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多杀菌素 | 131929-60-7

中文名称
多杀菌素
中文别名
多杀霉素A;催杀;多杀霉素;多杀霉素 A;多杀菌素D;刺糖菌素
英文名称
spinosyn A
英文别名
spinosad;(1S,2R,5S,7R,9R,10S,14R,15S,19S)-15-[(2R,5S,6R)-5-(dimethylamino)-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-19-ethyl-14-methyl-7-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trimethoxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-20-oxatetracyclo[10.10.0.02,10.05,9]docosa-3,11-diene-13,21-dione
多杀菌素化学式
CAS
131929-60-7
化学式
C41H65NO10
mdl
——
分子量
731.968
InChiKey
SRJQTHAZUNRMPR-UYQKXTDMSA-N
BEILSTEIN
——
EINECS
——
  • 物化性质
  • 计算性质
  • ADMET
  • 安全信息
  • SDS
  • 制备方法与用途
  • 上下游信息
  • 反应信息
  • 文献信息
  • 表征谱图
  • 同类化合物
  • 相关功能分类
  • 相关结构分类

物化性质

  • 沸点:
    801.5±65.0 °C(Predicted)
  • 密度:
    1.16±0.1 g/cm3(Predicted)
  • 溶解度:
    溶于二甲基亚砜
  • 颜色/状态:
    Light grey to white crystals
  • 气味:
    Slightly stale water /Spinosad/
  • 熔点:
    84 C to 99.5 C
  • 蒸汽压力:
    3.0X10-11 kPA at 25 C (Spinosyn A)
  • 碰撞截面:
    271.5 Ų [M+H]+

计算性质

  • 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP):
    4.9
  • 重原子数:
    52
  • 可旋转键数:
    9
  • 环数:
    6.0
  • sp3杂化的碳原子比例:
    0.85
  • 拓扑面积:
    111
  • 氢给体数:
    0
  • 氢受体数:
    11

ADMET

毒理性
  • 致癌性证据
癌症分类:不太可能对人类致癌 /斯皮诺萨德/
Cancer Classification: Not Likely to be Carcinogenic to Humans /Spinosad/
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
  • 副作用
职业性肝毒素 - 第二性肝毒素:在职业环境中的毒性效应潜力是基于人类摄入或动物实验的中毒案例。
Occupational hepatotoxin - Secondary hepatotoxins: the potential for toxic effect in the occupational setting is based on cases of poisoning by human ingestion or animal experimentation.
来源:Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases
毒理性
  • 毒性数据
LC50 (rat) > 499 mg/m³/4h 大白鼠LC50>499毫克/立方米/4小时
LC50 (rat) > 499 mg/m3/4h
来源:Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases
毒理性
  • 解毒与急救
基本治疗:建立专利气道。如有必要,进行吸痰。观察呼吸不足的迹象,如有需要,协助通气。通过非循环呼吸面罩以10至15升/分钟的速度给予氧气。监测肺水肿,如有必要进行治疗……。监测休克,如有必要进行治疗……。预见并处理癫痫发作……。对于眼睛污染,立即用水冲洗眼睛。在运输过程中,用生理盐水连续冲洗每只眼睛……。不要使用催吐剂。对于摄入,如果患者能吞咽、有强烈的干呕反射且不流口水,则用水冲洗口腔,并给予5毫升/千克,最多200毫升的水进行稀释……。在去污后,用干燥的无菌敷料覆盖皮肤烧伤……。/毒药A和B/
Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if needed. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Poison A and B/
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
  • 解毒与急救
高级治疗:对于无意识、严重肺水肿或呼吸停止的患者,考虑进行口咽或鼻咽气管插管以控制气道。使用气囊面罩装置的正压通气技术可能有益。监测心率和必要时治疗心律失常。 ... 开始静脉输液,使用D5W/SRP:“保持开放”,最低流量/。如果出现低血容量的迹象,使用乳酸钠林格氏液。注意液体过载的迹象。考虑使用药物治疗肺水肿。对于伴有低血容量迹象的低血压,谨慎给予液体。注意液体过载的迹象。用地西泮(安定)治疗癫痫。使用丙美卡因氢氯化物协助眼部冲洗。/毒药A和B/
Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in respiratory arrest. Positive pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start an IV with D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. Watch for signs of fluid overload. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam (Valium) ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Poison A and B/
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
吸收、分配和排泄
... 奶牛在28天内以相当于0、1、3和10微克/克的剂量饲喂了spinosad。母鸡在42天内以相当于0、0.1、0.3、1和5微克/克的剂量饲喂了spinosad。通过高效液相色谱和/或免疫分析方法分析了牛奶、鸡蛋和组织样本。Spinosad残留物出现在所有样本类型中,但在鸡蛋、脱脂牛奶和瘦肉中最低,在脂肪中最高。/Spinosad/
... Dairy cows were dosed for 28 days with spinosad at rates equivalent to 0, 1, 3, and 10 ug/g in the diet. Chicken hens were dosed for 42 days with spinosad at rates equivalent to 0, 0.1, 0.3, 1, and 5 ug/g in the diet. Milk, eggs, and tissue samples were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography and/or immunoassay methods. Spinosad residues occurred in all of the sample types but were lowest in eggs, skim milk, and lean meat and were highest in the fat. /Spinosad/
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
吸收、分配和排泄
Spinosad 吸收迅速且广泛代谢。在大鼠口服给药后,Spinosyn A 和 Spinosyn D 的生物利用度、排泄途径或速率或代谢方面没有显著差异。此外,重复给药也不会影响排泄途径和速率。
Spinosad is rapidly absorbed and extensively metabolized. There were no major differences in the bioavailability, routes or rates of excretion, or metabolism of Spinosyn A and Spinosyn D following oral administration in rats. In addition, the routes and rates of excretion were not affected by repeated administration.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

安全信息

  • 危险等级:
    9
  • 危险品运输编号:
    UN 3077
  • 海关编码:
    2932209090
  • 包装等级:
    III
  • 危险类别:
    9

SDS

SDS:ced22d1353449a0187dab8f61b17ba30
查看

制备方法与用途

概述

多杀菌素(spinosad),试验代号DE-105、XDE-105。商品名称包括Conserve、Entrust、GF l20、Justice、Laser、Naturalyte、Spinoace、SpinTor、Success、Tracer、菜喜和催杀等,是由美国陶氏益农公司开发的大环内酯类抗生素杀虫剂。

作用机理

多杀菌素通过与烟碱乙酰胆碱受体结合使昆虫神经细胞去极化,引起中枢神经系统广泛超活化,导致非功能性的肌收缩、衰竭,并伴随颤抖和麻痹。它具有快速触杀和摄食毒性,同时也通过抑制γ-氨基丁酸受体而进一步加强其活性。尽管作用部位不同于烟碱或吡虫啉,多杀菌素主要通过触杀或口食引起系统瘫痪。喷药后当天即可见效,杀虫速度可与化学农药媲美。

毒性

大鼠急性经口LD50(mg/kg):雄性3783,雌性>5000;兔急性经皮LD50>2000mg/kg。对兔皮肤无刺激,对兔眼睛和呼吸道有轻微刺激性。多杀菌素对环境影响较小,生物降解性较好。

用途

多杀菌素主要用于防治鳞翅目(如小菜蛾、甜菜夜蛾等)、双翅目和缨翅目害虫,也可以很好地防治鞘翅目和直翅目中某些大量吞食叶片的害虫种类。然而,它对刺吸式昆虫和螨类无效。

生产方法

菌株与发酵培养

多杀菌素由新微生物多孢菌(Saccharopolyspora spinosa)或产生多杀菌素的突变株在复合培养基和合成培养基上生长。种子培养基包括酶解大豆水解液3%,酵母膏0.3%,MgSO4·H2O 0.2%,葡萄糖0.5%,麦芽糖4%,去离子水1L,并于121℃灭菌30分钟,接种量为10%。大规模生产时优选的碳源为葡萄糖和麦芽糖,氮源为棉子糖、胨化牛奶和消化大豆粉。

分离提取

经7~10天发酵后加入等体积丙酮,过滤除去菌体并调节滤液pH至13。使用树脂吸附法,并用甲醇:乙腈(含0.1%乙酸钠)溶液梯度洗脱多杀菌素A和D,分段收集洗脱液,浓缩获得多杀菌素浓缩液。

分析检测

采用高效液相色谱仪(HPLC),柱为ODS-AO,流动相为乙腈/甲醇/水=40/40/20(含0.05%乙酸铵),流速3mL/min,检测波长:250nm。

上下游信息

  • 上游原料
    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 分子量
  • 下游产品
    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 分子量
    • 1
    • 2

反应信息

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文献信息

  • BORON-CONTAINING SMALL MOLECULES
    申请人:Eli Lilly and Company
    公开号:US20130131016A1
    公开(公告)日:2013-05-23
    This invention provides novel compounds, methods of using the compounds, and pharmaceutical formulations comprising the compounds.
    这项发明提供了新颖的化合物,使用这些化合物的方法,以及包含这些化合物的药物配方。
  • [EN] AZIRIDINE SPINOSYN DERIVATIVES AND METHODS OF MAKING<br/>[FR] DÉRIVÉS D'AZIRIDINE SPINOSYNE ET LEURS PROCÉDÉS DE FABRICATION
    申请人:AGRIMETIS LLC
    公开号:WO2018132288A1
    公开(公告)日:2018-07-19
    Compositions including derivatives of spinosyns of the following formulae and methods for the production of derivatives of spinosyns are provided. The spinosyn derivatives described herein include those functionalized on the C-5,6 double bond to provide an aziridine ring system. The method produces spinosyn derivatives that exhibit activity towards insects, arachnids, and nematodes and are useful in the agricultural and animal health markets.
    提供了包括以下公式的自旋菌素衍生物的组合物,以及用于生产自旋菌素衍生物的方法。本文描述的自旋菌素衍生物包括在C-5,6双键上官能化以提供环氮丙烷环系统的衍生物。该方法生产出对昆虫、蜘蛛和线虫具有活性的自旋菌素衍生物,并在农业和动物健康市场中有用。
  • [EN] ANTHELMINTIC DEPSIPEPTIDE COMPOUNDS<br/>[FR] COMPOSÉS DEPSIPEPTIDIQUES ANTHELMINTHIQUES
    申请人:MERIAL INC
    公开号:WO2018093920A1
    公开(公告)日:2018-05-24
    The present invention provides cyclic depsipeptide compounds of formula (I) wherein the stereochemical configuration of at least one carbon atom bearing the groups Cy1, Cy2, R1, R2, R3, R4, Ra and Rb is inverted compared with the naturally occurring cyclic depsipeptide PF1022A. The invention also provides compositions comprising the compounds that are effective against parasites that harm animals. The compounds and compositions may be used for combating parasites in or on mammals and birds. The invention also provides for an improved method for eradicating, controlling and preventing parasite infestation in birds and mammals.
    本发明提供了公式(I)的环状脱氨肽化合物,其中至少一个碳原子的立体化学构型与自然存在的环状脱氨肽PF1022A的基团Cy1、Cy2、R1、R2、R3、R4、Ra和Rb相比发生了倒置。该发明还提供了包含这些化合物的组合物,对危害动物的寄生虫具有有效性。这些化合物和组合物可用于对抗哺乳动物和鸟类体内或体表的寄生虫。该发明还提供了一种改进的方法,用于根除、控制和预防鸟类和哺乳动物的寄生虫感染。
  • Semi-synthesis and insecticidal activity of spinetoram J and its D-forosamine replacement analogues
    作者:Kai Zhang、Jiarong Li、Honglin Liu、Haiyou Wang、Lamusi A
    DOI:10.3762/bjoc.14.207
    日期:——
    D-forosamine replacement analogues of spinetoram J were synthesized based on the improved semi-synthesis, and their insecticidal activities were evaluated against third-instar larvae of Plutella xylostella. Although none of the analogues were as potent as spinetoram, a few of the analogues have only a 20-40 times lower activity than spinetoram. In particular, one of these analogues was approximately as
    多杀菌素是多杀菌素J(XDE-175-J,主要成分)和多杀菌素L(XDE-175-L)的混合物,是一种新型发酵源杀虫剂,对多种害虫特别是Cydia具有广泛的作用苹果属、潜叶蝇和蓟马。与多杀菌素类似,乙基多杀菌素对环境友好,对动物和人类无毒。因此,乙基多杀菌素在害虫防治和粮食储藏方面得到了广泛的应用。在之前的研究中,我们报道了乙基多杀菌素J的半合成,但该合成实验步骤较多,操作麻烦。因此,设计并讨论了一种基于自我保护策略的改进合成方法。在这项工作中,3-O-乙基-2,4-二-O-甲基鼠李糖既用作C9-OH的反应底物,又用作C17-OH的保护基。合成步骤数和成本显着减少。此外,在改进的半合成方法的基础上,合成了多种乙基多杀菌素J的D-forosamine替代类似物,并对其对小菜蛾三龄幼虫的杀虫活性进行了评价。尽管没有一种类似物的功效与乙基多杀菌素一样强,但少数类似物的活性仅比乙基多杀菌素低 20-40
  • BITTER TASTE MODIFIERS INCLUDING SUBSTITUTED 1-BENZYL-3-(1-(ISOXAZOL-4-YLMETHYL)-1H-PYRAZOL-4-YL)IMIDAZOLIDINE-2,4-DIONES AND COMPOSITIONS THEREOF
    申请人:SENOMYX, INC.
    公开号:US20160376263A1
    公开(公告)日:2016-12-29
    The present invention includes compounds and compositions known to modify the perception of bitter taste, and combinations of said compositions and compounds with additional compositions, compounds, and products. Exemplary compositions comprise one or more of the following: cooling agents; inactive drug ingredients; active pharmaceutical ingredients; food additives or foodstuffs; flavorants, or flavor enhancers; food or beverage products; bitter compounds; sweeteners; bitterants; sour flavorants; salty flavorants; umami flavorants; plant or animal products; compounds known to be used in pet care products; compounds known to be used in personal care products; compounds known to be used in home products; pharmaceutical preparations; topical preparations; cannabis-derived or cannabis-related products; compounds known to be used in oral care products; beverages; scents, perfumes, or odorants; compounds known to be used in consumer products; silicone compounds; abrasives; surfactants; warming agents; smoking articles; fats, oils, or emulsions; and/or probiotic bacteria or supplements.
    本发明涵盖已知用于改变苦味感知的化合物和组合物,以及所述组合物和化合物与额外的组合物、化合物和产品的组合。示例组合物包括以下一种或多种:冷却剂;无活性药物成分;活性药用成分;食品添加剂或食品;调味剂或调味增强剂;食品或饮料产品;苦味化合物;甜味剂;苦味剂;酸味调味剂;咸味调味剂;鲜味调味剂;植物或动物产品;已知用于宠物护理产品中的化合物;已知用于个人护理产品中的化合物;已知用于家用产品中的化合物;制药制剂;局部制剂;大麻衍生或与大麻相关的产品;已知用于口腔护理产品中的化合物;饮料;香味、香水或除臭剂;已知用于消费品中的化合物;硅化合物;磨料;表面活性剂;发热剂;吸烟物品;脂肪、油脂或乳化剂;和/或益生菌或补充剂。
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