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十三烷 | 629-50-5

中文名称
十三烷
中文别名
正十三烷;正十三烷烃
英文名称
Tridecane
英文别名
n-tridecane
十三烷化学式
CAS
629-50-5
化学式
C13H28
mdl
MFCD00008979
分子量
184.365
InChiKey
IIYFAKIEWZDVMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
BEILSTEIN
——
EINECS
——
  • 物化性质
  • 计算性质
  • ADMET
  • 安全信息
  • SDS
  • 制备方法与用途
  • 上下游信息
  • 反应信息
  • 文献信息
  • 表征谱图
  • 同类化合物
  • 相关功能分类
  • 相关结构分类

物化性质

  • 熔点:
    -6--4 °C (lit.)
  • 沸点:
    110-112 °C/12 mmHg (lit.) 234 °C (lit.)
  • 密度:
    0.756 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
  • 蒸气密度:
    6.4 (vs air)
  • 闪点:
    215 °F
  • LogP:
    7.331 (est)
  • 物理描述:
    Tridecane appears as an oily straw yellow clear liquid with a hydrocarbon odor. Flash point 190-196°F. Specific gravity 0.76. Boiling point 456°F. Repeated or prolonged skin contact may irritate or redden skin, progressing to dermatitis. Exposure to high concentrations of vapor may result in headache and stupor.
  • 颜色/状态:
    Colorless liquid
  • 气味:
    Hydrocarbon odor
  • 溶解度:
    4.7e-06 mg/mL at 25 °C
  • 蒸汽压力:
    0.0375 mm Hg at 25 °C
  • 大气OH速率常数:
    1.60e-11 cm3/molecule*sec
  • 稳定性/保质期:
    - 远离氧化物。 - 它存在于烤烟烟叶、香料烟烟叶以及烟气中。
  • 分解:
    When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes.
  • 粘度:
    1.724 mPa s at 25 °C
  • 汽化热:
    66.68 kJ/mol at 25 °C
  • 表面张力:
    25.55 mN/m at 25 °C
  • 折光率:
    Index of refraction: 1.4256 at 20 °C/D
  • 保留指数:
    1300

计算性质

  • 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP):
    6.6
  • 重原子数:
    13
  • 可旋转键数:
    10
  • 环数:
    0.0
  • sp3杂化的碳原子比例:
    1.0
  • 拓扑面积:
    0
  • 氢给体数:
    0
  • 氢受体数:
    0

ADMET

代谢
替代燃料正在被考虑用于民用和军事用途。其中之一是S-8,这是一种使用费舍尔-托普施过程合成的替代喷气燃料,它不含有芳香化合物,主要由直链和支链烷烃组成。实验室动物中S-8燃料的代谢物尚未被识别。本研究的目标是识别雄性Fischer 344大鼠暴露于气溶胶化的S-8和一种设计的直链烷烃/多环芳烃混合物(癸烷、十一烷、十二烷、十三烷、十四烷、十五烷、萘和2-甲基萘)后的代谢产物。收集的血和组织样本被分析,寻找从7到15个碳原子的70种直链和支链醇和酮。在S-8暴露后,血液、肺、大脑和脂肪中没有观察到燃料代谢物。在肝脏、尿液和粪便中检测到了代谢物。大多数代谢物是显著烃的2-和3-位置醇和酮,1-或4-位置的代谢物非常少。在暴露于烷烃混合物后,血液、肝脏和肺中观察到了代谢物。有趣的是,仅在肺组织中观察到重代谢物(3-十三酮、2-十三醇和2-十四醇),这可能表明代谢发生在肺部。除了这些重代谢物外,本研究观察到的代谢轮廓与先前报告个别烷烃代谢的研究一致。需要进一步的工作来确定母体、初级和次级代谢物之间的潜在代谢相互作用,并识别更多极性代谢物。一些代谢物可能具有作为燃料暴露生物标志物的潜在用途。
Alternative fuels are being considered for civilian and military uses. One of these is S-8, a replacement jet fuel synthesized using the Fischer-Tropsch process, which contains no aromatic compounds and is mainly composed of straight and branched alkanes. Metabolites of S-8 fuel in laboratory animals have not been identified. The goal of this study was to identify metabolic products from exposure to aerosolized S-8 and a designed straight-chain alkane/polyaromatic mixture (decane, undecane, dodecane, tridecane, tetradecane, pentadecane, naphthalene, and 2-methylnaphthalene) in male Fischer 344 rats. Collected blood and tissue samples were analyzed for 70 straight and branched alcohols and ketones ranging from 7 to 15 carbons. No fuel metabolites were observed in the blood, lungs, brain, and fat following S-8 exposure. Metabolites were detected in the liver, urine, and feces. Most of the metabolites were 2- and 3-position alcohols and ketones of prominent hydrocarbons with very few 1- or 4-position metabolites. Following exposure to the alkane mixture, metabolites were observed in the blood, liver, and lungs. Interestingly, heavy metabolites (3-tridecanone, 2-tridecanol, and 2-tetradecanol) were observed only in the lung tissues possibly indicating that metabolism occurred in the lungs. With the exception of these heavy metabolites, the metabolic profiles observed in this study are consistent with previous studies reporting on the metabolism of individual alkanes. Further work is needed to determine the potential metabolic interactions of parent, primary, and secondary metabolites and identify more polar metabolites. Some metabolites may have potential use as biomarkers of exposure to fuels.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
代谢
在Corynebacterium petrophilum SB 4082的腺嘌呤营养缺陷型中,研究了文化条件对肌苷生产的影响。肌苷的产生依赖于培养基中腺嘌呤的量。向100 mL培养基中添加10 mg腺嘌呤和0.5 g酵母提取物是肌苷形成的最佳条件。氯化铵或硫酸铵作为氮源是有效的。十三烷被用作碳源。
The effect of cultural conditions on inosine production were investigated in the adenine auxotroph of Corynebacterium petrophilum SB 4082. The inosine production was dependent upon the amount of adenine in the medium. The addition of 10 mg adenine and 0.5 g of yeast extract to 100 mL of medium was optimal for inosine formation. Ammonium chloride or ammonium sulfate were effective as nitrogen sources. Tridecane was utilized as a carbon source.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
  • 毒性总结
识别和使用:正十三烷是一种无色液体。它用于有机合成、喷气燃料研究、石蜡产品的制造、橡胶工业、造纸加工工业、作为溶剂和蒸馏追踪剂。人类暴露和毒性:在工业使用过程中,正十三烷可能通过吸入、摄入或皮肤吸收而对人体有害。动物研究:在猪的皮肤刺激性研究中,经过连续四天的暴露后观察到明显的红斑。在兔子皮肤暴露于正十三烷时,它产生的温度和电容增加程度在所有时间点上都高于JP-8喷气燃料的所有其他成分。经过350纳米以上波长的紫外线辐射处理后,处理过的老鼠背部出现了肿瘤,这通常被认为是非致癌的。当被吸入肺部时,正十三烷是一种窒息剂。它可能导致死亡和化学性肺炎。以下遗传毒性研究为阴性:在大叙利亚仓鼠胚胎细胞的细胞转化和与苯并(a)芘的共转化以及在大叙利亚仓鼠胚胎细胞的细胞间通讯研究中。
IDENTIFICATION AND USE: N-tridecane is a colorless liquid. It is used in organic synthesis, jet-fuel research, manufacturing of paraffin products, the rubber industry, the paper processing industry, as a solvent and distillation chaser. HUMAN EXPOSURE AND TOXICITY: Tridecane may be harmful by inhalation, ingestion, or skin absorption during industrial use. ANIMAL STUDIES: In dermal irritation study in pigs significant erythema was observed after 4-day repeated daily exposure. In rabbits dermally exposed to tridecane it produced a greater increase in temperature and capacitance at all time points than all the other components of JP-8 jet fuel. Mice treated with tridecane developed tumors on their backs, after exposure to ultraviolet radiation at wavelengths longer than 350 nm, generally considered noncarcinogenic. When aspirated into the lungs, tridecane is an asphyxiant. It can cause death and chemical pneumonitis. The following genotoxicity studies were negative: Cell transformation and cotransformation with benzo(a)pyrene on Syrian hamster embryo cells, and intercellular communication on Syrian hamster embryo cells.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
  • 毒性数据
LC50(rat) >41 ppm/8H 大白鼠急性经口毒性LC50>41毫克/千克/8小时
LC50(rat) >41 ppm/8H
来源:Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases
毒理性
  • 解毒与急救
/SRP:/ 立即急救:确保已经进行了充分的中和。如果患者停止呼吸,请开始人工呼吸,最好使用需求阀复苏器、袋阀面罩装置或口袋面罩,按训练操作。如有必要,执行心肺复苏。立即用缓慢流动的水冲洗受污染的眼睛。不要催吐。如果发生呕吐,让患者前倾或将其置于左侧(如果可能的话,头部向下)以保持呼吸道畅通,防止吸入。保持患者安静,维持正常体温。寻求医疗帮助。 /脂肪烃及其相关化合物/
/SRP:/ Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand-valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR as necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Aliphatic hydrocarbons and related compounds/
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
  • 解毒与急救
/SRP:/ 基本治疗:建立专利气道(如有需要,使用口咽或鼻咽气道)。如有必要,进行吸痰。观察呼吸不足的迹象,如有必要,协助通气。通过非循环呼吸面罩以10至15升/分钟的速度给予氧气。监测肺水肿,并在必要时进行治疗……。预见并治疗癫痫发作……。对于眼睛污染,立即用水冲洗眼睛。在运输过程中,用0.9%的生理盐水(NS)连续冲洗每只眼睛……。不要使用催吐剂。对于摄入,如果患者能够吞咽、有强烈的干呕反射且不流口水,则用水冲洗口腔,并给予5毫升/千克,最多200毫升的水进行稀释。给予活性炭……。使用快速复温技术治疗冻伤……。/脂肪烃及其相关化合物/
/SRP:/ Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat as necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. Administer activated charcoal ... . Treat frostbite with rapid rewarming techniques ... . /Aliphatic hydrocarbons and related compounds/
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
  • 解毒与急救
/SRP:/ 高级治疗:对于无意识、严重肺水肿或严重呼吸困难的病人,考虑进行口咽或鼻咽气管插管以控制气道。使用带阀口罩装置的正压通气技术可能有益。考虑使用药物治疗肺水肿……监测心率和必要时治疗心律失常……开始静脉输液,使用5%葡萄糖水(D5W)滴注/"保持开放",最低流速/。如果出现低血容量的迹象,使用0.9%生理盐水(NS)或乳酸钠林格液(LR)。对于伴有低血容量迹象的低血压,谨慎给予液体。注意液体过载的迹象……用安定(Valium)或劳拉西泮(Ativan)治疗癫痫……使用丙美卡因盐酸协助眼部冲洗……/脂肪烃及其相关化合物/
/SRP:/ Advanced treatment: Consider orortracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag-valve-mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start an IV with D5W TKO /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. lWatch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam (Valium) or lorazepam (Ativan) ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Aliphatic hydrocarbons and related compounds/
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
吸收、分配和排泄
本研究的目的旨在调查JP-8通过猪耳皮肤和人体皮肤在体外的经皮吸收情况,并研究JP-8暴露对尤卡坦迷你猪皮肤屏障功能和刺激性的影响。使用掺有5.0微Ci放射性标记的(14)C十三烷、壬烷、萘或甲苯(JP-8的选定组分)的JP-8进行体外经皮吸收研究,使用离体的猪耳皮肤和人体皮肤。对于活体研究,将250微升的JP-8或其两个组分(甲苯或壬烷)放入Hill顶室®中,并将其固定在标记的治疗区域上,持续24小时。在贴片移除前以及移除后1、2和24小时评估经皮水分丢失(TEWL)、皮肤电容(含水量)和皮肤刺激性(红斑和水肿)。JP-8的组分如十三烷、壬烷、萘和甲苯显著透过猪耳皮肤和人体皮肤,发现其渗透率与其在JP-8中的组成比例成正比。十三烷在猪耳皮肤和人体皮肤的稳态通量值没有显著差异(P>0.05)。尽管壬烷、萘和甲苯的稳态通量值在猪和人体皮肤之间有统计学差异(P<0.01),但考虑到经皮吸收研究中通常观察到的大幅变化,这些值是相近的。应用甲苯、壬烷或JP-8后,TEWL增加,JP-8增加最多(在24小时时是基线的3.5倍)。应用JP-8后,皮肤含水量有所下降,尽管与基线水平相比差异不显著(P>0.05)。JP-8引起了中等程度红斑和中等至严重的水肿。尽管水肿在24小时后有所减轻,但红斑的程度直到24小时时基本保持不变。JP-8引起的皮肤刺激性大于纯甲苯或壬烷。甲苯、壬烷和JP-8的TEWL数据与皮肤刺激性数据(红斑和水肿)相关性良好。含有数百种脂肪族和芳香族烃类的JP-8的暴露显著改变了皮肤的屏障功能,如TEWL的增加所示,并在迷你猪中产生了显著的红斑和水肿。此外,皮肤屏障功能的破坏,如JP-8暴露后TEWL的增加所表明的,可能导致其自身组分或其他暴露于皮肤的化学物质的渗透增加。本研究为进一步证明猪耳皮肤可能被用作预测化学物质通过人体皮肤渗透率的模型提供了更多证据。
... The purpose of the present study was to investigate the percutaneous absorption of JP-8 across pig ear skin and human skin in vitro and to study the effect of JP-8 exposure on the skin barrier function and irritation in Yucatan minipigs. JP-8 spiked with 5.0 microCi of radiolabeled (14)C tridecane, nonane, naphthalene or toluene (selected components of JP-8) was used for the in vitro percutaneous absorption studies with excised pig ear skin and human skin. For in vivo studies, 250 microl of JP-8 or two of its components (toluene or nonane) was placed in a Hill top chamber(R) and affixed over the marked treatment area for 24 hr. Transepidermal water loss (TEWL), skin capacitance (moisture content) and skin irritation (erythema and edema) were evaluated before treatment and at 1,2 and 24 hr after removal of the patches. The components of JP-8 such as tridecane, nonane, naphthalene and toluene permeated significantly through pig ear skin and human skin and the permeation rates were found to be proportional to their composition in JP-8. The steady state flux values of tridecane across pig ear skin and human skin did not differ significantly (P>0.05). Though the steady state flux values of nonane, naphthalene and toluene were statistically different between porcine and human skin (P<0.01), the values were close considering the large variations usually observed in the percutaneous absorption studies. Application of toluene, nonane or JP-8 increased the TEWL, JP-8 being the highest (3.5 times at 24 hr compared to baseline level). The skin moisture content decreased after the application of JP-8, though it was not significantly different (P>0.05) from the baseline level. JP-8 caused a moderate erythema and a moderate to severe edema. Though the edema decreased after 24 hr, the degree of erythema remained about the same until 24 hr. The skin irritation caused by JP-8 was greater than neat toluene or nonane. The TEWL data of toluene, nonane and JP-8 correlated well with the skin irritation data (erythema and edema). Exposure of JP-8, which contains hundreds of aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, caused significant changes in the barrier function of the skin as indicated by an increase in TEWL and produced a significant erythema and edema in minipigs. Furthermore, the disruption of barrier function of skin, as indicated by increased TEWL after exposure to JP-8 might result in increased permeation of its own components and/or other chemicals exposed to skin. The present study provides further evidence that pig ear skin may be used as a model for predicting the rates of permeation of chemicals through human skin.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
吸收、分配和排泄
通常情况下,喷气燃料的皮肤渗透和吸收,特别是JP-8,尚未被充分理解,尽管全球政府和行业每年使用超过45亿加仑的JP-8。JP-8的暴露可能来自蒸汽、液体或气溶胶。吸入和皮肤接触是最常见的途径。JP-8在重复或长期暴露时可能导致刺激,但目前尚不清楚燃料的皮肤渗透是否会导致系统性毒性。此次调查的目的是测量JP-8及其主要成分在大鼠皮肤上的渗透和吸收情况,以便评估人类暴露的潜在影响。我们使用静态扩散细胞来测量JP-8及其成分穿过皮肤的通量和吸收到皮肤内的动力学。总烃成分的通量为20.3微克/平方厘米/小时。JP-8的13种单个成分渗透到受体溶液中。通量范围从最高51.5微克/平方厘米/小时(一种添加剂,二乙二醇单甲基醚)到最低0.334微克/平方厘米/小时(十三烷)。芳香族成分渗透得最快。在皮肤中鉴定出六种成分(全部为脂肪族)。3.5小时内在皮肤中吸收的浓度范围从每克皮肤0.055微克(十四烷)到每克皮肤0.266微克(十一烷)。这些结果建议:(1)JP-8的渗透不会导致系统性毒性,因为所有成分的通量都很低;(2)脂肪族成分吸收到皮肤中可能是导致皮肤刺激的原因。
Dermal penetration and absorption of jet fuels in general, and JP-8 in particular, is not well understood, even though government and industry, worldwide, use over 4.5 billion gallons of JP-8 per year. Exposures to JP-8 can occur from vapor, liquid, or aerosol. Inhalation and dermal exposure are the most prevalent routes. JP-8 may cause irritation during repeated or prolonged exposures, but it is unknown whether systemic toxicity can occur from dermal penetration of fuels. The purpose of this investigation was to measure the penetration and absorption of JP-8 and its major constituents with rat skin, so that the potential for effects with human exposures can be assessed. We used static diffusion cells to measure both the flux of JP-8 and components across the skin and the kinetics of absorption into the skin. Total flux of the hydrocarbon components was 20.3 micrograms/sq cm/hr. Thirteen individual components of JP-8 penetrated into the receptor solution. The fluxes ranged from a high of 51.5 micrograms/sq cm/hr (an additive, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether) to a low of 0.334 micrograms/sq cm/hr (tridecane). Aromatic components penetrated most rapidly. Six components (all aliphatic) were identified in the skin. Concentrations absorbed into the skin at 3.5 hr ranged from 0.055 micrograms per gram skin (tetradecane) to 0.266 micrograms per gram skin (undecane). These results suggest: (1) that JP-8 penetration will not cause systemic toxicity because of low fluxes of all the components; and (2) the absorption of aliphatic components into the skin may be a cause of skin irritation.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
吸收、分配和排泄
大鼠组织:空气和血液:对辛烷、壬烷、癸烷、十一烷和十二烷(n-C8至n-C12正构烷烃)的空气与血液的分配系数(PCs)通过瓶平衡法确定。n-C8至n-C12的血液:空气PC值分别为3.1、5.8、8.1、20.4和24.6。随着碳链长度的增加,正构烷烃的脂溶性增强,表明脂溶性是描述正构烷烃血液:空气PC值的重要决定因素。肌肉:血液、肝脏:血液、大脑:血液和脂肪:血液的PC值分别为辛烷(1.0、1.9、1.4和247)、壬烷(0.8、1.9、3.8和274)、癸烷(0.9、2.0、4.8和328)、十一烷(0.7、1.5、1.7和529)和十二烷(1.2、1.9、19.8和671)。在所有组织中,脂肪的 组织:血液PC值最高,肌肉的最低。十一烷的大脑:空气PC值与其他正构烷烃的值不一致。使用这些正构烷烃的测量分配系数值,线性回归用于预测更大正构烷烃的组织(除大脑外)和血液:空气分配系数值,包括十三烷、十四烷、十五烷、十六烷和十七烷(n-C13至n-C17)。对于n-C8至n-C12的正构烷烃,实测的组织:空气和血液:空气分配系数值与预测值之间有很好的一致性,这为较长链正构烷烃的分配系数预测提供了信心。
Rat tissue:air and blood:air partition coefficients (PCs) for octane, nonane, decane, undecane, and dodecane (n-C8 to n-C12 n-alkanes) were determined by vial equilibration. The blood:air PC values for n-C8 to n-C12 were 3.1, 5.8, 8.1, 20.4, and 24.6, respectively. The lipid solubility of n-alkanes increases with carbon length, suggesting that lipid solubility is an important determinant in describing n-alkane blood:air PC values. The muscle:blood, liver: blood, brain:blood, and fat:blood PC values were octane (1.0, 1.9, 1.4, and 247), nonane (0.8, 1.9, 3.8, and 274), decane (0.9, 2.0, 4.8, and 328), undecane (0.7, 1.5, 1.7, and 529), and dodecane (1.2, 1.9, 19.8, and 671), respectively. The tissue:blood PC values were greatest in fat and the least in muscle. The brain:air PC value for undecane was inconsistent with other n-alkane values. Using the measured partition coefficient values of these n-alkanes, linear regression was used to predict tissue (except brain) and blood:air partition coefficient values for larger n-alkanes, tridecane, tetradecane, pentadecane, hexadecane, and heptadecane (n-C13 to n-C17). Good agreement between measured and predicted tissue:air and blood:air partition coefficient values for n-C8 to n-Cl2 offer confidence in the partition coefficient predictions for longer chain n-alkanes.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
吸收、分配和排泄
当前研究是一个正在进行的方法,用于评估一系列脂肪族和芳香烃化合物的剂量相关的经皮吸收。第一次处理(1X)包含了混合物,其中含有十一烷(4.1%),十二烷(4.7%),十三烷(4.4%),十四烷(3%),十五烷(1.6%),萘(1.1%),和二甲基萘(喷气燃料中的1.3%)在十六烷溶剂中,使用猪皮流过扩散池。其他处理(n = 4个细胞)是2X和5X的浓度。用气相色谱-火焰离子化检测器(GC-FID)结合顶空固相微萃取纤维技术分析灌注液样本。我们已经对实验进行了标准化,以便在媒体标准中对所有测试成分具有良好的线性相关性。估计了所有测试的化合物的吸收参数,包括扩散性、渗透性、稳态流量和吸收的剂量百分比。这种方法提供了一个基线来评估它们之间以及与稀释剂(溶剂)的相互作用。通过使用它们的物理化学参数,导出了一个定量结构渗透性关系(QSPR)模型,以预测在此溶剂系统中未知喷气燃料化合物的渗透性。我们的发现表明,萘和二甲基萘(DMN)的吸收与剂量相关增加。
... The present study is an ongoing approach to assess the dose-related percutaneous absorption of a number of aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons. The first treatment (1X) was comprised of mixtures containing undecane (4.1%), dodecane (4.7%), tridecane (4.4%), tetradecane (3%), pentadecane (1.6%), naphthalene (1.1%), and dimethyl naphthalene (1.3% of jet fuels) in hexadecane solvent using porcine skin flow through diffusion cell. Other treatments (n = 4 cells) were 2X and 5X concentrations. Perfusate samples were analyzed with gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID) using head space solid phase micro-extraction fiber technique. We have standardized the assay to have a good linear correlation for all the tested components in media standards. Absorption parameters including diffusivity, permeability, steady state flux, and percent dose absorbed were estimated for all the tested hydrocarbons. This approach provides a baseline to access component interactions among themselves and with the diluent (solvents). A quantitative structure permeability relationship (QSPR) model was derived to predict the permeability of unknown jet fuel hydrocarbons in this solvent system by using their physicochemical parameters. Our findings suggested a dose related increase in absorption for naphthalene and dimethyl naphthalene (DMN).
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

安全信息

  • TSCA:
    Yes
  • 危险品标志:
    Xi
  • 安全说明:
    S24/25,S26,S36
  • 危险类别码:
    R36/37/38
  • WGK Germany:
    3
  • 海关编码:
    29011090
  • RTECS号:
    YD3025000
  • 包装等级:
    I; II; III
  • 危险标志:
    GHS08
  • 危险性描述:
    H304
  • 危险性防范说明:
    P301 + P310,P331
  • 危险类别:
    9
  • 储存条件:
    存放在密封容器中,并置于阴凉、干燥处。请确保储存位置远离氧化剂。

SDS

SDS:6491a8f0dfebe7e9e96f00c134d0d07a
查看
第一部分:化学品名称
化学品中文名称: 十三烷
化学品英文名称: Tridecane
中文俗名或商品名:
Synonyms:
CAS No.: 629-50-5
分子式: C 13 H 28
分子量: 184.41
第二部分:成分/组成信息
纯化学品 混合物
化学品名称:十三烷
有害物成分 含量 CAS No.
第三部分:危险性概述
危险性类别:
侵入途径: 吸入 食入 经皮吸收
健康危害: 吸入、摄入或经皮肤吸收后对身体有害,具刺激作用。
环境危害: 对环境有危害,对水体可造成污染。
燃爆危险: 本品可燃,具刺激性。
第四部分:急救措施
皮肤接触: 用肥皂水及清水彻底冲洗。就医。
眼睛接触: 拉开眼睑,用流动清水冲洗15分钟。就医。
吸入: 脱离现场至空气新鲜处。就医。
食入: 误服者,饮适量温水,催吐。就医。
第五部分:消防措施
危险特性: 遇高热、明火或氧化剂,有引起燃烧的危险。若遇高热,容器内压增大,有开裂和爆炸的危险。
有害燃烧产物: 一氧化碳、二氧化碳。
灭火方法及灭火剂: 消防人员须佩戴防毒面具、穿全身消防服,在上风向灭火。尽可能将容器从火场移至空旷处。喷水保持火场容器冷却,直至灭火结束。处在火场中的容器若已变色或从安全泄压装置中产生声音,必须马上撤离。灭火剂:雾状水、泡沫、干粉、二氧化碳、砂土。不宜用水。
消防员的个体防护:
禁止使用的灭火剂:
闪点(℃): 79.44
自燃温度(℃):
爆炸下限[%(V/V)]:
爆炸上限[%(V/V)]:
最小点火能(mJ):
爆燃点:
爆速:
最大燃爆压力(MPa):
建规火险分级:
第六部分:泄漏应急处理
应急处理: 疏散泄漏污染区人员至安全区,禁止无关人员进入污染区,建议应急处理人员戴好口罩、护目镜,穿工作服。小心扫起,避免扬尘,运至废物处理场所。也可以用不燃性分散剂制成的乳液刷洗,经稀释的污水放入废水系统。如大量泄漏,利用围堤收容,然后收集、转移、回收或无害处理后废弃。
第七部分:操作处置与储存
操作注意事项: 密闭操作,局部排风。防止蒸气泄漏到工作场所空气中。操作人员必须经过专门培训,严格遵守操作规程。建议操作人员佩戴自吸过滤式防毒面具(半面罩),戴化学安全防护眼镜,穿防毒物渗透工作服,戴橡胶手套。远离火种、热源,工作场所严禁吸烟。使用防爆型的通风系统和设备。在清除液体和蒸气前不能进行焊接、切割等作业。避免产生烟雾。避免与氧化剂接触。配备相应品种和数量的消防器材及泄漏应急处理设备。倒空的容器可能残留有害物。
储存注意事项: 储存于阴凉、通风的库房。远离火种、热源。防止阳光直射。保持容器密封。应与氧化剂、食用化学品分开存放,切忌混储。配备相应品种和数量的消防器材。储区应备有泄漏应急处理设备和合适的收容材料。
第八部分:接触控制/个体防护
最高容许浓度: 中 国 MAC:未制订标准前苏联 MAC:未制订标准美国TLV—TWA:未制订标准
监测方法:
工程控制: 生产过程密闭,全面通风。
呼吸系统防护: 可能接触其蒸气时,应戴口罩。
眼睛防护: 必要时戴安全防护眼镜。
身体防护: 穿工作服。
手防护: 戴防护手套。
其他防护: 工作后,彻底清洗。保持良好的卫生习惯。
第九部分:理化特性
外观与性状: 无色液体。
pH:
熔点(℃): -5.4
沸点(℃): 235.43
相对密度(水=1): 0.7560
相对蒸气密度(空气=1):
饱和蒸气压(kPa): 0.133/59.4℃
燃烧热(kJ/mol):
临界温度(℃):
临界压力(MPa):
辛醇/水分配系数的对数值:
闪点(℃): 79.44
引燃温度(℃):
爆炸上限%(V/V):
爆炸下限%(V/V):
分子式: C 13 H 28
分子量: 184.41
蒸发速率:
粘性:
溶解性: 不溶于水,易溶于乙醇、乙醚。
主要用途: 用作有机合成原料。
第十部分:稳定性和反应活性
稳定性: 在常温常压下 稳定
禁配物: 强氧化剂。
避免接触的条件:
聚合危害: 不能出现
分解产物: 一氧化碳、二氧化碳。
第十一部分:毒理学资料
急性毒性: 属低毒类
急性中毒:
慢性中毒:
亚急性和慢性毒性:
刺激性:
致敏性:
致突变性:
致畸性:
致癌性:
第十二部分:生态学资料
生态毒理毒性:
生物降解性:
非生物降解性:
生物富集或生物积累性:
第十三部分:废弃处置
废弃物性质:
废弃处置方法: 建议用焚烧法处置。在能利用的地方重复使用容器或在规定场所掩埋。
废弃注意事项:
第十四部分:运输信息
危险货物编号:
UN编号:
包装标志:
包装类别:
包装方法:
运输注意事项: 抗溶性泡沫、二氧化碳、干粉。
RETCS号:
IMDG规则页码:
第十五部分:法规信息
国内化学品安全管理法规:
国际化学品安全管理法规:
第十六部分:其他信息
参考文献: 1.周国泰,化学危险品安全技术全书,化学工业出版社,1997 2.国家环保局有毒化学品管理办公室、北京化工研究院合编,化学品毒性法规环境数据手册,中国环境科学出版社.1992 3.Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety,CHEMINFO Database.1998 4.Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety, RTECS Database, 1989
填表时间: 年月日
填表部门:
数据审核单位:
修改说明:
其他信息: 6
MSDS修改日期: 年月日

制备方法与用途

理化性质

正十三烷是一种无色透明的液体,能溶于乙醇和醚,但不溶于水。它可用作有机合成原料。

生物活性

Tridecane 是一种含有 13 个碳原子的短链脂肪族烃。它是从 Piper aduncum L 的精油中分离出来的挥发性油成分之一。此外,Tridecane 还是褐纹臭蝽释放的一种物质。

制备

正十三烷通过石化提炼获得。

化学性质

正十三烷是一种无色透明的液体。

用途 十三烷

主要用作生产十三烷二元酸(巴西二酸);用作油漆、橡胶、乳胶、塑料等行业的溶剂类原料油,以及润滑油表面活性剂的主要添加剂。

芳烃

主要用于色谱分析标准物质。

有机合成

适用于气相色谱分析标准。

上下游信息

  • 上游原料
    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 分子量

反应信息

  • 作为反应物:
    描述:
    十三烷 以54%的产率得到2,4-bis(2-methylprop-1-enyl)dibenzo[b,d]furan-3-amine
    参考文献:
    名称:
    PHOSPHORESCENT EMITTERS
    摘要:
    提供了包括带有二苯并嵌合的5元环取代基的配体的化合物。具体来说,这些化合物可能是铱配合物,包括咪唑配位到二苯取代的配体上。配体的二苯嵌合的5元环部分可能与配体结构的其余部分扭曲或最小程度扭曲。该化合物可用于有机发光器件,特别是作为蓝光器件中的发射掺杂剂。包含这些化合物的器件可能表现出改善的稳定性,同时保持优秀的颜色。
    公开号:
    US20110204333A1
  • 作为产物:
    描述:
    五甲基呋喃溴酸酯氢气 作用下, 以 环己烷 为溶剂, 300.0 ℃ 、3.0 MPa 条件下, 反应 6.0h, 以97.4%的产率得到十三烷
    参考文献:
    名称:
    Highly stable and selective catalytic deoxygenation of renewable bio-lipids over Ni/CeO2-Al2O3 for N-alkanes
    摘要:
    DOI:
    10.1016/j.apcata.2021.118258
  • 作为试剂:
    描述:
    苯甲腈 、 1-propenyl magnesium tert-butoxide 在 dichlorobis(trimethylphosphine)nickel 十三烷 作用下, 以 四氢呋喃 为溶剂, 以77%的产率得到1-丙烯基苯
    参考文献:
    名称:
    镍催化的修饰烷基和烯基格氏试剂与芳基和杂芳基腈的交叉偶联:CCN键的活化
    摘要:
    烷基和链烯基格氏试剂与芳基腈衍生物的镍催化交叉偶联可通过CCN键的活化获得相应的芳基烷烃或芳基烯烃的良好收率。为了防止亲核试剂直接加成到腈基上,格利雅试剂的反应性通过在交叉偶联之前与LiO t- Bu或PhSLi反应来调节。确定最佳催化剂为NiCl 2(PMe 3)2,这是一种方便的,空气稳定的可商购的配合物。
    DOI:
    10.1016/s0040-4039(03)00075-3
点击查看最新优质反应信息

文献信息

  • Thiol-Catalyzed Radical Decyanation of Aliphatic Nitriles with Sodium Borohydride
    作者:Takuji Kawamoto、Kyohei Oritani、Dennis P. Curran、Akio Kamimura
    DOI:10.1021/acs.orglett.8b00626
    日期:2018.4.6
    Radical decyanation of aliphatic nitriles was achieved in the presence of NaBH4 and a thiol. The reaction proceeds via a radical mechanism involving borane radical anion addition to nitrile to form an iminyl radical, which undergoes carbon–carbon cleavage. Reductive radical addition to acrylonitrile is followed by decyanation to give a two-carbon homologated product in a net radical ethylation reaction
    在NaBH 4和硫醇的存在下,脂族腈的自由基发生了脱氰。反应是通过自由基机理进行的,该机理涉及将硼烷自由基阴离子加到腈上形成亚氨基自由基,然后进行碳-碳裂解。向丙烯腈中还原性自由基加成后,进行脱氰,在净自由基乙基化反应中得到两碳均聚物。
  • Synthesis of sulfilimines
    申请人:Monsanto Company
    公开号:US04578514A1
    公开(公告)日:1986-03-25
    Processes are disclosed for preparation of N-aryl-S,S-dihydrocarbylsulfilimines by reaction of phenylisocyanate compounds with hydrocarbyl sulfoxides. The sulfilimines can be rearranged to ortho-thioalkylene anilines and the reactions can be employed in a route for converting nitrobenzene compounds to ortho-thioalkylene anilines, which are useful intermediates for preparation of herbicidal compounds.
    所披露的过程涉及通过将苯基异氰酸酯化合物与烃基亚砜反应来制备N-芳基-S,S-二烃基亚磺酰亚胺。这些亚磺酰亚胺可以重排为邻-硫代烷基苯胺,并且这些反应可以用于将硝基苯化合物转化为邻-硫代烷基苯胺,后者是制备除草剂化合物的有用中间体。
  • Facile Reduction of Dithiocarbonates Derived from Secondary Alcohols with<i>n</i>-Bu<sub>3</sub>SnH–Et<sub>3</sub>B and Synthesis of 2-Furanthiones and 2-Furanones by Intramolecular Addition of Alkoxythiocarbonyl Free Radicals to Acetylenic Linkages
    作者:Kyoko Nozaki、Koichiro Oshima、Kiitiro Utimoto
    DOI:10.1246/bcsj.63.2578
    日期:1990.9
    reduction of dithiocarbonates or thiocarbonates by n-Bu3SnH–Et3B easily gives the corresponding hydrocarbons. The intermediate alkoxythiocarbonyl radical equivalents are trapped by properly located carbon–carbon multiple bonds. The dithiocarbonates derived from either homopropargylic or homoallylic alcohols produce tetrahydrofuranones upon treatment with n-Bu3SnH–Et3B. Application of this new method
    n-Bu3SnH–Et3B 还原二硫代碳酸盐或硫代碳酸盐很容易得到相应的碳氢化合物。中间体烷氧基硫代羰基自由基等价物被适当定位的碳-碳多重键捕获。衍生自高炔丙醇或高烯丙醇的二硫代碳酸酯在用 n-Bu3SnH–Et3B 处理后产生四氢呋喃酮。还描述了这种新方法在将羰基化合物转化为烯烃中的应用。
  • Cross coupling reactions of multiple CCl bonds of polychlorinated solvents with Grignard reagent using a pincer nickel complex
    作者:Yashraj Gartia、Abhijit Biswas、Matthew Stadler、Udaya Bhasker Nasini、Anindya Ghosh
    DOI:10.1016/j.molcata.2012.07.007
    日期:2012.11
    The nickel(II) complex of a bulky pincer-type ligand, N,N′-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-2,6-pyridinedicarboxamido, was examined for sp3–sp3 coupling of Grignard reagents with polychlorinated solvents. The nickel(II) complex catalyzed CC coupling of polychlorinated alkyl halides, such as dichloromethane (CH2Cl2), chloroform (CHCl3), and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), with various Grignard reagents. The
    检查了大钳形配体N,N'-双(2,6-二异丙基苯基)-2,6-吡啶二甲酰胺基的镍(II)配合物与多氯溶剂的格氏试剂的sp 3 –sp 3偶联。镍(II)络合物通过各种格氏试剂催化多氯代烷基卤化物(例如二氯甲烷(CH 2 Cl 2),氯仿(CHCl 3)和四氯化碳(CCl 4))的CC偶联。在环境反应条件下并在短时间内(20分钟)内进行了多个CCl键的有效活化。该催化剂显示出该反应类型迄今报道的最高活性,催化剂负载量低至0.4 mol%,周转频率(TOF)高达724 h-1。对于正在研究的所有多氯代溶剂,该催化剂均能够通过CC键形成取代所有氯原子。催化过程可能被证明是补救有毒多氯溶剂的有效方法,同时可产生合成和商业上重要的化学物质。
  • Scope and Utility of a New Soluble Copper Catalyst [CuBr−LiSPh−LiBr−THF]:  A Comparison with Other Copper Catalysts in Their Ability to Couple One Equivalent of a Grignard Reagent with an Alkyl Sulfonate
    作者:Dennis H. Burns、Jeffrey D. Miller、Ho-Kit Chan、Michael O. Delaney
    DOI:10.1021/ja963944q
    日期:1997.3.1
    THF at 0 °C furnished a new soluble copper catalyst that was highly efficient at coupling primary, secondary, tertiary, aryl, vinyl, and allylic Grignard reagents to primary tosylates and primary Grignard reagents to secondary tosylates and mesylates, all with the use of only 1 equiv of Grignard reagent. The new catalyst was shown to be much more reactive than copper catalysts CuBr and Li2CuCl4 and more
    等量的 CuBr−SMe2、LiBr 和 LiSPh 在 0°C 的 THF 中的混合物提供了一种新的可溶性铜催化剂,该催化剂在将伯、仲、叔、芳基、乙烯基和烯丙基格氏试剂与伯甲苯磺酸盐和主要格氏试剂到二级甲苯磺酸盐和甲磺酸盐,所有这些都只使用 1 当量的格氏试剂。新催化剂被证明比铜催化剂 CuBr 和 Li2CuCl4 更具反应性,并且在转移仲和叔烷基方面比低级铜酸盐(吉尔曼试剂)更有效,并且表现出比低级铜酸盐更高的反应性及其偶联能力初级格氏试剂到次级磺酸盐。格氏试剂/催化剂系统与酯官能化甲苯磺酸酯相容,因此证明比没有催化剂的格氏试剂更具化学选择性。该催化剂在室温以下表现出良好的反应活性,并且在催化剂溶液中加入6% v/v的HMPA...
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表征谱图

  • 氢谱
    1HNMR
  • 质谱
    MS
  • 碳谱
    13CNMR
  • 红外
    IR
  • 拉曼
    Raman
hnmr
mass
cnmr
ir
raman
  • 峰位数据
  • 峰位匹配
  • 表征信息
Shift(ppm)
Intensity
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Assign
Shift(ppm)
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测试频率
样品用量
溶剂
溶剂用量
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