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乙辛基三氯化锡 | 3091-25-6

中文名称
乙辛基三氯化锡
中文别名
三氯辛基锡烷;一辛基锡
英文名称
n-octyltin trichloride
英文别名
octyl tin trichloride;octyltin trichloride;octyl-tin trichloride;mono-n-octyl-tin-trichloride;mono-octyltin trichloride;n-Oktyltrichlorstannan;octyltin(3+);trichloride
乙辛基三氯化锡化学式
CAS
3091-25-6
化学式
C8H17Cl3Sn
mdl
——
分子量
338.292
InChiKey
INTLMJZQCBRQAT-UHFFFAOYSA-K
BEILSTEIN
——
EINECS
——
  • 物化性质
  • 计算性质
  • ADMET
  • 安全信息
  • SDS
  • 制备方法与用途
  • 上下游信息
  • 反应信息
  • 文献信息
  • 表征谱图
  • 同类化合物
  • 相关功能分类
  • 相关结构分类

物化性质

  • 沸点:
    150-159°C 10mm
  • 密度:
    1,35 g/cm3
  • 闪点:
    >121°C
  • 溶解度:
    可溶于氯仿、乙酸乙酯(微量)、甲醇(微量)
  • 物理描述:
    OtherSolid, Liquid

计算性质

  • 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP):
    5.0
  • 重原子数:
    12
  • 可旋转键数:
    6
  • 环数:
    0.0
  • sp3杂化的碳原子比例:
    1.0
  • 拓扑面积:
    0
  • 氢给体数:
    0
  • 氢受体数:
    0

ADMET

代谢
尽管锡金属的吸收非常差,但锡化合物可以通过口服、吸入或皮肤途径被吸收,有机锡化合物的吸收速度远比无机锡化合物快。锡可能进入血液并绑定到血红蛋白上,在体内分布并在肾脏、肝脏、肺和骨骼中积累。有机锡化合物可能在肝脏中通过细胞色素P-450酶催化发生脱烷基化、羟基化、脱芳香化和氧化。脱烷基化产生的烷基产物会与谷胱甘肽结合并进一步代谢成巯基尿酸衍生物。锡及其代谢物主要通过尿液和粪便排出体外。(L308)
Though tin metal is very poorly absorbed, tin compounds may be absorbed via oral, inhalation, or dermal routes, with organotin compounds being much more readily absorbed than inorganic tin compounds. Tin may enter the bloodstream and bind to hemoglobin, where it is distributed and accumulates mainly in the kidney, liver, lung, and bone. Organotin compounds may undergo dealkylation, hydroxylation, dearylation, and oxidation catalyzed by cytochrome P-450 enzymes in the liver. The alkyl products of dealkylation are conjugated with glutathione and further metabolized to mercapturic acid derivatives. Tin and its metabolites are excreted mainly in the urine and feces. (L308)
来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
毒理性
  • 毒性总结
有机锡化合物产生神经毒性和免疫毒性效应。有机锡可能直接激活胶质细胞,通过局部释放促炎细胞因子、肿瘤坏死因子-α和/或白细胞介素,从而促进神经细胞退化。它们还可能通过直接作用于神经细胞来诱导凋亡。有机锡化合物刺激脑组织中神经递质的释放和/或减少神经细胞对神经递质的摄取,包括天冬氨酸、GABA、谷氨酸、去甲肾上腺素和血清素。这可能是神经细胞丢失的一个促成因素或结果。有机锡的免疫毒性特征是由抑制未成熟胸腺细胞的增殖和成熟胸腺细胞的凋亡引起的胸腺萎缩。人们认为有机锡化合物通过抑制DNA和蛋白质合成、诱导参与凋亡的基因(如nur77)的表达以及破坏细胞内钙水平的调节来发挥这些作用,从而导致不受控制的活性氧种类的产生、细胞色素c释放到细胞质中以及凋亡的蛋白水解和核酸酶级联。未成熟胸腺细胞增殖的抑制进一步导致T细胞介导的免疫应答的抑制。有机锡也是内分泌干扰物,被认为通过不适当的受体激活导致脂肪细胞分化,从而促进肥胖。无机锡触发红细胞溶解,导致锡诱导的贫血。(L308, A182, A184)
Organotin compounds produce neurotoxic and immunotoxic effects. Organotins may directly activate glial cells contributing to neuronal cell degeneration by local release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor-_, and/or interleukins. They may also induce apoptosis by direct action on neuronal cells. Organotin compounds stimulate the neuronal release of and/or decrease of neuronal cell uptake of neurotransmitters in brain tissue, including aspartate, GABA, glutamate, norepinephrine, and serotonin. This may be either a contributing factor to or result of the neuronal cell loss. The immunotoxic effects of organotins are characterized by thymic atrophy caused by the suppression of proliferation of immature thymocytes and apoptosis of mature thymocytes. Organotin compounds are believed to exert these effects by suppressing DNA and protein synthesis, inducing the expression of genes involved in apoptosis (such as nur77), and disrupting the regulation of intracellular calcium levels, giving rise to the uncontrolled production of reactive oxygen species, release of cytochrome c to the cytosol, and the proteolytic and nucleolytic cascade of apoptosis. The suppression of proliferation of immature thymocytes further results in the suppression of T-cell-mediated immune responses. Organotins are also endocrine disruptors and are believed to contribute to obesity by inappropriate receptor activation, leading to adipocyte differentiation. Inorganic tin triggers eryptosis, contributing to tin-induced anemia. (L308, A182, A184)
来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
毒理性
  • 致癌物分类
对人类无致癌性(未列入国际癌症研究机构IARC清单)。
No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC).
来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
毒理性
  • 健康影响
吸入或吞咽有机锡,或者皮肤接触有机锡,可能会干扰大脑和神经系统的工作方式,严重情况下可能导致死亡。有机锡化合物还可能损害免疫和生殖系统。
Breathing or swallowing, or skin contact with organotins, can interfere with the way the brain and nervous system work, causing death in severe cases. Organic tin compounds may also damage the immune and reproductive system. (L307, L308)
来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
毒理性
  • 暴露途径
口服(L308);吸入(L308);皮肤给药(L308)
Oral (L308) ; inhalation (L308) ; dermal (L308)
来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
毒理性
  • 症状
无机或有机锡化合物放置在皮肤上或进入眼睛中可能会引起皮肤和眼睛的刺激。
Inorganic or organic tin compounds placed on the skin or in the eyes can produce skin and eye irritation. (L308)
来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

安全信息

  • TSCA:
    Yes
  • 危险等级:
    6.1(b)
  • 安全说明:
    S26,S36/37/39
  • 危险类别码:
    R34,R52/53
  • 海关编码:
    2931900090

SDS

SDS:c6c2e592188fccecbf40a9c5ffd5862e
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反应信息

  • 作为反应物:
    描述:
    乙辛基三氯化锡四(三苯基膦)钯 作用下, 以 四氢呋喃 为溶剂, 生成 2-辛烯
    参考文献:
    名称:
    钯催化三氯化正烷基锡的脱氢锡烷基化†
    摘要:
    [Pd(PPh 3)4 ]催化三氯化正烷基锡的脱氢苯乙烯化反应成HSnCl 3(THF)n和相应烯烃的异构体。反应机理包括氧化加成Sn-C键,然后从所得的正烷基钯三氯锡烷基物质中消除β-H 。速率测定法从顺式-[PdH(SnCl 3)(PPh 3)2还原性去除HSnCl 3]完成催化循环。没有β-H原子的三氯化锡有机锡不发生反应或发生热歧化反应。这些结果与理解与在Stille型交叉偶联反应中使用单烷基锡化合物作为偶联伴侣以及将1-烯烃催化加氢苯乙烯基化为三氯化单烷基锡有关的一些问题有关。
    DOI:
    10.1039/c1dt10330j
  • 作为产物:
    描述:
    三辛基铝二丁醚 为溶剂, 生成 乙辛基三氯化锡
    参考文献:
    名称:
    Gmelin Handbuch der Anorganischen Chemie, Gmelin Handbook: Sn: Org.Verb.1, 1.1.1.11, page 117 - 121
    摘要:
    DOI:
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文献信息

  • 119Sn mössbauer, IR, 1H NMR spectroscopic and thermal decomposition studies on organotin(IV) adducts with glycylglycine
    作者:Lorenzo Pellerito、M.Teresa Lo Giudice、G.C. Stocco、John D. Donaldson、Susan M. Grimes、Peter J. Smith
    DOI:10.1016/s0277-5387(00)86692-9
    日期:1985.1
    The complexes R2SnCl2·(H2glygly), (H2glygly = glycylglycine) (R = Me, Bun, Octn, Ph) and RSnCl3·(H2glygly)
    R 2 SnCl 2 ·(H 2 glygly),(H 2 glygly =甘氨酰甘氨酸)(R = Me,Bu n,Oct n,Ph)和RSnCl 3 ·(H 2 glygly)
  • Process for the preparation of monoalkyl tin trihalides and dialkyl tin dihalides
    申请人:Arkema Vlissingen B.V.
    公开号:EP1743898A1
    公开(公告)日:2007-01-17
    The present invention comprises a process for the production of monoalkyltin trihalides of the formula RSnHal3, in which R = alkyl or cycloalkyl and Hal = Cl, Br or I, said process comprising contacting alkene, stannous halide and hydrogen halide in the presence of at least one transition metal complex as a catalyst or catalyst precursor; optionally thereafter isolating the monoalkyltin trihalides from the medium. Advantageously M is selected from Group VIII of the periodic Table of elements. The reaction can be carried out with or without a solvent. The reaction proceeds selectively, the only significant side product being alkene isomers resulting from isomerisation of the starting alkene. The alkene is currently applied in excess to the other reactants. The hydrogen halide acid may be employed as gas or in solution. The reaction proceeds smoothly at room temperature or above. A multitude of organic solvents can be used, in particular, solvents like alcohols, ethers and apolar aromatic and aliphatic solvents and mixtures thereof. Small amounts of water do not disturb the reaction. The invention also comprises a process to make dialkyltin dihalides. The monoalkyltin trihalides (i) either isolated from the above reaction medium (ii) either coming from another source are reacted with tin metal to get a mixture of tin dihalide and dialkyltin dihalides. Optionally in option (i) the tin metal can be added during the reaction to monoalkyltin trihalide. In that way the tin dihalide formed can be consumed to produce monoalkyltin trihalide. The invention also relates to the use of these monoalkyltin trihalides, dialkyltin dihalides and mixtures thereof made according to the process hereabove as intermediates for PVC stabilisers, glass coating Chemicals and catalysts.
    本发明涉及一种生产单烷基锡三卤化物的方法,其化学式为RSnHal3,其中R = 烷基或环烷基,Hal = 氯、溴或碘,所述方法包括在至少一个过渡金属配合物存在的情况下,将烯烃、锡卤化物和氢卤酸接触,作为催化剂或催化剂前体;随后可选择性地从介质中分离出单烷基锡三卤化物。优选,M选自元素周期表第VIII族。反应可以在有或无溶剂的情况下进行。反应具有选择性进行,唯一的显著副产物是由起始烯烃异构化产生的烯烃异构体。烯烃目前以过量的方式应用于其他反应物。氢卤酸可以作为气体或溶液使用。反应在室温或以上温度下顺利进行。可以使用多种有机溶剂,特别是醇类、醚类和无极性芳香烃和脂肪烃溶剂及其混合物。少量水不会干扰反应。该发明还涉及一种制备二烷基锡二卤化物的方法。从上述反应介质中分离出的单烷基锡三卤化物或来自其他来源的单烷基锡三卤化物与锡金属反应,得到锡二卤化物和二烷基锡二卤化物的混合物。在选项(i)中,锡金属可以在反应过程中添加到单烷基锡三卤化物中。通过这种方式,形成的锡二卤化物可以被消耗以产生单烷基锡三卤化物。该发明还涉及根据上述方法制备的单烷基锡三卤化物、二烷基锡二卤化物和其混合物的用途,作为PVC稳定剂、玻璃涂层化学品和催化剂的中间体。
  • Etude DSC de la réaction de l'hydroperoxyde de t-butyle avec des dérivés thioorganostanniques
    作者:M. Bevilacqua、M. Pereyre、B. Maillard
    DOI:10.1016/s0040-6031(97)00008-7
    日期:1997.8
    Resume La decomposition de l'hydroperoxyde de t-butyle par les derives thioorganostanniques a ete etudiee en faisant appel a la DSC en programmation de temperature. Il a ainsi ete montre que cette degradation fait intervenir diverses reactions successives et que certains composes thioorganostanniques engendrent des especes capables de catalyser la decomposition de l'hydroperoxyde de t-butyle.
    Resume La 分解 de l'hydroperoxyde de l'hydroperoxyde de l't-butyle par les 衍生出 thioorganstanniques a ete etudiee en faisant appel a la DSC en programmation de temperature。Il a insi ete montre que cette 降解 fait intervenir 不同的反应连续等 que 某些组成 thioorganstanniques genendrent des especes 能够 de catalyser la 分解 de l'hydroperoxyde de l'hydroperoxyde de t-butyle。
  • Synthesis and structural studies by infrared and Mössbauer spectroscopy of adducts of tin(IV) and organotin(IV) derivatives with 2,2′-azopyridine
    作者:E. Rivarola、A. Silvestri、G. Alonzo、R. Barbieri、R.H. Herber
    DOI:10.1016/s0020-1693(00)86053-3
    日期:1985.4
    A number of complexes have been prepared by the reaction between 2,2′-azopyridine(AZP) and tin(IV) halides and organotin(IV) halides, and characterized by elemental analysis and infrared and variable temperature 119Sn Mössbauer spectroscopies. All of the new compounds have 1:1 stoichiometry, with the AZP ligand occupying two coordination sites by bonding through one of the ring and one of the azo group
    通过2,2'-偶氮吡啶(AZP)与卤化锡(IV)和卤化有机锡(IV)的反应已制备了许多配合物,并通过元素分析和红外和可变温度119 SnMössbauer光谱进行了表征。所有这些新化合物的化学计量比均为1:1,AZP配体通过一个环和一个偶氮基团氮原子键合,从而占据了两个配位点,从而产生了扭曲的八面体结构。在二有机锡复合物中,两个有机基团占据反式位置。红外和Mössbauer光谱数据表明,这些化合物为固态单体。
  • Complexes of organometallic compounds. XLVIII. Mössbauer and other studies on pyrazine derivatives of tin(IV) compounds. A relationship between isomer shift and charge on tin
    作者:E. Rivarola、A. Silvesteri、R. Barbieri
    DOI:10.1016/s0020-1693(00)87439-3
    日期:1978.1
    3 ·pyz are polymeric compounds, where the ligand acts as bridging bis-monodentate and the tin atoms attain the coordination number six. This has been duduced from: i) temperature dependent Mossbauer spectroscopy; ii) the correlation between Mossbauer isomer shift, δ, and electrical charge on tin, Q Sn , concerning pyrazine adducts of RSnCl 3 and others; iii) an infrared study of the coordinated ligand
    摘要合成了RSnCl 3·pyz(R = Me,Bu n,Oct n,Ph; pyz =吡嗪)的加合物,并进行了固态表征。已经确定RSnCl 3·pyz是聚合化合物,其中配体充当桥联双单齿并且锡原子达到配位数六。这是由于:i)依赖温度的莫斯鲍尔光谱法;ii)关于RSnCl 3的吡嗪加合物等,Mossbauer异构体位移δ与锡上的电荷Q Sn之间的相关性;iii)对RSnCl 3·pyz中配体的红外研究。Mossbauer T依赖性研究的其他含义(例如,随着R的增加,RSnCl 3·pyz中的德拜温度降低)以及δ/ Q Sn相关性(例如,线性相关性随温度的变化而发生)锡协调号,提出并讨论了使用Jolly和Perry [11,12]方法中的Q Sn。最后通过点电荷模型计算研究了围绕锡的骨架构型,该模型由pyz / 2引起的Mossbauer部分四极分裂和RSnCl 3·pyz的ΔE引起。提出了具有子午线Cl
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