gold(1+);3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-2-thiolate | 12192-57-3

• 物质功能分类: 生物化工 - 生化试剂 - 激动剂抑制剂
• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机氧化合物
• 英文名称: gold(1+);3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-2-thiolate
• CAS: 12192-57-3
• 化学式: C6H11AuO5S
• 分子量: 392.18
• InChiKey: XHVAWZZCDCWGBK-UHFFFAOYSA-M

物化性质

• 熔点：
  >107oC (dec.)
• 溶解度：
  H2O：可溶5mg/mL，澄清
• 颜色/状态：
  Yellow crystals
• 气味：
  Slight mercaptan-like odor
• 稳定性/保质期：
  Following the date of manufacture, sterile aurothioglucose suspension ... /has an expiration date/ of 5 years.

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  -2.67
• 重原子数：
  13
• 可旋转键数：
  1
• 环数：
  1.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  1.0
• 拓扑面积：
  91.2
• 氢给体数：
  4
• 氢受体数：
  6

ADMET

代谢

对于接受金钠硫代硫酸盐治疗的病人来说，尿液中主要的金物种是[Au(CN)2]-，这种物质也出现在血液的低分子量浸润中。同样的化合物也出现在服用硫酸醇的病人的尿液和血液中。

For a patient receiving gold sodium thiomalate the principal gold species in the urine is [Au(CN)2]-, which is also seen in a low molecular weight infiltrate of the blood. The same compound is also identified in the urine and blood of a patient taking solganol

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

代谢

接受金钠硫代硫酸盐治疗的病人尿中的主要金物种是[Au(CN)2]-，这也出现在血液的低分子量浸润中。同样的化合物也出现在服用硫酸醇的病人的尿液和血液中。

For a patient receiving gold sodium thiomalate the principal gold species in the urine is [Au(CN)2]-, which is also seen in a low molecular weight infiltrate of the blood. The same compound is also identified in the urine and blood of a patient taking solganol

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 致癌物分类

国际癌症研究机构致癌物：金硫葡萄糖

IARC Carcinogenic Agent:Aurothioglucose

来源:International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)

毒理性

• 致癌物分类

国际癌症研究机构（IARC）致癌物分类：第3组：无法归类其对人类致癌性

IARC Carcinogenic Classes:Group 3: Not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans

来源:International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)

毒理性

• 致癌物分类

国际癌症研究机构专著：第13卷：（1977年）一些杂项药物物质

IARC Monographs:Volume 13: (1977) Some Miscellaneous Pharmaceutical Substances

来源:International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)

毒理性

• 解毒与急救

如果出现中毒反应，应立即停止金疗法。在轻微反应的情况下，可能只需暂时停止注射SOLGANAL/金硫葡萄糖/悬液，然后以较小的剂量恢复治疗。

In the event of toxic reactions gold therapy should be discontinued immediately. In the presents of mild reactions, it may be sufficient to discontinue the administration of Solganal /aurothioglucose/ suspension for a short period and then to resume treatment with smaller doses.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 解毒与急救

皮炎和瘙痒可能对舒缓乳膏、其他适当的止痒治疗或局部糖皮质激素有反应。

Dermatitis and pruritus may respond to soothing lotions, other appropriate antipruritic treatment or topical glucocorticoids.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

吸收、分配和排泄

金化合物（包括金硫葡萄糖）的真实潜力尚未被明确界定，但可以肯定的是，与使用口服金化合物相比，在治疗期间，身体会保留大量金。

The true potential of gold compounds, including ... aurothioglucose, to cumumulate has not been clearly defined, but it is clear that substantially larger amounts of gold are retained in the body during therapy with parenteral gold compounds than during therapy with auranofin.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

吸收、分配和排泄

小剂量的金已经证明会分布到接受金硫葡萄糖的女性乳汁中...

Small amounts of gold have been shown to be distributed into milk in women receiving aurothioglucose ... .

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

吸收、分配和排泄

从注射部位吸收的金，在4到6小时内达到血液中的最高浓度。在两名患者中，每名患者单次肌肉注射50毫克Solganal（金硫葡萄糖）悬液后，一名患者的血清峰值水平约为235微克/分升，另一名患者为450微克/分升。在血浆中，95%与白蛋白部分结合。大约70%的金通过尿液排出，大约30%通过粪便排出。当遵循标准的每周治疗计划时，每周大约有40%的给药剂量被排出，其余的则在更长的时间内排出。

Gold is absorbed from injection sites, reaching peak concentration in blood in four to six hours. Following single intramuscular injection of 50 mg Solganal /aurothioglucose/ suspension in each of two patients, peak serum levels were about 235 mcg/dl in one patient and 450 mcg/dl in the other. In plasma, 95% is bound to albumin fraction. Approximately 70% of the gold is eliminated in the urine and approximately 30% in the feces. When a standard weekly treatment schedule is followed, approximately 40% of the administered dose is excreted each week, and the remainder is excreted over a longer period.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

吸收、分配和排泄

初始注射后，金血清水平会急剧上升，并在接下来的一周内下降。水剂制备的峰值水平高于油剂制备，并且下降得更快。每周给药会使基线值在几个月内持续上升，之后血清水平变得相对稳定。在标准每周剂量后，发现金水平在个体间有相当大的差异。当注射间隔延长时，金水平会稳步下降，并且在停止治疗数月后血清中仍可发现少量金。毒性反应的发生与体内金的总含量似乎无关。

After the initial injection, the serum level of gold rises sharply and declines over the next week. Peak levels with aqueous preparations are higher and decline faster than those with oily preparations. Weekly administration produces a continuous rise in the basal value for several months, after which the serum level becomes relatively stable. After a standard weekly dose, considerable individual variation in the levels of gold has been found. A steady decline in gold levels occurs when the interval between injections is lengthened, and small amounts may be found in the serum for months after discontinuance of therapy. The incidence of toxic reactions is apparently unrelated to the cumulative body content of gold.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

吸收、分配和排泄

金化合物的真正潜力，包括金硫葡萄糖在内，还没有被明确界定，但可以明确的是，与使用口服金化合物相比，在用注射金化合物治疗期间，体内保留的金量要大得多。

The true potential of gold compounds, including ... aurothioglucose, to cumumulate has not been clearly defined, but it is clear that substantially larger amounts of gold are retained in the body during therapy with parenteral gold compounds than during therapy with auranofin.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

安全信息

• 危险等级：
  6.1(b)
• 危险品标志：
  Xn
• 危险类别码：
  R42/43
• 危险品运输编号：
  2811
• WGK Germany：
  3
• 包装等级：
  III
• 危险类别：
  6.1(b)

制备方法与用途

生物活性方面，Aurothioglucose（黄金硫代葡萄糖）是公认的TrxR1活性位点抑制剂。它能够有效抑制HeLa细胞中的TrxR1活性，同时不对细胞的总体存活率产生影响。

类别

有毒物品

毒性分级

中毒

急性毒性

• 皮下注射于小鼠：LD50 = 1,650毫克/公斤
• 静脉注射于鸡：LD50 = 1,000毫克/公斤

可燃性危险特性

• 易燃，燃烧时会产生有毒的硫氧化物烟雾。
• 对人体可能产生的副作用包括恶心、呕吐和黄疸。

储运特性

应储存在通风良好且低温干燥的地方。

灭火剂

推荐使用干粉灭火器、泡沫灭火器、沙土、二氧化碳或喷雾水来扑灭相关火灾。