脱氧核苷是由碱基(如嘌呤或嘧啶)与核糖或脱氧核糖结合形成的糖基胺。其中,核糖是环状戊糖;而脱氧核糖则没有羟基。常见的实例包括胞苷、尿苷、腺苷、鸟苷、胸苷和肌苷。核苷类似物广泛用作抗病毒剂和抗癌剂,因为它们能够在RNA或DNA合成过程中充当反转录酶抑制剂或链终止剂。
此外,核苷磷酸化酶是一种在哺乳动物细胞和细菌中广泛分布的转移酶,在核苷代谢补救途径中起着关键作用。这类酶具有双重功能:一方面,在无机磷酸盐的存在下催化糖苷键的可逆切割,以生成碱基和相应的-1-磷酸;另一方面,它们促进嘌呤或嘧啶碱基与核苷之间的戊糖转移反应,即转糖基反应。
6-疏基嘌呤核苷是一种特殊的核苷形式。
生物活性6-Thioinosine (6TI) 是一种抗代谢物的嘌呤衍生物,具有抑制脂肪生成的作用。它可以降低PPAR γ、C/EBPα及其靶基因如LPL(脂蛋白脂肪酶)、CD36、aP2和LXRα mRNA 的表达水平。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
---|---|---|---|---|
6-巯嘌呤-9-beta-D-呋喃核糖苷2',3',5'-三乙酸酯 | 6-thio-9-(2',3',5'-tri-O-acetyl-β-D-ribosyl)purine | 3021-21-4 | C16H18N4O7S | 410.408 |
6-氯嘌呤核苷 | 6-Chloropurine riboside | 5399-87-1 | C10H11ClN4O4 | 286.675 |
腺苷 | adenosine | 58-61-7 | C10H13N5O4 | 267.244 |
肌苷 | inosine | 58-63-9 | C10H12N4O5 | 268.229 |
—— | N6-methoxyadenosine | 19399-25-8 | C11H15N5O5 | 297.271 |
鸟苷 | GUANOSINE | 118-00-3 | C10H13N5O5 | 283.244 |
—— | 6-<(propylthio)thio>-9-(β-D-ribofuranosyl)purine | 130948-35-5 | C13H18N4O4S2 | 358.442 |
2,3,5-三-O-乙酰基-6-氯嘌呤-9-β-D-呋喃核糖苷 | 2',3',5'-O-triacetyl-6-chloroinosine | 5987-73-5 | C16H17ClN4O7 | 412.787 |
2’,3’,5’-三乙酰肌苷 | 2',3',5'-tri-O-acetylinosine | 3181-38-2 | C16H18N4O8 | 394.341 |
S-(4-硝基苄基)-6-硫肌苷 | nitrobenzylthioinosine | 38048-32-7 | C17H17N5O6S | 419.418 |
—— | 2',3',5'-tri-O-benzoylinosine | 6741-88-4 | C31H24N4O8 | 580.554 |
尿嘧啶核苷 | uridine | 58-96-8 | C9H12N2O6 | 244.204 |
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
---|---|---|---|---|
6-硫代肌苷 5'-单磷酸酯 | {[(2R,3S,4R,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(6-sulfanyl-9H-purin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy}phosphonic acid | 53-83-8 | C10H13N4O7PS | 364.276 |
9 - (Β-D -呋喃核糖)嘌呤 | Nebularin | 550-33-4 | C10H12N4O4 | 252.23 |
6-巯嘌呤-9-beta-D-呋喃核糖苷2',3',5'-三乙酸酯 | 6-thio-9-(2',3',5'-tri-O-acetyl-β-D-ribosyl)purine | 3021-21-4 | C16H18N4O7S | 410.408 |
—— | 9-β-D-ribofuranosylpurine-6-sulfenamide | 123002-35-7 | C10H13N5O4S | 299.31 |
6-甲硫基嘌呤核苷 | 6-Methylmercaptopurine riboside | 342-69-8 | C11H14N4O4S | 298.323 |
—— | 6-Ethylmercaptopurine riboside | 13286-04-9 | C12H16N4O4S | 312.349 |
—— | 6-(propylthio)-9-(β-D-ribofuranosyl)purine | 92035-03-5 | C13H18N4O4S | 326.376 |
—— | 6-<(propylthio)thio>-9-(β-D-ribofuranosyl)purine | 130948-35-5 | C13H18N4O4S2 | 358.442 |
—— | 6-acetonylthioinosine | 71052-74-9 | C13H16N4O5S | 340.36 |
—— | 6-benzylthio-purine riboside | —— | C17H18N4O4S | 374.42 |
—— | (2R,3R,4S,5R)-2-[6-[(4-fluorophenyl)methylsulfanyl]purin-9-yl]-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-3,4-diol | —— | C17H17FN4O4S | 392.411 |
—— | (2R,3R,4S,5R)-2-[6-[(4-bromophenyl)methylsulfanyl]purin-9-yl]-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-3,4-diol | —— | C17H17BrN4O4S | 453.316 |
—— | 6-S-((4-Chlorophenyl)methyl)-6-thioinosine | 51375-21-4 | C17H17ClN4O4S | 408.865 |
—— | (2R,3R,4S,5R)-2-[6-[(2-fluorophenyl)methylsulfanyl]purin-9-yl]-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-3,4-diol | —— | C17H17FN4O4S | 392.411 |
2',3'-O-异亚丙基-6-硫代肌苷 | 2'-3'-O-Isopropylidene-6-mercaptopurine riboside | 5856-48-4 | C13H16N4O4S | 324.36 |
—— | (2R,3R,4S,5R)-2-[6-[(2-chlorophenyl)methylsulfanyl]purin-9-yl]-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-3,4-diol | —— | C17H17ClN4O4S | 408.865 |
—— | 6-phenacylthioinosine | 51375-22-5 | C18H18N4O5S | 402.431 |
—— | 6-[[(benzo[1,2,5]oxadiazol-5-yl)methyl]sulfanyl]-9-β-D-ribofuranosyl-9H-purine | 566193-95-1 | C17H16N6O5S | 416.417 |
—— | 6-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)thioinosine | 600736-36-5 | C16H14N6O8S | 450.389 |
—— | 9-{5'-O-(4,4'-dimethoxytriphenylmethyl)-2'-O-[(tert-butyl)dimethylsilyl]-β-D-ribofuranosyl}-9H-purine 3'-(2-cyanoethyl N,N-diisopropylphosphoramidite) | —— | C46H61N6O7PSi | 869.086 |
—— | 2',3'-O-isopropylidene-5'-O-(di-tert-butylphosphoramidite)-6-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)thioinosine | 1359697-42-9 | C27H37N6O11PS | 684.664 |