The main metabolic pathway for metabolism of TGME and TGEE (and presumably the category members) is oxidation via alcohol dehydrogenase that leads to the formation of an alkoxy acid. A second important route of metabolism is oxidation by P-450 mixed function oxidases (O-dealkylation) that lead to the formation of triethylene glycol (TEG). TEG may be oxidized to a carboxylic acid. The principal metabolite of TGME is believed to be 2-[2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethoxy] acetic acid.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
副作用
神经毒素 - 急性溶剂综合征
Neurotoxin - Acute solvent syndrome
来源:Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases
毒理性
人类毒性摘录
/流行病学研究/ 乙二醇醚(EGEs)包括二甘醇,用于半导体的制造。对半导体人群的流行病学研究评估了潜在的负面生殖结果。... 在这些研究中,工人接触到的混合物包括二甘醇,但没有单独接触二甘醇。... 通过调查问卷了解受试者关于所从事工作的信息以及对工作环境的工业卫生专家评估来确定EGEs的接触,但没有进行个人或区域接触的测量。认为在制造区的工人接触到了EGEs。对于回顾性研究,通过全面的面访式访谈女性员工,获得了怀孕结果和潜在混杂因素(年龄、吸烟、种族、教育、收入、怀孕年份和压力)的信息。对早期胎儿丢失和生育力(每个月经周期的受孕概率)的前瞻性研究是在五个工厂的女性员工子集中进行的。除了全面访谈外,还收集了为期6个月的每日日记和每日尿液中人绒毛膜促性腺激素(hCG)水平的测量。在回顾性研究中确定的891例医学确认的怀孕中,774例(86.9%)为活产,113例(12.7%)为自然流产,4例(0.4%)为死产。自然流产的总体未调整相对风险(RR)为1.45(95%置信区间[CI] = 1.02-2.05),在调整混杂因素后变化不大(调整后的RR = 1.43;95% CI = 0.95-2.09)。按工作组分层时,光刻组女性工人自然流产的风险统计学上显著增加(RR = 1.67;95% CI = 1.04-2.55),蚀刻组也是如此(RR = 2.08;95% CI = 1.27-3.19)。对于仅在掩模中接触较高水平EGE的女性,自然流产的风险增加了3倍(RR = 3.38;95% CI = 1.61-5.73)。在前瞻性研究中,制造区工人与非制造区工人之间自然流产的整体率没有统计学上的显著差异,或者在工作组中检查怀孕结果时也没有差异。然而,接触EGEs的女性工人的受孕能力较低(生育率[FR] = 0.37;95% CI = 0.11-1.19)。 /乙二醇醚/
/EPIDEMIOLOGY STUDIES/ Ethylene glycol ethers (EGEs) including diglyme are used in the manufacture of semiconductors. Epidemiological studies of semiconductor populations evaluated potential adverse reproductive outcomes. ... In each of these studies, workers were exposed to mixtures including diglyme but not to diglyme alone. ... Exposure to EGEs was determined using questionnaires from subjects about the work performed and an assessment of the work environment by industrial hygienists, but no measurements of personal or area exposures were made. Workers in the fabrication area were considered exposed to EGEs. For the retrospective study, information on pregnancy outcomes and potential confounders (age, smoking, ethnicity, education, income, year of pregnancy, and stress) was obtained through a comprehensive interviewer-administered interview of female employees. The prospective study of early fetal loss and fecundity (probability of conception per menstrual cycle) was conducted in a subset of female employees from five plants. Daily diaries and measurements of daily urinary human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) levels for 6 months were collected in addition to the comprehensive interview. Of the 891 medically verified pregnancies identified for the retrospective study, 774 (86.9%) were live births, 113 (12.7%) were spontaneous abortions, and 4 (0.4%) were stillbirths. The overall unadjusted relative risk (RR) for spontaneous abortions was 1.45 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.02-2.05) and changed little after adjusting for confounders (adjusted RR =1.43; 95% CI = 0.95-2.09). When stratified by work group, the risk of spontaneous abortion was statistically significantly increased for female workers in the photolithography group (RR = 1.67; 95% CI = 1.04-2.55) and in the etching group (RR = 2.08; 95% CI = 1.27-3.19). For women working with higher levels of EGE only in masking, the risk for spontaneous abortion was increased 3-fold (RR = 3.38; 95% CI = 1.61-5.73). In the prospective study, no statistically significant differences were detected in the overall rate of spontaneous abortions between fabrication and non-fabrication workers or when pregnancy outcomes were examined by work group. However, the ability to conceive was lower among female workers exposed to EGEs (fertility rate [FR] = 0.37; 95% CI = 0.11-1.19). /Ethylene glycol ethers/
/BIOMONITORING/ In the present study, floor lacquerers' (n = 22) inhalation and total exposure to 2-(2-alkoxy)ethoxyethanols was measured. The measurements of inhalation exposure were done with charcoal tubes, and total exposure was biomonitored by urinalysis of 2-(2-alkoxyethoxy)acetic acids. The 8 hr inhalation exposures of floor lacquerers to 2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethanol (DEGME), 2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethanol (DEGEE) and 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol (DEGBE) were in average 0.23 +/- 0.07 ppm (average +/-S.D., n = 3), 0.08 +/- 0.07 ppm (n = 16), and 0.05 +/- 0.03 ppm (n = 16), respectively. The excretions of 2-(2-methoxyethoxy)acetic acid (MEAA), 2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)acetic acid (EEAA) and 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)acetic acid (BEAA) were in average 4.9 +/- 4.3 mmol/mol creatinine, 9.3 +/- 8.0 mmol/mol creatinine and 9.2 +/- 7.4 mmol/mol creatinine, respectively. A linear relationship was found between the urinary 2-(2-alkoxyethoxy)acetic acid concentrations and the preceding 8-hr occupational exposure to 2-(2-alkoxyethoxy)ethanol.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
非人类毒性摘录
实验室动物:急性暴露/大鼠接触基本饱和蒸气8小时未引起显著影响。
/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ Exposure of rats to essentially saturated vapor for 8 hr caused no significant effects.
/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ 2.0 g/kg of triethylene glycol monomethyl ether was applied to intact and abraded skin of New Zealand White rabbit and covered for 24 hours. Dermal reactions were evaluated by the Draize technique. Intact skin: erythema in 4/5 rabbits, edema in 0/5 rabbits. Abraded skin: erythema in 1/5 rabbits; edema in 1/5 rabbits. Observations at necropsy included mottled liver, pocked kidneys and bloated large intestine.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
吸收、分配和排泄
它通过皮肤慢慢被吸收。在出现严重效果之前,需要大面积的皮肤长时间暴露。
It is slowly absorbed through skin. Excessive exposure involving large areas of skin for extended periods of time would be required before serious effects would be expected.
The penetration of triethylene glycol monomethyl ether (TGME) through human skin was studied in vitro using the epidermis from human abdominal skin. An area of 2.54 sq cm was exposed in a glass diffusion apparatus for treatment. The diffusion rate for TGME is 34 ug/sq cm/hr.
1.周国泰,化学危险品安全技术全书,化学工业出版社,1997 2.国家环保局有毒化学品管理办公室、北京化工研究院合编,化学品毒性法规环境数据手册,中国环境科学出版社.1992 3.Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety,CHEMINFO Database.1998 4.Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety, RTECS Database, 1989
相对于p型对应物,作为有机电化学晶体管(OECT)的半导体成分的N型共轭聚合物仍未开发。在这里,我们报道了两个带有寡聚乙二醇(OEG)侧链的刚性n型共轭聚合物PgNaN和PgNgN,它们证明了基本无扭转的π共轭骨架。平面性和电子不足的刚性结构使所得的聚合物能够在高达10 -3 cm 2 V -1 s -1范围的OECT装置中实现高电子迁移率,而深层的LUMO能级低于-4.0 eV。突出地,聚合物表现出高器件性能,最大尺寸归一化跨导为0.212 S cm -1电荷载流子迁移率μ与体积电容C *的乘积为0.662±0.113 F cm -1 V -1 s -1,是迄今为止报道的n型共轭聚合物中最高的。此外,这些聚合物是通过无金属的醛醇缩合聚合反应合成的,这有利于它们在生物电子学中的应用。
[EN] ALPHA-KETOAMIDE DERIVATIVE, AND PRODUCTION METHOD AND USE THEREOF<br/>[FR] DERIVE D'ALPHA-CETOAMIDE, SON PROCEDE DE PRODUCTION ET D'UTILISATION
申请人:SENJU PHARMA CO
公开号:WO2005056519A1
公开(公告)日:2005-06-23
The present invention provides a compound represented by the formula (I): (INSERT CHEMICAL FORMULA) (wherein R1 is a lower alkyl substituted by a lower alkoxy or a heterocyclic group, or a heterocyclic group; R2 is a lower alkyl optionally substituted by a phenyl; and R3 is a lower alkyl optionally substituted by a halogen, a lower alkoxy or a phenyl, or a fused polycyclic hydrocarbon group), which is well absorbed orally, exhibits durability of good blood level and has potent calpain inhibitory activity.
Disassembly of conjugated polyelectrolyte aggregates and their application for colorimetric detection of surfactants in water
作者:Zhiyi Yao、Yugang Li、Chun Li、Gaoquan Shi
DOI:10.1039/c0cc02678f
日期:——
A colorimetric strategy based on conjugated polyelectrolyte aggregates has been applied to determine and distinguish anionic, cationic and non-ionic surfactants.
基于共轭聚电解质聚集体的比色策略已被应用于检测和区分阴离子、阳离子和非离子表面活性剂。
Synthesis and Hydrolysis Behavior of Side-Chain Functionalized Norbornenes
作者:Joseph R. Carlise、Robert M. Kriegel、William S. Rees,、Marcus Weck
DOI:10.1021/jo050556a
日期:2005.7.1
various functionalizednorbornenes that are monomers for the ring-openingmetathesispolymerization (ROMP) in aqueous solution were evaluated toward hydrolysis under a range of temperatures (37, 60, and 80 °C) and pH values (3−9). All monomers contain hydrolyzable linkages to pendant functional groups, and conclusions were drawn relating to how the chemical diversity of these pendant functional groups
[EN] A CONJUGATE OF A TUBULYSIN ANALOG WITH BRANCHED LINKERS<br/>[FR] CONJUGUÉ D'UN ANALOGUE DE TUBULYSINE AVEC DES LIEURS RAMIFIÉS
申请人:HANGZHOU DAC BIOTECH CO LTD
公开号:WO2019127607A1
公开(公告)日:2019-07-04
The present invention relates to the conjugation of a tubulysin analog compound to a cell-binding molecule with branched/side-chain linkers for having better delivery of the conjugate compound and targeted treatment of abnormal cells. It also relates to a branched-linkage method of conjugation of a tubulysin analog molecule to a cell-binding ligand, as well as methods of using the conjugate in targeted treatment of cancer, infection and autoimmune disease.