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(2R,3R,4R)-2-(羟基甲基)-3,4-二氢-2H-吡喃-3,4-二醇 | 21193-75-9

中文名称
(2R,3R,4R)-2-(羟基甲基)-3,4-二氢-2H-吡喃-3,4-二醇
中文别名
D-半乳糖烯;D-半乳醛
英文名称
D-galactal
英文别名
galactal;(2R,3R,4R)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran-3,4-diol;D-galactal triol
(2R,3R,4R)-2-(羟基甲基)-3,4-二氢-2H-吡喃-3,4-二醇化学式
CAS
21193-75-9;29485-85-6
化学式
C6H10O4
mdl
MFCD00038067
分子量
146.143
InChiKey
YVECGMZCTULTIS-HSUXUTPPSA-N
BEILSTEIN
——
EINECS
——
  • 物化性质
  • 计算性质
  • ADMET
  • 安全信息
  • SDS
  • 制备方法与用途
  • 上下游信息
  • 反应信息
  • 文献信息
  • 表征谱图
  • 同类化合物
  • 相关功能分类
  • 相关结构分类

物化性质

  • 熔点:
    99-103 °C (lit.)
  • 沸点:
    325.5±42.0 °C(Predicted)
  • 密度:
    1.414±0.06 g/cm3(Predicted)
  • 溶解度:
    可溶于乙腈(少许)、甲醇(少许)

计算性质

  • 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP):
    -1
  • 重原子数:
    10
  • 可旋转键数:
    1
  • 环数:
    1.0
  • sp3杂化的碳原子比例:
    0.666
  • 拓扑面积:
    69.9
  • 氢给体数:
    3
  • 氢受体数:
    4

安全信息

  • 危险品标志:
    Xi
  • 安全说明:
    S24/25,S26,S36
  • 危险类别码:
    R36/37/38
  • WGK Germany:
    3
  • 海关编码:
    2932999099
  • 危险性防范说明:
    P261,P305+P351+P338
  • 危险性描述:
    H315,H319,H335

SDS

SDS:c14c43938a59eb1a0f97691dee600d52
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制备方法与用途

概述

D-半乳糖烯又被称为全羟基半乳烯糖。通过四步化学反应可以从D-半乳糖制备得到。这些步骤可用于制备糖基供体3,4-O-异亚丙基-6-O-叔丁基二苯基甲硅烷基-D-半乳糖烯。

制备

具体步骤如下:

  1. 将20.0g(55.5mmol)D-半乳糖加入圆底烧瓶中,再加入4.0g无水乙酸钠和40.0ml乙酸酐,在回流条件下反应2小时。通过薄层层析法监测反应完全度(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=3:1)。冷却后将体系倒入冰水中搅拌300转/分钟,除去乙酸酐并减压抽滤得到固体产物a(全乙酰半乳糖),产率为83.2%。

  2. 将10.0g(25.6mmol)化合物a加入圆底烧瓶中,并在冰浴条件下用干燥的二氯甲烷溶解,滴加33%HBr-CH₃COOH。反应2小时后通过薄层层析法监测反应完全度,再以二氯甲烷稀释体系并加入饱和NaHCO₃溶液中和至中性。分层后保留有机层,用水洗两次,无水硫酸钠干燥有机层减压蒸馏得到化合物b(全乙酰半乳溴代糖),产率为87.1%。

  3. 在冰盐浴条件下将9.2g(22.3mmol)化合物b加入锌粉和50%醋酸溶液中反应4小时,通过薄层层析法监测反应完全度。然后以二氯甲烷稀释体系并减压抽滤除去锌粉,再用饱和碳酸氢钠调节pH至中性后分液,有机层用水洗两次,无水硫酸钠干燥有机层减压蒸馏得到化合物c(全乙酰半乳烯糖),产率为91.6%。

  4. 将5.5g(20.2mmol)化合物c加入圆底烧瓶中并加入84.0ml甲醇使其溶解,再加入0.55g甲醇钠,在常温下反应1-2小时。通过薄层层析法监测反应完全度后调节pH至中性或弱碱性,减压蒸馏除去多余溶剂旋干得到化合物d(D-半乳糖烯),产率为77.1%。

用途

重要砌块,用于寡糖的溶液和液固合成。

上下游信息

  • 上游原料
    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 分子量
  • 下游产品
    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 分子量
    • 1
    • 2

反应信息

  • 作为反应物:
    参考文献:
    名称:
    Synthesis of Asialo GM1. New Insights in the Application of Sulfonamidoglycosylation in Oligosaccharide Assembly:  Subtle Proximity Effects in the Stereochemical Governance of Glycosidation
    摘要:
    The total synthesis of asialo GM(1) (1a) has been accomplished, Using related chemistry, the methyl glycoside of the asialo compound (1b) has also been synthesized. These kinds of compounds have been identified as potential ligands for bacterial and viral infection sites, A simpler structure, which hits also been identified for its infection attracting structure in the context of glycopeptides and glycolipids (methyl glycoside 2), has also been synthesized. The key common phase in the syntheses involves the sulfonamidoglycosidation reaction which is used to create a beta-linkage leading to a galNAc residue joined to the C-4 hydroxyl group of a galactose unit either as a monosaccharide (see compound 2) or as C-4' in the contest of a lactosyl moiety, During the course of these studies there was encountered an unusual "proximal hydroxyl" directing effect. Thus, when C-4 on the galactose ring of an azaglycosylating donor bears a free hydroxyl (see, for instance, compound 13), beta-glycoside formation predominates. When this hydroxyl group is blocked, the process tends in the direction of alpha-glycoside formation (see compound 32), These findings were explained as arising from a critical intramolecular hydrogen bond between the C-4 axial hydroxyl of the galactose donor and its proximal pyranosidal ring oxygen. This interaction stabilizes conformations from which beta-glycosidation predominates.
    DOI:
    10.1021/ja9724957
  • 作为产物:
    参考文献:
    名称:
    锈普罗维登斯氏菌O34的O-多糖的三,六和七糖亚结构的全合成。
    摘要:
    描述了一种通用且有效的策略,用于合成锈锈菌O34的脂多糖的三糖,六糖和七糖亚结构。对于七糖,采用了七个不同的结构单元。该结构的特殊特征是一个α-连接的半乳​​糖胺和两个嵌入的α-岩藻糖单元,它们在3和-4位分支或在其2位进一步连接。收敛策略集中在[4 + 3],[3 + 4]和[4 + 2 + 1]耦合上。[4 + 3]和[3 + 4]耦合策略失败,而[4 + 2 + 1]策略成功。作为单糖结构单元,使用了三氯乙酰亚胺酸酯和磷酸盐。通过桦木反应实现了完全保护的结构的整体脱保护。
    DOI:
    10.1002/chem.202000496
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文献信息

  • Regioselective Benzoylation of Diols and Carbohydrates by Catalytic Amounts of Organobase
    作者:Yuchao Lu、Chenxi Hou、Jingli Ren、Xiaoting Xin、Hengfu Xu、Yuxin Pei、Hai Dong、Zhichao Pei
    DOI:10.3390/molecules21050641
    日期:——
    A novel metal-free organobase-catalyzed regioselective benzoylation of diols and carbohydrates has been developed. Treatment of diol and carbohydrate substrates with 1.1 equiv. of 1-benzoylimidazole and 0.2 equiv. of 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU) in MeCN under mild conditions resulted in highly regioselective benzoylation for the primary hydroxyl group. Importantly, compared to most commonly
    已经开发出一种新型的无金属有机碱催化的二醇和碳水化合物的区域选择性苯甲酰化。用 1.1 当量处理二醇和碳水化合物底物。1-苯甲酰咪唑和 0.2 当量。1,8-二氮杂双环[5.4.0] undec-7-ene (DBU) 在温和条件下在 MeCN 中的反应导致伯羟基的高度区域选择性苯甲酰化。重要的是,与最常用的伯羟基保护基团相比,苯甲酰基保护基团提供了一种新的保护策略。
  • Process for preparing nucleotide inhibitors of glycosyltransferases
    申请人:The Scripps Research Institute
    公开号:US05770407A1
    公开(公告)日:1998-06-23
    Nucleotide linked 2-deoxy-2-fluoroglycosides are employed as potent competitive inhibitors of glycosyltransferases. More particularly, uridine-5'-diphospho-2-deoxy-2-fluoro-galactose (UDP-2F-Gal), guanidine-5'-diphospho-2-deoxy-2-fluoro-L-fucose (GDP-2F-Fuc), uridine-51-diphospho-2-deoxy-2-fluoro-D-glucose (UDP-2F-Glu), guanosine-5'-diphospho-2-deoxy-2-fluoro-D-mannose (GDP-2F-Man), cytosine-5'-monophospho-2-deoxy-2-fluoro-D-sialic acid, and cytosine-5'-monophospho-2-deoxy-2-KDO may be employed as inhibitors of .beta.-1,4-galactosyltransferase, .alpha.-1,3-fucosyltransferase, glucosyltransferases, N-acetylglucosaminyltransferases, (.alpha.-mannosyltransferases, .alpha.-sialyltransferases, and KDO-transferases, respectively. Synthesis of nucleotide-linked-2-deoxy-2-fluoroglycosides is achieved using either chemoenzymatic or chemical methodologies.
    核苷酸连接的2-脱氧-2-氟糖苷被用作高效的糖基转移酶的竞争性抑制剂。特别是,尿苷-5'-二磷酸-2-脱氧-2-氟半乳糖(UDP-2F-Gal),鸟苷-5'-二磷酸-2-脱氧-2-氟-L-岩藻糖(GDP-2F-Fuc),尿苷-5'-二磷酸-2-脱氧-2-氟-D-葡萄糖(UDP-2F-Glu),鸟苷-5'-二磷酸-2-脱氧-2-氟-D-甘露糖(GDP-2F-Man),胞苷-5'-一磷酸-2-脱氧-2-氟-D-神经氨酸酸和胞苷-5'-一磷酸-2-脱氧-2-KDO可作为β-1,4-半乳糖基转移酶,α-1,3-岩藻糖基转移酶,葡萄糖基转移酶,N-乙酰葡萄糖胺基转移酶,(α-甘露糖基转移酶,α-神经氨酸酸基转移酶和KDO转移酶的抑制剂。核苷酸连接的2-脱氧-2-氟糖苷的合成可以通过化学酶法或化学方法实现。
  • [EN] TRITERPENE SAPONIN ANALOGUES<br/>[FR] ANALOGUES DE SAPONINE TRITERPÉNIQUE
    申请人:ADJUVANCE TECH INC
    公开号:WO2017079582A1
    公开(公告)日:2017-05-11
    The present application relates to triterpene glycoside saponin-derived adjuvants, syntheses thereof, and intermediates thereto. The application also provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising compounds of the present invention and methods of using said compounds or compositions in the treatment of and immunization for infectious diseases.
    本申请涉及三萜糖苷皂素来源的佐剂、其合成方法及其中间体。本申请还提供了包含本发明化合物的药物组合物,以及使用所述化合物或组合物治疗传染病和免疫接种的方法。
  • Copper Reactivity Can Be Tuned to Catalyze the Stereoselective Synthesis of 2-Deoxyglycosides from Glycals
    作者:Carlos Palo-Nieto、Abhijit Sau、Robin Jeanneret、Pierre-Adrien Payard、Aude Salamé、Maristela Braga Martins-Teixeira、Ivone Carvalho、Laurence Grimaud、M. Carmen Galan
    DOI:10.1021/acs.orglett.9b04525
    日期:2020.3.6
    We demonstrate that tuning the reactivity of Cu by the choice of oxidation state and counterion leads to the activation of both "armed" and "disarmed" type glycals toward direct glycosylation leading to the α-stereoselective synthesis of deoxyglycosides in good to excellent yields. Mechanistic studies show that CuI is essential for effective catalysis and stereocontrol and that the reaction proceeds
    我们证明,通过选择氧化态和抗衡离子来调节Cu的反应性会导致“武装”和“解除武装”型糖类朝着直接糖基化的活化,从而导致以良好的优良收率合成脱氧糖苷的α-立体选择性合成。机理研究表明,CuI对于有效催化和立体控制至关重要,并且该反应通过烯醇醚和OH亲核试剂的双重活化而进行。
  • [EN] RAPAMYCIN CARBOHYDRATE DERIVATIVES<br/>[FR] DERIVES DE RAPAMYCINE CARBOHYDRATE
    申请人:ISOTECHNIKA INTERNAT INC
    公开号:WO2004101583A1
    公开(公告)日:2004-11-25
    This invention provides modified rapamycins that have specific monosaccharide(s), oligosaccharide(s), pseudosugar(s) or derivatives thereof attached through a linker to create rapamycin carbohydrate derivatives having enhanced pharmacokinetic and/or pharmacodynamic profiles. For example, administration of the rapamycin carbohydrate derivative results in altered pharmacokinetic profiles and reduced toxicities. Thus, the present invention provides compounds with characteristics that are distinct from other drugs in its class such as rapamycin.
    这项发明提供了经过改良的雷帕霉素,其具有通过连接剂连接的特定单糖,寡糖,伪糖或其衍生物,从而创造出具有增强药代动力学和/或药效动力学特性的雷帕霉素糖衍生物。例如,给予雷帕霉素糖衍生物的治疗导致了改变的药代动力学特性和降低的毒性。因此,本发明提供了具有与其他同类药物(如雷帕霉素)不同特性的化合物。
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