贵金属催化剂在工业化学和生物医学领域扮演着重要角色。它们通常由铂族金属(如铂、钯、铑)、金等贵金属组成,因其独特的催化性能而受到广泛关注。
1. 催化机制贵金属催化剂通过吸附反应物并降低活化能来促进化学反应,其表面活性位点能够与底物发生选择性相互作用。这些催化剂具有高度的热稳定性以及良好的化学和物理耐受性,可在高温、高压等苛刻条件下工作。
2. 应用领域近年来,对新型贵金属合金、纳米结构以及负载型催化剂的探索进一步提高了贵金属催化剂的选择性与活性。此外,采用先进的表面修饰技术和定向自组装方法也有助于改善其性能并降低成本。
4. 挑战与未来展望尽管贵金属催化剂展现了巨大的应用前景,但高昂的价格和资源稀缺性仍然是限制其广泛应用的主要因素之一。因此,在维持高效催化功能的同时减少贵金属用量、开发低成本替代材料成为当前研究的重要方向。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
---|---|---|---|---|
钯(II)丙酸盐 | Palladium(II) propionate | 3386-65-0 | C6H10O4Pd |
|
苯甲酰基二茂铁 | benzoylferrocene | 1272-44-2 | C17H14FeO |
|
水合溴化镱(III) | hydrated Yb(III) bromide | 15163-03-8 | (x)Br3Yb*(x)H2O |
|
氰化钯(II) | palladium(II) cyanide | 2035-66-7 | C2N2Pd |
|
氯化三(三苯基膦)铜(I) | tris(triphenylphosphino)copper(I) chloride | 15709-76-9 | C54H45ClCuP3 |
|
氯[(三环己基膦)-2-(2-氨基联苯)]钯(II) | PCy3 Pd G2 | 1353658-81-7 | C30H43ClNPPd |
|
氯(二甲基硫化)金(I) | chloro(dimethylsulfide) gold(I) | 29892-37-3 | C2H6AuClS |
|
戴斯-马丁氧化剂 | Dess-Martin periodane | 87413-09-0 | C13H13IO8 |
|
异丁基钠黄药 | sodium isobutyl xanthate | 25306-75-6 | C5H9OS2*Na |
|
四氨基钯合四氯化钯 | Vauquelin's salt | 13820-44-5 | Cl4Pd*H12N4Pd |
|
四氨合-(SP-4-1)-钯氢氧化物(1:2) | Tetraamminepalladium(2+) dihydroxide | 68413-68-3 | H14N4O2Pd |
|
四氧镍酸二铁 | Diiron nickel tetraoxide | 12168-54-6 | Fe2Ni2O5 |
|
反式双(三苯基膦)二氯溴钯(II) | bis(triphenylphosphine)palladium dibromide | 22180-53-6 | C36H30Br2P2Pd |
|
反式-溴(N-琥珀酰亚胺基)双(三苯基膦)钯(II) | bromobis(triphenylphosphine)(N-succinimide)palladiun(II) | 1004522-36-4 | C40H34BrNO2P2Pd |
|
催化剂 | Rhodium, bis(acetonitrile)tetrakis[mu-[methyl 2-(oxo-kappaO)-4-oxazolidinecarboxylato-kappaN3]]di-, (Rh-Rh), stereoisomer | 167693-36-9 | C24H30N6O16Rh2 |
|
亚硝酰基硝酸合钌 | azanylidyneoxidanium;ruthenium(2+);trinitrate | 34513-98-9 | N4O10Ru |
|
二氯化二氨络钯氯化氨钯 | trans-diamminedichloride palladium(II) | 14323-43-4 | Cl2H6N2Pd |
|
二氯二羰基双(三苯基膦)钌 | dicarbonyldichlorobis(triphenylphosphine)ruthenium(II) | 14564-35-3 | C38H30Cl2O2P2Ru |
|
二氯(荚)钌(II)双聚体 | [(η-1,3,5-C6H3Me3)RuCl2]2 | 52462-31-4 | C18H24Cl4Ru2 |
|
二氨合二碘钯 | trans diiodo diammine palladium (II) | 14219-60-4 | H6I2N2Pd |
|
二亚硝基二氨合钯; | azane;palladium(2+);dinitrite | 28068-05-5 | H6N4O4Pd |
|
二-μ-氯双[2-[(二甲氨基)甲基]苯基-C,N]二钯(Ⅱ) | [(dimethylbenzylaminato(1-))Pd(μ-Cl)]2 | 18987-59-2 | C18H24Cl2N2Pd2 |
|
二-μ-氯二甲基双(三苯基膦)二钯 | Pd2(CH3)2(μ-Cl)2(PPh3)2 | 289634-43-1 | C38H36Cl2P2Pd2 |
|
乙二醇二甲醚溴化镍 | nickel(II) bromide dimethoxyethane | 28923-39-9 | C4H10Br2NiO2 |
|
乙二胺四乙酸二钠锌 | Zink-ethylendiamin-tetraacetat | 12519-36-7 | C10H12N2O8*2Zn |
|
[Pd(1,5-COD)(新戊基)(Cl)] | [PdCl(neopentyl)(1,5-COD)] | 935838-06-5 | C13H23ClPd |
|
[(S)-2,2'-双(二苯基磷)-1,1'-联萘]二氯化钌(II) | (R)-BINAP-RuCl2 | 134524-84-8 | C44H32Cl2P2Ru |
|
3-二茂铁酰基丙酸 | Ferrocene, (3-carboxy-1-oxopropyl)- | 1291-72-1 | C14H14FeO3 |
|
3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8-十三氟-1-辛醇 | 1H,1H,2H,2H-tridecafluoro-n-octanol | 647-42-7 | C8H5F13O |
|
1,1'-二乙酰基二茂铁 | Ferrocene, 1,1'-diacetyl- | 1273-94-5 | C14H14FeO2-6 |
|
1,1'-二乙基二茂铁 | 1,1'-diethylferrocene | 1273-97-8 | C14H18Fe |
|
1,1'-二丁基-二茂铁 | 1,1'-di-n-butylferrocenium | 1274-08-4 | C18H26Fe |
|
(S)-(4-异丙基恶唑啉-2-基)二茂铁 | (S)-2-ferrocenyl-4-(1-methylethyl)oxazoline | 162157-03-1 | C16H19FeNO |
|
(2,4-环戊二烯-1-基)(苯基-2-丙烯基)-钯 | Pd(η<sup>3</sup>-1-PhC<sub>3</sub>H<sub>4</sub>)(η<sup>5</sup>-C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>5</sub>) | 105333-10-6 | C14H14Pd |
|
(1,5-环辛二烯)溴化钯 | cis-dibromo-(cyclooctadiene)palladium(II) | 12145-47-0 | C8H12Br2Pd |
|
—— | Milstein's catalyst | 863971-62-4 | C20H36ClN2OPRu |
|
—— | 12H-Dibenzo[d,g][1,3,2]dioxaphosphocin, 2,4,8,10-tetrakis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-6-hydroxy-, 6-oxide, sodium salt (1:1) | 85209-91-2 | C29H43NaO4P+ |
|
—— | Sodium;butan-2-yloxymethanedithioic acid | 25306-75-6 | C5H10NaOS2+ |
|
—— | Trans-Dichlorodiammine Palladium (II) | 13782-33-7 | Cl2H4N2Pd |
|
—— | sodium 2,2'-methylenebis(4,6 di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphate | 85209-91-2 | C29H42O4P*Na |
|
—— | 2-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-6-hydroxy-4-oxo-4h-pyran-3-carboxylic acid | 16801-05-1 | C12H6Cl2O5 |
|
—— | Dilithium tetrachloropalladate(2-) | 15525-45-8 | Cl4LiPd- |
|
—— | Dichlorodi-mu-chlorobis[(1,2,3,6,7,8-eta-2,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadiene-1,8-diyl]diruthenium(IV) | 34801-97-3 | C20H34Cl4Ru2-2 |
|
—— | potassium hydrogen salt of methyliminodiacetic acid | 10025-99-7 | C5H8NO4*K |
|
—— | tetrakis(tris(2-methyl)phenyl)phosphinepalladium | 175164-86-0 | C84H84P4Pd |
|
—— | [(Pd(μ-Cl)(κ(2)-P,C-P(OC6H2-2,4-tBu2)(OC6H3-2,4-tBu2)2))2] | 217189-40-7 | C84H124Cl2O6P2Pd2 |
|
—— | Zinc-EDTA | 12519-36-7 | C10H12N2O8Zn2 |
|
—— | Chloro[(1,2,5,6-eta)-1,5-cyclooctadiene](2,2-dimethylpropyl)palladium | 935838-06-5 | C13H23ClPd |
|
—— | Dibromo[(S)-(-)-2,2'-bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1'-binaphthyl]palladium(II) | 366488-99-5 | C44H34Br2P2Pd+2 |
|
—— | Cyclopentane;cyclopentyl(phenyl)methanone;iron | 1272-44-2 | C17H24FeO |
|