨。这种化学物质用作颜料、摄影剂等中间体。这种化学物质在中性或碱性溶液中稳定,被归类为“不易生物降解”。预期会发生直接光降解。半衰期估计约为4个月。一个通用的 fugacity模型(Mackey三级)显示这种化学物质主要分布到水中。在1977年对日本一般环境的监测研究中,从地表水和沉积物中检测到了间甲苯胺,但在1999年的监测研究中,水中、沉积物中或空气中均未检测到。根据一家日本制造商的数据,估计每年有400千克间甲苯胺随1 x
Human Health. Although the metabolites, 2-amino-4-methylphenol and 4-amino-2-methylphenol were identified in the rat urine with a small amount of the parent compound, there is not sufficient information on metabolism and toxicokinetics. Acute toxicity of m-toluidine is low because the oral LD50 values in rat, mouse and rabbit are from 450 to 1,430 mg/kg. This chemical is slightly irritating to skin and moderately irritating to eyes. There is no information available on skin sensitization. In accordance with an OECD combined repeat dose and reproductive/developmental toxicity screening test [TG 422], m-toluidine was given to Crj: CD (SD) male and female rats by gavage at doses of 0, 30, 100, 300 mg/kg/day for at least 41 days. The critical effect at 100 and 300 mg/kg is a hemolytic anemia, revealed by reduction of erythrocyte counts and hemoglobin concentration, and histological changes such as pigment deposit and extramedullary hematopoiesis in liver and spleen. Other toxicity is renal tubular epithelium lesions accompanied with pigment deposit in kidney. As there is suggestive evidence of hemolytic anemia such as marginal pigment deposit and extramedullary hematopoiesis in spleen at the lowest dose of 30 mg/kg, probably caused by methemoglobin formation, LOAEL for repeat dose toxicity was 30 mg/kg/day. In the above screening test [OECD TG 422], m-toluidine was given from 14 days before mating to 14 days after mating in males and from 14 days before mating to day 3 of lactation in females. As implantation losses were found in all animals at 300 mg/kg and two of ten at 100 mg/kg but not at 30 mg/kg, NOAEL for reproductive toxicity is 30 mg/kg/day. The death of all pups or more than half the number of pups observed at 30 and 100 mg/kg/day is considered as the result of maternal toxicity because there is clear evidence of the lack of the nursing activity, probably due to anemia, and all live offsprings of 30 and 100 mg/kg had normally developed up to 4 days. Therefore the NOAEL for developmental toxicity is considered to be 100 mg/kg/day. Bacterial genotoxicity studies show negative results in S. typhimurium and E. coli with and without metabolic activation. In chromosomal aberration test conducted in cultured Chinese hamster lung (CHL/IU) cells by OECD TG 473, clastogenicity was not observed but significant increase of polyploidy (0.9 to 1.25 %) was found at the highest concentration. However, this result was considered not to be positive because it was within historical control and generally accepted criteria of significance (5 %). Two kinds of in vivo studies, sister chromatid exchange and inhibition of DNA-synthesis, also show negative results. Therefore m-toluidine is considered not to be genotoxic. Tumors were not observed in dietary study of male rats at 9,400 ppm and male and female mice at 14,700 and 20,400 ppm, respectively. However, the carcinogenicity in rodents is inconclusive because the experimental conditions were insufficient compared to a current carcinogenicity testing protocol. Environment. This chemical is mainly persistent in water and it will be transported to water compartment when released to other environmental compartments. The chemical is not readily biodegradable, and its bioaccumulation potential is low. This chemical has been tested in a limited number of aquatic species. For algae, 72 hr EC50 (biomass change in Selenastrum capricornutum) is 17.7 mg/L. For Daphnia, the lowest acute toxicity value is 0.73 mg/L (48 hr EC50 for immobilization), and the lowest chronic value is 0.01 mg/L (21d NOEC for reproduction). For fish, only acute data were available, the lowest of which is 34 mg/L (96 hr LC50, Oryzias latipes). PNEC of 0.0001 mg/L for the aquatic organisms was calculated from the lowest chronic value (NOEC for Daphnia; 0.01 mg/L) using an assessment factor of 100. Toxicity of this chemical to aquatic organisms, specially against Daphnia, is high. Exposure. The production volume of m-toluidine in Japan was less than 100 tonnes in 1990 - 1992, and imported volume was 97-285 tonnes/year in 1988-1992, however both the production volume and imported volume in Japan in 1998 was 0 ton. This chemical is used as intermediates for pigments, photography agents and others. This chemical is stable in neutral or alkaline solutions, and is classified as "not readily biodegradable". Direct photodegradation is expected. The half-life is estimated to be about 4 months. A generic fugacity model (Mackey level III) shows this chemical would be distributed mainly to water. In the monitoring study of the general environment in Japan in 1977, m-toluidine was detected from surface water and sediment, but in the monitoring study in 1999, it was not detected in water, sediment or air. According to a Japanese manufacturer, 400 kg/year (estimated) of m-toluidine are released with 1 x 10+7 tonnes/year of effluent into bay. Local predicted environmental concentration (PEClocal) is 4.0 x 10-5 mg/L, employing the calculation model. The highest exposure to the general population via the environment would be expected through drinking water processed from surface water. The concentration in drinking water is assumed to be less than 4.0 x 10-5 mg/L. Consumer exposure is negligible because m-toluidine is not contained in consumer products. As m-toluidine is mainly produced in a closed system, occupational exposures at production sites may occur by the inhalation and dermal route. Estimated human exposure for a worker who operates sampling (0.1 hr/day), drum filling (1.5 hr/day), and reaction vessel cleaning (2 day/year) without protective equipment is less than 0.21 mg/kg/day. By wearing chemical cartridge respirator during these operations, and ventilation systems during the filling process, exposure level is lower than the estimation.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
  • 致癌性证据
A4;不可归类为人类致癌物。
A4; Not classifiable as a human carcinogen.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
  • 暴露途径
这种物质可以通过吸入、皮肤接触和摄入被身体吸收。
The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation, through the skin and by ingestion.
来源:ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
毒理性
  • 暴露途径
吸入,皮肤吸收,吞食,皮肤和/或眼睛接触
inhalation, skin absorption, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact
来源:The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
毒理性
  • 症状
眼刺激,皮肤刺激;皮炎;血尿(尿中有血),高铁血红蛋白血症;发绀,恶心,呕吐,低血压,抽搐;贫血,乏力(虚弱,疲惫)
irritation eyes, skin; dermatitis; hematuria (blood in the urine), methemoglobinemia; cyanosis, nausea, vomiting, low blood pressure, convulsions; anemia, lassitude (weakness, exhaustion)
来源:The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
吸收、分配和排泄
在给大鼠单次口服500毫克间甲苯胺后(未提供大鼠品种),24小时内从尿液中仅回收了2.5%的未改变化合物,并在尿液提取物的水解后鉴定出两种代谢物,即2-氨基-4-甲基酚和4-氨基-2-甲基酚。然而,关于定量的代谢和排泄信息并不存在。当间甲苯胺通过皮肤应用到大鼠上时,可以在血液中剂量依赖性地检测到。在给狗单次静脉注射111.1毫克间甲苯胺盐酸盐/千克体重的情况下,血液中的代谢物,间硝基甲苯,在30分钟时达到最大浓度3.5微克/毫升,在5小时后仍大约保持在1微克/毫升。
After a single oral administration of 500 mg m-toluidine to rats (strain not given), only 2.5% of the unchanged compound was recovered from the urine for 24 hrs and two metabolites, 2-amino-4-methylphenol and 4-amino-2-methylphenol were identified after hydrolysis of the urine extract. However, there is no information on the quantitative metabolism and excretion. After dermal application to rats, m-toluidine was dose-dependently detected in the blood. In the case of a single iv injection of 111.1 mg m-toluidine-HCl/kg bw to dogs, the metabolite, m-nitrosotoluene in blood reached to a maximum concentration of 3.5 ug/mL at 30 min and still remained at approx. 1 ug/mL at 5 hrs.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
吸收、分配和排泄
m-甲苯胺在大鼠经皮肤(尾部)给药后在血浆中被检测到,血浆水平与剂量水平相关。
m-Toluidine was detected in the blood plasma of rats after dermal application (tail). The plasma levels correlated with the dose-level.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
吸收、分配和排泄
被皮肤吸收。
... Absorbed by skin.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
吸收、分配和排泄
通过呼吸道吸收。
Absorbed via respiratory tract.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
吸收、分配和排泄
在大鼠中,o-、m-和p-甲苯胺(通过胃内给药,剂量为20、100或200 mg/kg)的尿液中水平与甲苯胺剂量正相关;24小时后,分别有26%、10%和10%的未改变的甲苯胺被排出。在长期给予m-甲苯胺后,未改变的甲苯胺的排泄率随着实验时间的延长而增加。
Urinary levels in rats of o-, m-, and p-toluidine (20, 100, or 200 mg/kg, intragastric administration) were positively correlated with the toluidine dose; 26, 10, and 10% of the unchanged toluidines, respectively, were excreted after 24 hr. After chronic administration of m-toluidine, excretion rate of the unchanged toluidine increased with duration of the experiment.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

安全信息

  • TSCA:
    Yes
  • 危险等级:
    6.1
  • 危险品标志:
    T
  • 安全说明:
    S28,S28A,S36/37,S45,S53,S61
  • 危险类别码:
    R23/24/25,R50,R33
  • WGK Germany:
    2
  • 海关编码:
    29214300
  • 危险品运输编号:
    UN 1708 6.1/PG 2
  • 危险类别:
    6.1
  • RTECS号:
    XU2800000
  • 包装等级:
    II
  • 储存条件:
    储存注意事项: - 储存于阴凉、通风的库房。 - 远离火种、热源,包装要求密封,不可与空气接触。 - 应与氧化剂、酸类及食用化学品分开存放,切忌混储。 - 配备相应品种和数量的消防器材。 - 储区应备有泄漏应急处理设备和合适的收容材料。

SDS

SDS:125aa419a238d862c335b571420e3e5a
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国标编号: 61750
CAS: 108-44-1
中文名称: 3-甲基苯胺
英文名称: 3-Toluidine;m-Toluidine
别 名: 间甲苯胺;3-氨基甲苯;间氨基甲苯
分子式: C 7 H 9 N;CH 3 C 6 H 4 NH 2
分子量: 107.15
熔 点: -50.5℃ 沸点:203.3?
密 度: 相对密度(水=1)0.99;
蒸汽压: 85℃
溶解性: 微溶于水,溶于醇、醚、稀酸
稳定性: 稳定
外观与性状: 无色油状液体
危险标记: 14(毒害品)
用 途: 用作制造还原染料的中间体

2.对环境的影响:
一、健康危害

侵入途径:吸入、食入、经皮吸收。
健康危害:本品是强烈的高铁血红蛋白形成剂,并能刺激膀胱尿道,能致血尿。
急性中毒:多由皮肤污染而吸收。引起自觉脸部灼热、剧烈头痛、头晕、呼吸困难,呈现紫绀症。以后出现血尿、尿闭、精神障碍、肌肉抽搐。
慢性中毒时,可引起膀胱刺激症状。

二、毒理学资料及环境行为

毒性:属中等毒类。
急性毒性:LD50450mg/kg(大鼠经口);150mg/kg(小鼠腹腔)
致癌性:大鼠经口最小中毒剂量6600μg/kg(19周,间断)致肿瘤阳性。

危险特性:遇明火、高热或与氧化剂接触,有引起燃烧爆炸的危险。受高热分解放出有毒气体。
燃烧(分解)产物:一氧化碳、二氧化碳、氧化氮。


3.现场应急监测方法:



4.实验室监测方法:
对二甲氨基甲醛比色法《空气中有害物质的测定方法》(第二版)杭士平主编
对硝基重氮苯比色法《空气中有害物质的测定方法》(第二版)杭士平主编
气相色谱法《空气中有害物质的测定方法》(第二版)杭士平主编


5.环境标准:
前苏联 车间空气中有害物质的最高容许浓度 3mg/m3[皮]


6.应急处理处置方法:
一、泄漏应急处理

疏散泄漏污染区人员至安全区,禁止无关人员进入污染区,建议应急处理人员戴自验式呼吸器,穿厂商特别推荐的化学防护服(完全隔离)。不要直接接触泄漏物,在确保安全情况下堵漏。喷雾状水,减少蒸发。用沙土或其它不燃性吸附剂混合吸收,然后收集运至废物处理场所处置。也可以用大量水冲洗,经稀释的洗水放入废水系统。如大量泄漏,利用围堤收容,然后收集、转移、回收或无害处理后废弃。

二、防护措施

呼吸系统防护:可能接触其蒸气时,佩带防毒面具。紧急事态抢救或逃生时,佩带正压自给式呼吸器。
眼睛防护:戴安全防护眼镜。
防护服:穿紧袖工作服,长统胶鞋。
手防护:戴橡皮手套。
其它:工作现场禁止吸烟、进食和饮水。及时换洗工作服。工作前后不饮酒,用温水洗澡。监测毒物。进行就业前和定期的体检。

三、急救措施

皮肤接触:立即脱去污染的衣着,用肥皂水及清水彻底冲洗。注意手、足和指甲等部位。
眼睛接触:立即提起眼睑,用大量流动清水或生理盐水冲洗。
吸入:迅速脱离现场至空气新鲜处。呼吸困难时给输氧。呼吸停止时,立即时进行人工呼吸。就医。
食入:误服者给漱口,饮水,洗胃后口服活性炭,再给以导泻。就医。

灭火方法:雾状水、泡沫、二氧化碳、干粉、砂土。



制备方法与用途

简介

3-甲基苯胺(间甲苯胺)是一种无色液体,在空气中或光照下会变为黄色或红棕色。其相对密度为0.989,熔点为-43.6℃,沸点在203~204℃之间。微溶于水,能溶于乙醇和乙醚,并能随水蒸气一同挥发。它由间硝基甲苯经还原反应制得,主要用作医药合成中间体。

应用

甲基苯胺是应用广泛的有机合成中间体之一,主要用于染料、农药及医药等领域。目前在国内生产中,主要是以硝基甲苯为原料,乙醇或甲醇作为溶剂,并采用骨架Ni催化剂进行加氢反应制备甲基苯胺。

制备

将间硝基甲苯和纳米催化剂加入高压反应釜中,并用氮气置换3次(压力0.3MPa),启动搅拌。开启氢气钢瓶减压阀和调压阀,控制氢气压力并充入适量氢气后加热升温至设定温度,持续搅拌通入氢气同时向反应釜内通冷却水移走反应热,维持稳定反应温度直到反应釜压力开始上升;停止通氢和冷却水继续搅拌加热至0.5小时;停止搅拌分离催化剂及反应液,在合适的条件下提取30%(质量)的反应液,称重并分析主含量。采用甲基苯胺作为溶剂与纳米催化剂催化加氢制备间甲苯胺工艺可行,且催化剂和溶剂可循环使用。此过程安全环保成本低能耗小;最佳工艺指标为:硝基甲苯与甲基苯胺质量比4∶10、纳米催化剂加入量为硝基甲苯的10%、反应温度100~120℃、氢气压力1.20~1.40MPa、搅拌速率1500r/min。在此条件下,硝基甲苯转化率可达88.5%以上,选择性达100%。

合成方法

利用镍为催化剂,在工业甲醇溶剂中催化间硝基甲苯加氢反应生成3-甲基苯胺。通过单因素考查与正交实验确定最佳工艺条件:以80g间硝基甲苯为基础量,固定在200mL的工业甲醇溶剂条件下,催化剂用量为2.0g、反应时间为6小时、反应温度90℃、氢气压力1.6MPa。此时,3-甲基苯胺含量为99.79%,轻组分含量仅为0.11%而重组分则占0.10%。

化学性质

3-甲基苯胺是一种无色油状液体,熔点为-43.6℃,沸点203.2℃,相对密度0.990(25/25℃),折光率1.8686,闪点为85℃。它能溶于醇、醚和稀酸但微溶于水,并随水蒸气挥发。在空气或光照下会变色。

用途

3-甲基苯胺用作分析试剂,也用于有机合成及染料制造。作为活性黄X-R、阳离子紫2RL的中间体可用来检定锇、钯、铂、钌和亚硝酸盐等元素。

生产方法

3-甲基苯胺由间硝基甲苯通过铁粉还原制得。

类别

有毒物品

毒性分级

高毒

急性毒性

口服:大鼠 LD50: 450 毫克/公斤;小鼠 LD50: 740 毫克/公斤

刺激数据

皮肤接触:兔子,500毫克/24小时 轻度刺激; 眼睛接触:兔子,20毫克/24小时 中度刺激

可燃性危险特性

遇明火可燃烧;生成有毒氮氧化物烟雾;与氧化剂反应

储运特性

库房应保持通风、低温及干燥状态;不得与氧化剂、酸类或食品添加剂存放于同一仓库内

灭火方法

使用二氧化碳、泡沫灭火器、砂土或干粉扑灭

职业卫生标准

时间加权平均容许浓度为9毫克/立方米(TWA)

上下游信息

  • 上游原料
    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 分子量
    • 1
    • 2
  • 下游产品
    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 分子量
    • 1
    • 2
    • 3
    • 4
    • 5
    • 6

反应信息

  • 作为反应物:
    描述:
    3-甲基苯胺盐酸copper(I) sulfatearsenic(III) trioxide 、 sodium carbonate 、 sodium nitrite 作用下, 生成 3-甲基苯基砷酸
    参考文献:
    名称:
    Yambushev, F. D.; Kovyrzina, V>; P., Journal of general chemistry of the USSR, 1981, p. 1919 - 1926
    摘要:
    DOI:
  • 作为产物:
    描述:
    间甲酚 在 palladium on activated charcoal 、 氢气 作用下, 以 甲苯 为溶剂, 200.0 ℃ 、600.01 kPa 条件下, 反应 24.0h, 以80%的产率得到3-甲基苯胺
    参考文献:
    名称:
    使用Pd / C进行直接液相苯酚-苯胺胺化†
    摘要:
    在这里,我们报告了苯酚与氨的直接直接胺化反应在液相中生成的苯胺。为此,Pd / C被证明是最合适的催化剂。反应参数的优化导致伯胺的选择性生产和可持续生产,收率高达95%。
    DOI:
    10.1039/c8cy00193f
  • 作为试剂:
    参考文献:
    名称:
    Heiduschka, Journal fur praktische Chemie (Leipzig 1954), 1910, vol. <2>81, p. 321
    摘要:
    DOI:
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文献信息

  • Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel L-Homoserine Lactone Analogs as Quorum Sensing Inhibitors of &lt;i&gt;Pseudomonas aeruginosa&lt;/i&gt;
    作者:Haoyue Liu、Qianhong Gong、Chunying Luo、Yongxi Liang、Xiaoyan Kong、Chunli Wu、Pengxia Feng、Qing Wang、Hui Zhang、M.A. Wireko
    DOI:10.1248/cpb.c19-00359
    日期:2019.10.1
    series of novel L-homoserine lactone analogs and evaluated their in vitro quorum sensing (QS) inhibitory activity against two biomonitor strains, Chromobacterium violaceum CV026 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1. Studies of the structure-activity relationships of the set of L-homoserine lactone analogs indicated that phenylurea-containing N-dithiocarbamated homoserine lactones are more potent than (Z)-
    在这项研究中,我们合成了四个系列的新型L-高丝氨酸内酯类似物,并评估了它们对两种生物监控株紫罗兰色杆菌CV026和铜绿假单胞菌PAO1的体外群体感应(QS)抑制活性。对一组L-高丝氨酸内酯类似物的构效关系的研究表明,含苯脲的N-二硫代氨基甲酰高丝氨酸内酯比(Z)-4-溴-5-(溴亚甲基)-2(5H)-呋喃酮更有效(C30),生物膜形成的阳性对照。特别是,与C30相比,QS抑制剂11f显着降低了毒力因子(花青素,弹性蛋白酶和鼠李糖脂)的产生,成群运动,生物膜的形成以及受PAO1 QS系统调节的QS相关基因的mRNA水平。
  • Compositions for Treatment of Cystic Fibrosis and Other Chronic Diseases
    申请人:Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated
    公开号:US20150231142A1
    公开(公告)日:2015-08-20
    The present invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising an inhibitor of epithelial sodium channel activity in combination with at least one ABC Transporter modulator compound of Formula A, Formula B, Formula C, or Formula D. The invention also relates to pharmaceutical formulations thereof, and to methods of using such compositions in the treatment of CFTR mediated diseases, particularly cystic fibrosis using the pharmaceutical combination compositions.
    本发明涉及含有上皮钠通道活性抑制剂与至少一种ABC转运蛋白调节剂化合物(A式、B式、C式或D式)的药物组合物。该发明还涉及这些药物配方,以及使用这些组合物治疗CFTR介导的疾病,特别是囊性纤维化的方法。
  • Highly Regio- and Enantioselective Alkoxycarbonylative Amination of Terminal Allenes Catalyzed by a Spiroketal-Based Diphosphine/Pd(II) Complex
    作者:Jiawang Liu、Zhaobin Han、Xiaoming Wang、Zheng Wang、Kuiling Ding
    DOI:10.1021/jacs.5b07764
    日期:2015.12.16
    An enantioselective alkoxycarbonylation-amination cascade process of terminal allenes with CO, methanol, and arylamines has been developed. It proceeds under mild conditions (room temperature, ambient pressure CO) via oxidative Pd(II) catalysis using an aromatic spiroketal-based diphosphine (SKP) as a chiral ligand and a Cu(II) salt as an oxidant and affords a wide range of α-methylene-β-arylamino
    已经开发了末端丙二烯与 CO、甲醇和芳胺的对映选择性烷氧基羰基化-胺化级联过程。它在温和的条件下(室温,环境压力 CO)通过氧化钯(II)催化,使用芳族螺缩酮基二膦(SKP)作为手性配体和铜(II)盐作为氧化剂,并提供广泛的α-亚甲基-β-芳基氨基酸酯(36 个实例),收率良好,具有出色的对映选择性(高达 96% ee)和高区域选择性(支链/线性 > 92:8)。初步的机理研究表明,该反应可能通过丙二烯的烷氧基羰基钯化和胺化过程进行。该协议的合成效用体现在环庚烯融合手性 β-内酰胺的不对称结构中。
  • Dihydroquinazolines enhance 20S proteasome activity and induce degradation of α-synuclein, an intrinsically disordered protein associated with neurodegeneration
    作者:Taylor J. Fiolek、Christina L. Magyar、Tyler J. Wall、Steven B. Davies、Molly V. Campbell、Christopher J. Savich、Jetze J. Tepe、R. Adam Mosey
    DOI:10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.127821
    日期:2021.3
    traditional small molecule drug design and are often referred to as “undruggable”. The 20S proteasome is the main protease that targets IDPs for degradation and therefore small molecule 20S proteasome enhancement presents a novel therapeutic strategy by which these undruggable IDPs could be targeted. The concept of 20S activation is still relatively new, with few potent activators having been identified
    许多内在无序蛋白质 (IDP) 的聚集体或寡聚形式,包括 α-突触核蛋白,是帕金森病和阿尔茨海默病等神经退行性疾病的标志,也是其发病机制的关键因素。由于其无序的性质,因此缺乏明确的药物结合口袋,IDPs 是传统小分子药物设计的困难目标,通常被称为“不可药物”。20S 蛋白酶体是靶向 IDP 进行降解的主要蛋白酶,因此小分子 20S 蛋白酶体增强提供了一种新的治疗策略,通过该策略可以靶向这些不可成药的 IDP。20S 激活的概念仍然相对较新,迄今为止已确定的有效激活剂很少。在此处,我们合成并评估了一个二氢喹唑啉类似物库,并发现了几种有前景的新型 20S 蛋白酶体激活剂。对热门歌曲的进一步测试表明,它们可以增强 20S 介导的 α-突触核蛋白降解,这是与帕金森病相关的 IDP。
  • Novel compounds and compositions as protease inhibitors
    申请人:——
    公开号:US20020052378A1
    公开(公告)日:2002-05-02
    The present invention relates to novel cysteine protease inhibitors of Formula I: 1 the pharmaceutically acceptable salts and N-oxide derivatives thereof, their use as therapeutic agents and methods of making them.
    本发明涉及一种新型半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂的化学式I: 1 其药用盐及N-氧化物衍生物,它们作为治疗剂的用途以及制备它们的方法。
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表征谱图

  • 氢谱
    1HNMR
  • 质谱
    MS
  • 碳谱
    13CNMR
  • 红外
    IR
  • 拉曼
    Raman
hnmr
mass
cnmr
ir
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  • 峰位数据
  • 峰位匹配
  • 表征信息
Shift(ppm)
Intensity
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Assign
Shift(ppm)
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测试频率
样品用量
溶剂
溶剂用量
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同类化合物

(βS)-β-氨基-4-(4-羟基苯氧基)-3,5-二碘苯甲丙醇 (S)-(-)-7'-〔4(S)-(苄基)恶唑-2-基]-7-二(3,5-二-叔丁基苯基)膦基-2,2',3,3'-四氢-1,1-螺二氢茚 (S)-盐酸沙丁胺醇 (S)-3-(叔丁基)-4-(2,6-二甲氧基苯基)-2,3-二氢苯并[d][1,3]氧磷杂环戊二烯 (S)-2,2'-双[双(3,5-三氟甲基苯基)膦基]-4,4',6,6'-四甲氧基联苯 (S)-1-[3,5-双(三氟甲基)苯基]-3-[1-(二甲基氨基)-3-甲基丁烷-2-基]硫脲 (R)富马酸托特罗定 (R)-(-)-盐酸尼古地平 (R)-(+)-7-双(3,5-二叔丁基苯基)膦基7''-[((6-甲基吡啶-2-基甲基)氨基]-2,2'',3,3''-四氢-1,1''-螺双茚满 (R)-3-(叔丁基)-4-(2,6-二苯氧基苯基)-2,3-二氢苯并[d][1,3]氧杂磷杂环戊烯 (R)-2-[((二苯基膦基)甲基]吡咯烷 (N-(4-甲氧基苯基)-N-甲基-3-(1-哌啶基)丙-2-烯酰胺) (5-溴-2-羟基苯基)-4-氯苯甲酮 (5-溴-2-氯苯基)(4-羟基苯基)甲酮 (5-氧代-3-苯基-2,5-二氢-1,2,3,4-oxatriazol-3-鎓) (4S,5R)-4-甲基-5-苯基-1,2,3-氧代噻唑烷-2,2-二氧化物-3-羧酸叔丁酯 (4-溴苯基)-[2-氟-4-[6-[甲基(丙-2-烯基)氨基]己氧基]苯基]甲酮 (4-丁氧基苯甲基)三苯基溴化磷 (3aR,8aR)-(-)-4,4,8,8-四(3,5-二甲基苯基)四氢-2,2-二甲基-6-苯基-1,3-二氧戊环[4,5-e]二恶唑磷 (2Z)-3-[[(4-氯苯基)氨基]-2-氰基丙烯酸乙酯 (2S,3S,5S)-5-(叔丁氧基甲酰氨基)-2-(N-5-噻唑基-甲氧羰基)氨基-1,6-二苯基-3-羟基己烷 (2S,2''S,3S,3''S)-3,3''-二叔丁基-4,4''-双(2,6-二甲氧基苯基)-2,2'',3,3''-四氢-2,2''-联苯并[d][1,3]氧杂磷杂戊环 (2S)-(-)-2-{[[[[3,5-双(氟代甲基)苯基]氨基]硫代甲基]氨基}-N-(二苯基甲基)-N,3,3-三甲基丁酰胺 (2S)-2-[[[[[[((1R,2R)-2-氨基环己基]氨基]硫代甲基]氨基]-N-(二苯甲基)-N,3,3-三甲基丁酰胺 (2-硝基苯基)磷酸三酰胺 (2,6-二氯苯基)乙酰氯 (2,3-二甲氧基-5-甲基苯基)硼酸 (1S,2S,3S,5S)-5-叠氮基-3-(苯基甲氧基)-2-[(苯基甲氧基)甲基]环戊醇 (1-(4-氟苯基)环丙基)甲胺盐酸盐 (1-(3-溴苯基)环丁基)甲胺盐酸盐 (1-(2-氯苯基)环丁基)甲胺盐酸盐 (1-(2-氟苯基)环丙基)甲胺盐酸盐 (-)-去甲基西布曲明 龙胆酸钠 龙胆酸叔丁酯 龙胆酸 龙胆紫 龙胆紫 齐达帕胺 齐诺康唑 齐洛呋胺 齐墩果-12-烯[2,3-c][1,2,5]恶二唑-28-酸苯甲酯 齐培丙醇 齐咪苯 齐仑太尔 黑染料 黄酮,5-氨基-6-羟基-(5CI) 黄酮,6-氨基-3-羟基-(6CI) 黄蜡,合成物 黄草灵钾盐