Substituent Effects in Digermanes: Electrochemical, Theoretical, and Structural Investigations
作者:Erin K. Schrick、Trevor J. Forget、Kimberly D. Roewe、Aaron C. Schrick、Curtis E. Moore、James A. Golen、Arnold L. Rheingold、Nicholas F. Materer、Charles S. Weinert
DOI:10.1021/om400132z
日期:2013.4.8
four digermanes and the four additional digermanes R3GeGePh3 (R3 = Me3, Bun3, Bus3, or PhMe2) were characterized by cyclic voltammetry, differential pulse voltammetry, and linear sweep voltammetry in order to determine the effects of varying substituent patterns on the oxidation potential of these systems. Digermanes having more inductively donating substituents exhibit more negative oxidation potentials
所述digermanes - [R 3 GeGePh 3(R 3 =卜我3,六角Ñ 3,(C 18 H ^ 37)3,或卜吨我2)使用所述hydrogermolysis反应合成和Bu的X射线晶体结构我3 GeGePh 3和卜吨我2 GeGePh 3进行了测定。异丁基取代的乙锗烷包含具有2.4410(5)和2.4409(5)的Ge-Ge结合的距离的单元电池的两个独立分子和Bu吨我2 GeGePh3的Ge–Ge键距为2.4255(3)Å。这四个Digermanes和四个附加Digermanes R 3 GeGePh 3(R 3 = Me 3,Bu n 3,Bu s 3或PhMe 2通过循环伏安法,差动脉冲伏安法和线性扫描伏安法表征),以确定变化的取代基图案对这些系统的氧化电势的影响。与具有较少的感应供电的取代基的那些相比,具有更多的感应供电的取代基的Digermanes表现出更多的负氧化电势。
groups from commercially available reagents. More than 25 compounds were obtained and spectroscopically characterized. Moreover, detailed DFT calculations were performed to study the mechanism of the catalytic cycle of the germylative coupling. The results confirm our assumptions that the rate-determining step of the germylative coupling process is the product-formation step.
Nickel‐Catalyzed Reductive C−Ge Coupling of Aryl/Alkenyl Electrophiles with Chlorogermanes
作者:Pei‐Feng Su、Ke Wang、Xuejing Peng、Xiaobo Pang、Peng Guo、Xing‐Zhong Shu
DOI:10.1002/anie.202112876
日期:2021.12.13
A new C−Ge bond-forming framework was established, which bridges a gap between a recently developed mild coupling technique and organogermane chemistry. The method provides a mild approach for the synthesis of both aryl and alkenyl germanes, with improved molecular diversity and structural complexity, using readily available carbon electrophiles and chlorogermanes as starting materials.
Carbon−Germanium Hyperconjugation: Solid-State and Gas-Phase Investigations of (Trialkylgermyl)methyl-Substituted Pyridinium Ions
作者:Asimo Karnezis、Richard A.J. O’Hair、Jonathan M. White
DOI:10.1021/om900681m
日期:2009.11.23
for carbon−germanium hyperconjugation; thus, the Ge−CH2 bonds are significantly longer (0.03−0.04 Å) than standard values and the CH2−Ar bond distance is shorter. Investigation of the gas-phaseunimolecularchemistry of these ions, formed via electrospray ionization (ESI) and subjected to collision-induced dissociation (CID), reveals that the principal fragmentation of these ions involves cleavage