过氧化苯甲酰 | 94-36-0

• 物质功能分类: 食品添加剂 - 面粉处理剂
• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 苯类化合物 - 苯和取代衍生物
• 中文名称: 过氧化苯甲酰
• 中文别名: BPO；二苯甲酰过氧化物；过氧化二甲苯酰；过氧苯甲酰；过氧化二苯甲酰；过氧化苯酰糊；过氧化苯甲酰糊
• 英文名称: dibenzoyl peroxide
• 英文别名: BENZOYL PEROXIDE；DBPO；BPO；benzoic peroxyanhydride；benzoyl benzenecarboperoxoate
• CAS: 94-36-0
• 化学式: C₁₄H₁₀O₄
• mdl: MFCD00003071
• 分子量: 242.231
• InChiKey: OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N

物化性质

• 熔点：
  105 °C(lit.)
• 沸点：
  176°F
• 密度：
  1.16 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
• 闪点：
  >230 °F
• 溶解度：
  水中的溶解度0.35毫克/升
• 暴露限值：
  TLV-TWA 5 mg/m3; IDLH 7000 mg/m3.
• LogP：
  3.2 at 20℃
• 物理描述：
  Benzoyl peroxide appears as odorless white powder or granules. Sinks in water. (USCG, 1999)
• 颜色/状态：
  Crystals
• 气味：
  Faint, benzaldehyde-like odor.
• 味道：
  Tasteless
• 蒸汽压力：
  7.0X10-5 mm Hg at 25 °C (est)
• 稳定性/保质期：

  1. 对上呼吸道有刺激性，对皮肤有强烈的刺激及致敏作用。进入眼睛会造成损害。该物质易燃且具有爆炸性和强刺激性，同时具备致敏性。

  2. 稳定性：不稳定

  3. 禁配物：强还原剂、酸类、碱类、醇类

  4. 应避免接触的条件：受热、光照、摩擦和震动

  5. 聚合危害：不发生聚合反应

  6. 分解产物：二氧化碳、苯甲酸、苯以及苯甲酸苯酯

• 自燃温度：
  80 °C
• 分解：
  Explosive decomposition above the melting point (103 °C) forms flammable products.
• 燃烧热：
  1551.7 kcal/mole
• 折光率：
  Index of refraction: 1.543

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  3.5
• 重原子数：
  18
• 可旋转键数：
  5
• 环数：
  2.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.0
• 拓扑面积：
  52.6
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  4

ADMET

代谢

过氧化苯酰的过氧键被裂解，形成2个苯甲酰氧自由基。苯甲酰氧自由基可能会与其他分子相互作用，形成苯甲酸；另外，苯甲酰氧自由基还可以进一步分解，释放出二氧化碳和苯基自由基。

The peroxide bond of benzoyl peroxide is cleaved to form 2 benzoyloxy radicals. The benzyoyloxy radicals may interact with other molecules, forming benzoic acid; alternatively, benzoyloxy radicals can break down further to release carbon dioxide and a phenyl radical.

来源:DrugBank

代谢

苯甲酸是一种主要代谢物。

Benzoic acid is a major metabolite.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

代谢

研究了(14)C-苯甲酰过氧化物在体外（切除的人皮肤）和体内（恒河猴）的经皮渗透和代谢分布。体外实验中，苯甲酰过氧化物通过角质层或毛囊开口，或者两者都通过，渗透进入皮肤，并在真皮侧作为苯甲酸被回收。体内实验中，通过局部和肌肉内注射小剂量(14)C-苯甲酰过氧化物后，从尿液中回收到的苯甲酸的量分别相当于放射性标记的45%和98%。我们得出结论，苯甲酰过氧化物本身渗透到皮肤层，并在其中转化为苯甲酸，随后苯甲酸被吸收进入系统循环。代谢物的肾清除速度足够快，以至于排除了它与甘氨酸在肝脏结合的可能性，因为在对恒河猴进行局部给药后，尿液中没有发现马尿酸，如果大量的苯甲酸通过肝脏，本应预期会出现这种情况。

The transepidermal penetration and metabolic disposition of (14)C-benzoyl peroxide were assessed in vitro (excised human skin) and in vivo (rhesus monkey). In vitro, the benzoyl peroxide penetrated into the skin, through the stratum corneum or the follicular openings, or both, and was recovered on the dermal side as benzoic acid. In vivo, benzoic acid was recovered from urine in amounts equivalent to 45% and 98% of the radiolabel following, respectively, topical and intramuscular administration of small amounts of (14)C-benzoyl peroxide. We conclude that benzoyl peroxide penetrates as such into the skin layers and is converted therein to benzoic acid, which, in turn is absorbed into the systemic circulation. Renal clearance of the metabolite is sufficiently rapid as to preclude its hepatic conjugation with glycine, since following topical administration to rhesus monkeys, no hippuric acid was found in the urine, as could have been expected had a significant amount of benzoic acid passed through the liver.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

代谢

过氧化苯甲酰（BzPO）在小鼠皮肤中既是肿瘤促进剂也是进展剂；然而，BzPO在这种组织中既不是启动剂也不是完全致癌物。尽管BzPO不具有诱变性，但已经观察到它能在暴露的细胞中产生DNA链断裂。这些作用被认为是通过BzPO的自由基衍生物介导的。以前的研究表明，角蛋白细胞中BzPO的代谢过程是通过过氧键的初始断裂开始的，产生苯甲酰氧自由基，这些自由基随后可以断裂形成苯基自由基和二氧化碳，或者从生物分子中提取氢原子生成苯甲酸。苯甲酸是角蛋白细胞产生的BzPO的主要稳定代谢物。在本研究中，我们调查了BzPO及其代谢物在无细胞系统中通过phi X-174质粒DNA产生链断裂的作用。在这个系统中，BzPO产生的DNA损伤在0.1-1 mM的浓度范围内呈剂量依赖性，并且需要铜的存在，而不需要其他过渡金属。相比之下，苯甲酸在这个系统中不产生DNA损伤，无论是否存在铜。在孵化过程中加入自旋捕捉剂，如N-叔丁基-α-苯基腈氧化物（PBN）、3,5-二溴-4-硝基苯磺酸盐和硝基苯，发现可以显著减少通过铜介导的BzPO激活产生的DNA损伤程度。电子顺磁共振光谱学研究表明，在铜介导的BzPO分解后，PBN捕捉的主要自由基是苯甲酰氧自由基。

Benzoyl peroxide (BzPO) is both a tumor promoter and progressor in mouse skin; however, BzPO is neither an initiator nor a complete carcinogen in this tissue. Although not mutagenic, BzPO has been observed to produce strand breaks in DNA of exposed cells. These actions are presumed to be mediated by free-radical derivatives of BzPO. Previous studies suggested that the metabolism of BzPO in keratinocytes proceeds via the initial cleavage of the peroxide bond, yielding benzoyloxy radicals which, in turn, can either fragment to form phenyl radicals and carbon dioxide or abstract H atoms from biomolecules to yield benzoic acid. Benzoic acid is the major stable metabolite of BzPO produced by keratinocytes. In the present study we have investigated the role of BzPO and its metabolites in the generation of strand scissions in a cell-free system using phi X-174 plasmid DNA. In this system BzPO produced DNA damage that was dose-dependent over a concentration range of 0.1-1 mM and required the presence of copper but not other transition metals. By contrast, benoic acid did not produce DNA damage in this system, either in the presence or in the absence of copper. The inclusion of spin trapping agents, such as N-tert-butyl-alpha-phenylnitrone (PBN), 3,5-dibromo-4-nitrosobenzenesulfonate, and nitrosobenzene, in incubations was found to significantly reduce the extent of DNA damage generated via the copper-mediated activation of BzPO. Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy studies suggested that the primary radical trapped by PBN following copper-mediated decomposition of BzPO was the benzoyloxy radical.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 毒性总结

鉴定和使用：过氧化苯甲酰形成无色至白色的晶体或颗粒状粉末。它被用作面粉、脂肪、油和蜡的漂白剂；聚合催化剂；不饱和油的干燥剂；药物和化妆品用途；无硫橡胶硫化；醋酸纱线的烧毁剂；奶酪的生产；以及压花乙烯基地板（专有的）。其主要医疗用途是治疗轻中度寻常痤疮（在这种情况下具有粉刺溶解作用）和酒渣鼻，但它也用于治疗压疮和静脉淤血溃疡。人体研究：唯一的并发症是3%的患者出现接触性刺激性皮炎，2%的患者出现接触性过敏性皮炎。过度暴露的潜在症状包括皮肤、眼睛和粘膜的刺激，以及过敏性皮炎。空气中浓度为12.2毫克/立方米及以上时，会显著刺激鼻子和喉咙。在工作环境中，它曾导致面包师出现过敏性接触性皮炎。过氧化苯甲酰和Cu(I)在双链DNA中诱导8-oxo-7,8-二氢-2'-脱氧鸟苷（8-oxodG）的形成比在单链DNA中更有效。此外，过氧化苯甲酰增加了人培养细胞中8-oxodG的数量。动物研究：如果不在放入兔结膜囊后五分钟内冲洗，过氧化苯甲酰尘埃会刺激兔子的眼睛。将含有10%过氧化苯甲酰的丙二醇溶液应用于豚鼠皮肤，导致轻微至中度的红斑。将20或40毫克过氧化苯甲酰单次应用于小鼠皮肤，诱导了明显的增生和暗基底角蛋白细胞数量的暂时增加。25只雄性和25只雌性小鼠分别被喂食含有不同剂量含18%过氧化苯甲酰的商业粉末的饮食（计算过的过氧化苯甲酰剂量：0、28、280和2800 ppm），持续80周，此时存活的小鼠数量分别为3、10、0和2只雄性和9、11、9和11只雌性；所有存活的动物随后被处死。在不同部位观察到一些肿瘤，但治疗组和对照组之间的总体肿瘤发生率没有显著差异。一组20只雄性大鼠每周两次皮下注射2.9毫克过氧化苯甲酰到右后腿，持续12周，并观察了14个月，此时所有动物仍然存活。注射部位或内部器官没有发现恶性肿瘤。过氧化苯甲酰在存在或不存在外源代谢系统的沙门氏菌typhimurium TA1535、TA1537、TA92、TA94、TA98或TA100中不具有诱变性。过氧化苯甲酰没有在中国仓鼠肺细胞培养中诱导多倍体或染色体畸变。过氧化苯甲酰是一种产生自由基的化合物，在鼠皮肤中作为肿瘤促进剂和进展剂。在非细胞毒浓度下，过氧化苯甲酰通过铜依赖性激活转化为活性产物，在培养的小鼠角蛋白细胞内生成8-OHDG。在3天大的鸡胚胎中使用空气室方法测试过氧化物对胚胎的毒性。所有过氧化物，包括过氧化苯甲酰，都以中等频率导致畸形。研究了过氧化苯甲酰在三种不同细胞系中的作用机制：NIH 3T3、HDCS和A431。发现过氧化苯甲酰通过在所有研究的细胞类型中诱导多聚ADP核糖基化来介导其效应，但程度不同，组蛋白H1作为多聚ADP核糖的常见受体。它还刺激了NIH 3T3和HDCS细胞中的抗氧化酶CuZn超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶的活性，但在A431细胞中则没有。在NIH 3T3和A431细胞中观察到了c-jun和c-fos表达的改变。过氧化苯甲酰似乎通过遗传和表观遗传机制介导其效应。

IDENTIFICATION AND USE: Benzoyl peroxide forms colorless to white crystals or a granular powder. It is used as a bleaching agent for flour, fats, oils, and waxes; polymerization catalyst; drying agent for unsaturated oils; pharmaceutical and cosmetic purposes; rubber vulcanization without sulfur; burnout agent for acetate yarns; production of cheese; and embossing vinyl flooring (proprietary). Its principal medical use is in the treatment of mild acne vulgaris (in which it is comedolytic) and acne rosacea, but it also is used in the treatment of decubital and stasis ulcers. HUMAN STUDIES: The only complications were contact irritant dermatitis in 3% and contact allergic dermatitis in 2% of patients treated with benzoyl peroxide. Potential symptoms of overexposure are irritation of skin, eyes, and mucous membranes, and sensitization dermatitis. Concentrations of 12.2 mg/cu m of air and higher resulted in pronounced irritation of the nose and throat. In the occupational setting it has produced allergic contact dermatitis in bakers. Benzoyl peroxide and Cu(I) induced 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) formation in double-stranded DNA more effectively than that in single-stranded DNA. Furthermore, benzoyl peroxide increased the amount of 8-oxodG in human cultured cells. ANIMAL STUDIES: Benzoyl peroxide dust irritates the eyes of rabbits if not washed out within five minutes after being placed in the conjunctival sac. Application of a 10% solution of benzoyl peroxide in propylene glycol to the skin of guinea-pigs resulted in slight to moderate erythema. A single application of either 20 or 40 mg benzoyl peroxide to the skin of mice induced marked hyperplasia and a temporary increase in the number of dark basal keratinocytes. Groups of 25 male and 25 female mice were fed a diet containing different doses of a commercial powder containing 18% benzoyl peroxide (calculated doses of benzoyl peroxide: 0, 28, 280 and 2800 ppm), for 80 weeks, at which time the number of survivors was 3, 10, 0 and 2 male mice and 9, 11, 9, and 11 females; all surviving animals were then killed. A few tumors at various sites were observed, but the overall tumor incidence did not differ significantly between treated and control groups. A group of 20 male rats received subcutaneous injections of 2.9 mg benzoyl peroxide into the right hind leg twice weekly for 12 weeks and were observed for 14 months, at which time all animals were still alive. No malignant tumor was found at the injection site or in internal organs. Benzoyl peroxide was not mutagenic in Salmonella typhimurium TA1535, TA1537, TA92, TA94, TA98 or TA100 either in the presence or absence of an exogenous metabolic system. Benzoyl peroxide did not induce polyploidy or chromosomal aberrations in cultured Chinese hamster lung cells. Benzoyl peroxide is a free radical generating compound that acts as a tumor promoter and progressor in mouse skin. Benzoyl peroxide at non-cytotoxic concentration undergoes copper dependent activation to a reactive product to generate 8-OHdG within cultured murine keratinocytes. Peroxides were tested for embryotoxicity in 3-day chicken embryos using the air-chamber method. All peroxides, including benzoyl peroxide, caused malformations at a moderate frequency. A comparison of the mechanism of action of benzoyl peroxide was studied in three different cell lines: NIH 3T3, HDCS and A431. Benzoyl peroxide was found to mediate its effect by inducing poly ADP-ribosylation in all the three cell types studied but to different extents, with histone H1 serving as a common acceptor for poly ADP-ribose. It also stimulated the activities of the antioxidant enzymes CuZn superoxide dismutase and catalase in NIH 3T3 and HDCS cells, but not in A431. Alterations in the expression of c-jun and c-fos were observed in NIH 3T3 and A431 cells. Benzoyl peroxide appeared to mediate its effect via genetic and epigenetic mechanisms.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 致癌性证据

评估：对于过氧化苯甲酰在人类中的致癌性，证据不足。在实验动物中，对于过氧化苯甲酰的致癌性证据有限。总体评估：过氧化苯甲酰的致癌性对人类不可分类（第3组）。

Evaluation: There is inadequate evidence in humans for the carcinogenicity of benzoyl peroxide. There is limited evidence in experimental animals for the carcinogenicity of benzoyl peroxide. Overall evaluation: Benzoyl peroxide is not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans (Group 3).

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 致癌性证据

A4：不能归类为人类致癌物。

A4: Not classifiable as a human carcinogen.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 致癌物分类

国际癌症研究机构致癌物：过氧化苯甲酰

IARC Carcinogenic Agent:Benzoyl peroxide

来源:International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)

毒理性

• 致癌物分类

国际癌症研究机构（IARC）致癌物分类：第3组：无法归类其对人类致癌性

IARC Carcinogenic Classes:Group 3: Not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans

来源:International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)

吸收、分配和排泄

• 吸收

在一个取下的皮肤样本中，1.9%的放射性标记外用剂量完全穿透皮肤，而2.6%残留在皮肤中。完全穿透皮肤的放射性标记剂量以苯甲酸的形式被回收，而皮肤中的剂量大约一半是苯甲酸，另一半是对苯二酚。经过8小时后，95.5%的放射性标记剂量未被吸收或代谢。

In a sample of excised skin, 1.9% of a radiolabelled topical dose fully penetrates the skin, and 2.6% remains in the skin. The radiolabelled dose that fully penetrates the skin is recovered as benzoic acid, while the dose in the skin is approximately half benzoic acid and half benzoyl peroxide. 95.5% of a radiolabelled dose is not absorbed or metabolized after 8 hours.

来源:DrugBank

吸收、分配和排泄

• 消除途径

过氧化苯甲酰的代谢物苯甲酸，通过尿液排出。关于通过粪便排出的数据不易获得。

Benzoyl peroxide's metabolite benzoic acid, is eliminated in the urine. Data regarding fecal elimination is not readily available.

来源:DrugBank

吸收、分配和排泄

大约一半浓度的过氧化苯甲酰在涂抹到灵长类动物的前臂后会被一定程度地吸收。

Approximately one-half of a dose of benzoyl peroxide is absorbed to some extent after topical application to the forearm of primates ... .

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

吸收、分配和排泄

从含有自由分散药物的局部乳液中苯甲酰过氧化物的皮肤吸收与同种乳液中药物被包裹在控制释放的苯乙烯-二乙烯苯聚合物系统中的吸收进行了比较。在体外扩散系统中，发现切除的人皮肤中苯甲酰过氧化物含量和经皮吸收方面有统计学上的显著差异（p = 0.01）。在活体实验中，从聚合物系统中通过猕猴皮肤的苯甲酰过氧化物吸收显著减少（p = 0.002）。这种控制释放的苯甲酰过氧化物到皮肤可以改变疗效与皮肤刺激之间的剂量关系。相应的 studies 在兔子和人类中进行的累积刺激性研究中显示减少了皮肤刺激，而活体人类抗菌疗效研究显示，含有包裹苯甲酰过氧化物的制剂显著减少了痤疮丙酸杆菌（p小于0.001）和好氧细菌（p小于0.001）的数量以及皮肤脂质中的游离脂肪酸/甘油三酯比率。这些发现支持了这一假设，至少对于这种药物而言，控制的局部给药可以在不牺牲疗效的情况下提高安全性。

Skin absorption of benzoyl peroxide from a topical lotion containing freely dispersed drug was compared with that from the same lotion in which the drug was entrapped in a controlled-release styrene-divinylbenzene polymer system. In an in vitro diffusion system, statistically significant (p = 0.01) differences were found in the content of benzoyl peroxide in excised human skin and in percutaneous absorption. In vivo, significantly (p = 0.002) less benzoyl peroxide was absorbed through rhesus monkey skin from the polymeric system. This controlled release of benzoyl peroxide to skin can alter the dose relation that exists between efficacy and skin irritation. Corresponding studies showed reduced skin irritation in cumulative irritancy studies in rabbits and human beings, whereas in vivo human antimicrobial efficacy studies showed that application of the formulations containing entrapped benzoyl peroxide significantly reduced counts of Propionibacterium acnes (p less than 0.001) and aerobic bacteria (p less than 0.001) and the free fatty acid/triglyceride ratio in skin lipids. These findings support the hypothesis that, at least for this drug, controlled topical delivery can enhance safety without sacrificing efficacy.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

吸收、分配和排泄

过氧苯甲酰的经皮渗透和代谢分布是在体外（切除的人体皮肤）和体内（猕猴）进行的评估。体外实验中，过氧苯甲酰通过角质层或毛囊开口，或者两者兼有，渗透进入皮肤，并在真皮侧以苯甲酸的形式被回收。体内实验中，在给予小量(14)C-过氧苯甲酰的局部和肌肉注射后，从尿液中回收的苯甲酸的量分别相当于放射性标记的45%和98%。我们得出结论，过氧苯甲酰以原样渗透进入皮肤层，并在其中转化为苯甲酸，随后苯甲酸被吸收进入系统循环。代谢物的肾清除速度足够快，以至于排除了它与甘氨酸在肝脏结合的可能性，因为在对猕猴进行局部给药后，尿液中没有发现马尿酸，如果大量的苯甲酸通过肝脏，本应预期会检测到马尿酸。

The transepidermal penetration and metabolic disposition of (14)C-benzoyl peroxide were assessed in vitro (excised human skin) and in vivo (rhesus monkey). In vitro, the benzoyl peroxide penetrated into the skin, through the stratum corneum or the follicular openings, or both, and was recovered on the dermal side as benzoic acid. In vivo, benzoic acid was recovered from urine in amounts equivalent to 45% and 98% of the radiolabel following, respectively, topical and intramuscular administration of small amounts of (14)C-benzoyl peroxide. We conclude that benzoyl peroxide penetrates as such into the skin layers and is converted therein to benzoic acid, which, in turn is absorbed into the systemic circulation. Renal clearance of the metabolite is sufficiently rapid as to preclude its hepatic conjugation with glycine, since following topical administration to rhesus monkeys, no hippuric acid was found in the urine, as could have been expected had a significant amount of benzoic acid passed through the liver.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

安全信息

• 职业暴露等级：
  B
• 职业暴露限值：
  TWA: 5 mg/m3
• TSCA：
  Yes
• 危险等级：
  5.2
• 立即威胁生命和健康浓度：
  1,500 mg/m3
• 危险品标志：
  E
• 安全说明：
  S14,S14A,S17,S26,S3/7,S35,S36/37,S36/37/39,S45,S47,S53,S60,S61,S7
• 危险类别码：
  R36,R2,R43
• WGK Germany：
  2
• 海关编码：
  2916320000
• 危险品运输编号：
  UN 3108 5.2
• 危险类别：
  5.2
• RTECS号：
  DM8575000
• 包装等级：
  II
• 危险标志：
  GHS02,GHS07,GHS08,GHS09
• 危险性描述：
  H242,H317,H319,H360Df,H400
• 危险性防范说明：
  P201,P220,P273,P280,P305 + P351 + P338,P308 + P313
• 储存条件：
  储存时需以水作为稳定剂，一般含水量约为30%。库房温度应保持在2~25℃之间。为确保安全，请将其与还原剂、酸类、碱类及醇类分开存放，并严禁混储。不宜长时间存储，以免发生变质现象。请采用防爆型照明和通风设施，并禁止使用易产生火花的机械设备和工具。储存区域应准备合适的材料以收集泄漏物。同时，必须避免震动、撞击和摩擦。

SDS

国标编号:	52045
ＣＡＳ:	94-36-0
中文名称:	过氧化(二)苯甲酰
英文名称:	benzoyl peroxide；benzoyl superoxide
别 名:	过氧化苯甲酰
分子式:	C 14 H 10 O 4 ；(C 6 H 5 CO) 2 O 2
分子量:	242.23
熔 点:	103℃(分解)
密 度:	相对密度(水=1)1.33
蒸汽压:	分解(爆炸)
溶解性:	微溶于水、甲醇，溶于乙醇、乙醚、丙酮、苯、二硫化碳
稳定性:	稳定
外观与性状:	白色或淡黄色细炷，微有苦杏仁气味
危险标记:	12(有机过氧化物)
用 途:	用作塑料催化剂，油脂的精制，蜡的脱色，医药的制造等

2.对环境的影响:
一、健康危害

侵入途径：吸入、食入。
健康危害：本品对上呼吸道有刺激性。对皮肤有强烈的、刺激及致敏作用。进入眼内可造成损害。

二、毒理学资料及环境行为

急性毒性： LD507710mg/kg(大鼠经口)
危险特性：干燥状态下非常易燃，遇热、摩擦、震动或杂质污染均能引起爆炸性分解。急剧加热时可发生爆炸。与强酸、强碱、硫化物、还原剂、聚和用助催化剂和促进剂如二甲基苯胺、胺、胺类或金属环烷酸盐接触会剧烈反应。
燃烧(分解)产物：一氧化碳、二氧化碳。

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3.现场应急监测方法:

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4.实验室监测方法:
空气中：样品用过滤器收集后，用乙醚洗脱，再用高效液相色谱分析(NIOSH法)

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5.环境标准:
美国 车间卫生标准 5mg/m3

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6.应急处理处置方法:
一、泄漏应急处理

隔离泄漏污染区，限制出入。切断火源。建议应急处理人员戴自给式呼吸器，穿防毒服。不要直接接触泄漏物。小量泄漏：用惰性、潮湿的不燃材料混合吸收。大量泄漏：用水润湿，与有关技术部门联系，确定清除方法。

二、防护措施

呼吸系统防护：可能接触其粉末时，应该佩戴头罩型电动送风过滤式防尘呼吸器。
眼睛防护：呼吸系统防护中已作防护。
身体防护：穿聚乙烯防毒服。
手防护：戴橡胶手套。
其它：工作现场严禁吸烟。工作毕，淋浴更衣。注意个人清洁卫生。

三、急救措施

皮肤接触：立即脱去被污染的衣着，用大量流动清水冲洗，至少15分钟。就医。
眼睛接触：立即提起眼睑，用大量流动清水或生理盐水彻底冲洗至少15分钟。就医。
吸入：迅速脱离现场至空气新鲜处。保持呼吸道通畅。如呼吸困难，给输氧。如呼吸停止，立即进行人工呼吸。就医。
食入：误服者用水漱口，给饮牛奶或蛋清。就医。

灭火方法：消防人员须在有防爆掩蔽处操作。灭火剂：雾状水、二氧化碳、砂土。遇大火切勿轻易接近。在物料附近失火，须用水保持容器冷却。

制备方法与用途

过氧化苯甲酰是一种常用的化学物质，具有多种用途和生产方法。以下是对其主要信息的总结：

主要用途

1. 塑料聚合催化剂：用于合成PVC、聚丙烯腈等。
2. 交联剂与引发剂：广泛应用于不饱和聚酯树脂固化、有机玻璃胶粘剂及橡胶（如硅橡胶和氟橡胶）的交联或硫化。
3. 漂白剂和氧化剂，可应用于化工生产中。
4. 面粉品质改良剂：主要用于小麦粉漂白与杀菌作用。

生产方法

1. 通过双氧水与苯甲酰氯在低温条件下反应制备。
2. 反应过程需控制温度以避免过氧化氢分解及苯甲酰氯的水解。
3. 成品经过过滤、洗涤和重结晶后可获得高纯度产品。

安全信息

• 毒性：属低毒级别，但长期暴露仍可能对人体健康产生不利影响。
• 刺激性：对眼睛有轻度刺激作用。
• 爆炸风险：与还原剂或有机物接触易引发爆炸。
• 可燃性：遇火源、光照或强烈热源则可能发生燃烧。

储存与运输

应储存在通风良好且干燥低温的仓库内，避免与其他危险化学品混存。

以上信息可以帮助您更好地了解过氧化苯甲酰的相关知识。在使用过程中，请务必遵循正确的操作规程和安全措施以确保自身及他人的安全健康。

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  过氧化苯甲酰 在 溶剂黄146 作用下， 生成 阿司匹林
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Gelissen; Hermans, Chemische Berichte, 1925, vol. 58, p. 768

  摘要：

  DOI：
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  他扎罗汀 在 过氧化苯甲酰 作用下， 生成 过氧化苯甲酰
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Benzoyl Peroxide Composition, Methods for Making Same, and Pharmaceutical or Cosmetic Formulations Comprising Same, and Uses Thereof

  摘要：

  本发明涉及制备包含过氧苯甲酰的组合物，可包含其他额外活性成分。该过程涉及将过氧苯甲酰以及其他任何活性成分引入含有并保护这些成分的脂肪物质中，以防止它们在接触时变得不稳定。该组合物设计为在脂肪物质软化和/或融化时，使所有成分可用于皮肤接触或皮肤吸收。过氧苯甲酰可以经预微粒化处理，粒度分布大小约为d90的0.1至150微米，优选d90的10至15微米。此外，医药或化妆品成分可以包含在脂肪物质中，其中可能含有或不含有过氧苯甲酰，或者可能存在于脂肪物质之外，但在使用脂肪物质保护的活性成分的制剂医药或化妆品产品中的其他地方。这些组合物可用于治疗疾病的水基配方，通过局部、经皮和/或皮下给药。

  公开号：

  US20120064135A1
• 作为试剂：
  描述：

  tert-butyl 2,3-dihydro-1-oxo-1H-indene-2-carboxylate 在 四丁基碘化铵 、 sodium nitrite 、 过氧化苯甲酰 作用下， 以 1,2-二氯乙烷 为溶剂， 以69 %的产率得到tert-butyl 2-nitro-1-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-indene-2-carboxylate
  参考文献：
  名称：

  四丁基碘化铵催化叠氮化钠氧化 α-叠氮化 β-酮羰基化合物

  摘要：

   抽象的 我们在此报道了在四丁基碘化铵（TBAI）催化下，在过氧化二苯甲酰存在下，使用NaN 3进行羰基化合物的氧化α-叠氮化反应。通过利用这些容易获得的散装化学品，可以在操作简单的条件下有效地对各种环状β-酮羰基衍生物进行α-叠氮化。对照实验支持一种机制方案，涉及原位形成次碘酸铵物质，该物质首先促进亲核试剂的α-碘化，然后由叠氮化物进行相转移催化的亲核取代。此外，我们还表明，在其他相同的条件下使用NaNO 2进行类似的α-硝化也是可能的。 贝尔斯坦 J. 组织。化学。 2024, 20, 1510–1517。 doi:10.3762/bjoc.20.135

  DOI：

  10.3762/bjoc.20.135

文献信息

• Additives and products including oligoesters
  申请人：——

  公开号：US20030199593A1

  公开（公告）日：2003-10-23

  The present invention relates to oligoesters and their use or the creation of additives. Oligoester containing additives and/or oligoesters themselves may be used for formulating pharmaceutical preparations, cosmetics or personal care products such as shampoos and conditioners. These oligoesters are particularly useful for the creation of multi-purpose additives that can impart conditioning, long substantivity and/or UV protection. Individual oligoesters and oligoester mixtures are described.

  本发明涉及寡酯及其用途或添加剂的制备。含有寡酯的添加剂和/或寡酯本身可用于配制药物制剂、化妆品或个人护理产品，如洗发水和护发素。这些寡酯对于制备能够赋予调理、长效性和/或紫外线保护的多功能添加剂特别有用。描述了单独的寡酯和寡酯混合物。
• [EN] IMIDAZOLE DERIVATIVES USEFUL AS INHIBITORS OF FAAH<br/>[FR] DÉRIVÉS IMIDAZOLE UTILES COMME INHIBITEURS DE LA FAAH
  申请人：MERCK & CO INC

  公开号：WO2009152025A1

  公开（公告）日：2009-12-17

  The present invention is directed to certain imidazole derivatives which are useful as inhibitors of Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase (FAAH). The invention is also concerned with pharmaceutical formulations comprising these compounds as active ingredients and the use of the compounds and their formulations in the treatment of certain disorders, including osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetic neuropathy, postherpetic neuralgia, skeletomuscular pain, and fibromyalgia, as well as acute pain, migraine, sleep disorder, Alzeimer Disease, and Parkinson's Disease.

  本发明涉及某些咪唑衍生物，其可用作脂肪酰胺水解酶（FAAH）的抑制剂。该发明还涉及包含这些化合物作为活性成分的药物配方，以及这些化合物及其配方在治疗某些疾病中的使用，包括骨关节炎、类风湿性关节炎、糖尿病性神经病、带状疱疹后神经痛、骨骼肌肉疼痛和纤维肌痛，以及急性疼痛、偏头痛、睡眠障碍、阿尔茨海默病和帕金森病。
• [EN] PYRAZOLE DERIVATIVES USEFUL AS INHIBITORS OF FAAH<br/>[FR] DÉRIVÉS DE PYRAZOLE UTILES COMME INHIBITEURS DE FAAH
  申请人：MERCK & CO INC

  公开号：WO2009151991A1

  公开（公告）日：2009-12-17

  The present invention is directed to certain imidazole derivatives which are useful as inhibitors of Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase (FAAH). The invention is also concerned with pharmaceutical formulations comprising these compounds as active ingredients and the use of the compounds and their formulations in the treatment of certain disorders, including osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetic neuropathy, postherpetic neuralgia, skeletomuscular pain, and fibromyalgia, as well as acute pain, migraine, sleep disorder, Alzheimer disease, and Parkinson's disease

  本发明涉及某些咪唑衍生物，其可用作脂肪酰胺水解酶（FAAH）的抑制剂。该发明还涉及包含这些化合物作为活性成分的药物配方，以及这些化合物及其配方在治疗某些疾病中的使用，包括骨关节炎、类风湿性关节炎、糖尿病神经病变、带状疱疹后神经痛、骨骼肌肉疼痛和纤维肌痛，以及急性疼痛、偏头痛、睡眠障碍、阿尔茨海默病和帕金森病。
• PYRAZOLO[1,5a]PYRIMIDINE DERIVATIVES AS IRAK4 MODULATORS
  申请人：Arora Nidhi

  公开号：US20120015962A1

  公开（公告）日：2012-01-19

  Compounds of the formula I or II: wherein X, m, Ar, R 1 and R 2 are as defined herein. The subject compounds are useful for treatment of IRAK-mediated conditions.

  式I或II的化合物： 其中X，m，Ar，R1和R2如本文所定义。所述化合物对于治疗IRAK介导的疾病是有用的。
• Cell adhesion-inhibiting antiinflammatory and immune-suppressive compounds
  申请人：Abbott Laboratories

  公开号：US20040116518A1

  公开（公告）日：2004-06-17

  The present invention relates to novel cinnamide compounds that are useful for treating inflammatory and immune diseases and cerebral vasospasm, to pharmaceutical compositions containing these compounds, and to methods of inhibiting inflammation or suppressing immune response in a mammal.

  本发明涉及新型肉桂酰胺化合物，用于治疗炎症和免疫性疾病以及脑血管痉挛，以及含有这些化合物的药物组合物，以及在哺乳动物中抑制炎症或抑制免疫反应的方法。

表征谱图