Catalytic Conversion of Cellulose to Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuels by Progressive Removal of Oxygen to Facilitate Separation Processes and Achieve High Selectivities
申请人:Dumesic James A.
公开号:US20100324310A1
公开(公告)日:2010-12-23
Described is a method to make liquid chemicals, such as functional intermediates, solvents, and liquid fuels from biomass-derived cellulose. The method is cascading; the product stream from an upstream reaction can be used as the feedstock in the next downstream reaction. The method includes the steps of deconstructing cellulose to yield a product mixture comprising levulinic acid and formic acid, converting the levulinic acid to γ-valerolactone, and converting the γ-valerolactone to pentanoic acid. Alternatively, the γ-valerolactone can be converted to a mixture of n-butenes. The pentanoic acid so formed can be further reacted to yield a host of valuable products. For example, the pentanoic acid can be decarboxylated yield 1-butene or ketonized to yield 5-nonanone. The 5-nonanone can be hydrodeoxygenated to yield nonane, or 5-nonanone can be reduced to yield 5-nonanol. The 5-nonanol can be dehydrated to yield nonene, which can be dimerized to yield a mixture of C
9
and C
18
olefins, which can be hydrogenated to yield a mixture of alkanes. Alternatively, the nonene may be isomerized to yield a mixture of branched olefins, which can be hydrogenated to yield a mixture of branched alkanes. The mixture of n-butenes formed from γ-valerolactone can also be subjected to isomerization and oligomerization to yield olefins in the gasoline, jet and Diesel fuel ranges.
描述了一种从生物质衍生的纤维素制备液体化学品(如功能中间体、溶剂和液体燃料)的方法。该方法是级联的;从上游反应产生的产品流可以用作下游反应中的原料。该方法包括将纤维素解构以产生含有乙酸和甲酸的产品混合物,将乙酸转化为γ-戊内酯,将γ-戊内酯转化为戊酸的步骤。另外,γ-戊内酯可以转化为正丁烯的混合物。因此形成的戊酸可以进一步反应以产生一系列有价值的产品。例如,戊酸可以脱羧生成1-丁烯,或者进行酮化生成5-壬酮。5-壬酮可以水脱氧生成壬烷,或者5-壬酮可以还原生成5-壬醇。5-壬醇可以脱水生成壬烯,壬烯可以二聚生成C9和C18烯烃的混合物,可以加氢生成烷烃的混合物。另外,壬烯可以异构化生成支链烯烃的混合物,可以加氢生成支链烷烃的混合物。从γ-戊内酯生成的正丁烯混合物也可以经过异构化和寡聚化生成汽油、喷气和柴油燃料范围内的烯烃。