代谢
carvedilol是一种药物,可以通过细胞色素P450酶(CYP)进行生物转化。在1号位,carvedilol可以被CYP2D6、CYP1A2或CYP1A1羟基化,形成1-羟基苯基carvedilol;在4号位,carvedilol可以被CYP2D6、CYP2E1、CYP2C9或CYP3A4羟基化,形成4'-羟基苯基carvedilol;在5号位,carvedilol可以被CYP2D6、CYP2C9或CYP3A4羟基化,形成5'-羟基苯基carvedilol;在8号位,carvedilol可以被CYP1A2、CYP3A4和CYP1A1羟基化,形成8-羟基咔唑基carvedilol。carvedilol还可以通过CYP2C9、CYP2D6、CYP1A2或CYP2E1进行去甲基化,形成O-去甲基carvedilol。carvedilol及其代谢物在排泄前可能还会进行进一步的硫酸盐结合或葡萄糖醛酸化。carvedilol可以通过UGT1A1、UGT2B4和UGT2B7进行O-葡萄糖醛酸化,形成carvedilol葡萄糖醛酸苷。
Carvedilol can be hydroxlated at the 1 position by CYP2D6, CYP1A2, or CYP1A1 to form 1-hydroxypheylcarvedilol; at the 4 position by CYP2D6, CYP2E1, CYP2C9, or CYP3A4 to form 4'-hydroxyphenylcarvedilol; at the 5 position by CYP2D6, CYP2C9, or CYP3A4 to form 5'-hydroxyphenylcarvedilol; and at the 8 position by CYP1A2, CYP3A4, and CYP1A1 to form 8-hydroxycarbazolylcarvedilol. Carvedilol can also be demethylated by CYP2C9, CYP2D6, CYP1A2, or CYP2E1 to form O-desmethylcarvedilol. Carvedilol and its metabolites may undergo further sulfate conjugation or glucuronidation before elimination. Carvedilol can be O-glucuronidated by UGT1A1, UGT2B4, and UGT2B7 to form carvedilol glucuronide.
来源:DrugBank