花椒毒醇属于线性呋喃香豆素,在其第五位点上取代基团为羟基。在中药植物资源中,花椒毒醇主要存在于伞形科、芸香科、桑科、爵床科及鼠李科植物中。其中,伞形科和芸香科最为常见,研究者通常从伞形科植物中提取天然花椒毒酚。根据《中华人民共和国药典》,在17种收录的伞形科中药中有8种存在花椒毒醇,包括蛇床子、羌活、明党参根、白芷、北沙参、防风、前胡和白云花根。其他芸香科植物如枳壳、枳实、芫荽、花椒、黄皮以及鼠李科的铁篱笆果和爵床科的穿心莲也含有花椒毒醇。这些中药大多具有苦、辛味,提示花椒毒醇可能是“苦辛味”的一种重要因素。这种药性特点也与它的药理功能如抗肿瘤、抗炎镇痛相符。
抗肿瘤作用花椒毒醇能抑制肿瘤细胞增殖。对体外培养的Hela-S3细胞有明显的抑制作用,虽然其效果比蛇床子素稍弱。此外,它还对人肝癌细胞株SMMC-7721、Hep G2、人肺癌细胞株A-549、人胃癌细胞株MKN-45及人乳腺癌细胞株MCF-7和MDA-MB-2317具有抑制作用。有研究报道花椒毒醇对MCF-7的抑制效果更佳。
生物活性Xanthotoxol(8-Hydroxypsoralen)是一种线性呋喃香豆素,具有多种生物活性,如抗炎、抗氧化、5-HT拮抗和神经保护作用等。
靶点人类内源代谢物 | 褪黑激素 |
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花椒毒醇是一种绿色粉末,可溶于甲醇、乙醇及DMSO等有机溶剂。它来源于蛇床植物,并具有多种药理作用,包括抗炎、镇咳、平喘、祛痰、细胞毒性以及对HeLa细胞的增殖抑制作用。除此之外,它还具有解痉和致突变性,在强紫外线照射下,能够引起DNA的致命损害;抑制植物生长;以及对抗心律失常的作用。
在药物研究中,花椒毒酚可用于含量测定/鉴定/药理实验等,并表现出平喘、祛痰、抗过敏作用。此外,它还能防止糖皮质激素引起的骨质疏松、镇痛和耐缺氧等功效。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
---|---|---|---|---|
8-甲氧基补骨脂素 | 9-methoxy-7H-furo[3,2-g][1]benzopyran-7-one | 298-81-7 | C12H8O4 | 216.193 |
欧前胡素 | imperatorin | 482-44-0 | C16H14O4 | 270.285 |
8-香叶草氧基补骨脂素 | 8-geranyloxypsoralen | 7437-55-0 | C21H22O4 | 338.403 |
补骨脂素 | psoralen | 66-97-7 | C11H6O3 | 186.167 |
(E)-9-[[5-(3,3-二甲基环氧乙烷基)-3-甲基-2-戊烯基]氧基]-7H-呋喃并[3,2-g][1]苯并吡喃-7-酮 | 6',7'-Epoxy-8-geranyloxypsoralen | 143390-87-8 | C21H22O5 | 354.403 |
7-羟基香豆素 | 7-hydroxy-2H-chromen-2-one | 93-35-6 | C9H6O3 | 162.145 |
—— | wampetin | 89824-26-0 | C21H18O6 | 366.37 |
9-{[(2E)-3-甲基-4-(4-甲基-5-氧代-2,5-二氢-2-呋喃基)-2-丁烯-1-基]氧基}-7H-呋喃并[3,2-g]苯并吡喃-7-酮 | indicolactone | 87838-97-9 | C21H18O6 | 366.37 |
7-乙酰氧基香豆素 | 7-acetyloxycoumarin | 10387-49-2 | C11H8O4 | 204.182 |
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
---|---|---|---|---|
8-甲氧基补骨脂素 | 9-methoxy-7H-furo[3,2-g][1]benzopyran-7-one | 298-81-7 | C12H8O4 | 216.193 |
5,8-二羟基补骨脂素 | 5,8-dihydroxypsoralen | 14348-23-3 | C11H6O5 | 218.166 |
—— | 9-ethoxy-7H-furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one | 83934-65-0 | C13H10O4 | 230.22 |
—— | 8-methoxymethyl-xanthotoxol | 1246953-73-0 | C13H10O5 | 246.219 |
—— | 9-(2-Hydroxy-ethoxy)-furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one | 96616-55-6 | C13H10O5 | 246.219 |
—— | 8-propargyloxypsoralen | —— | C14H8O4 | 240.215 |
—— | 9-propoxy-7H-furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one | 78497-55-9 | C14H12O4 | 244.247 |
—— | 9-(2-propen-1-yloxy)-7H-furo[3,2-g][1]benzopyran-7-one | 62188-89-0 | C14H10O4 | 242.231 |
—— | 9-(2-bromoethoxy)-7H-furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one | 58042-53-8 | C13H9BrO4 | 309.116 |
—— | 1,2-bis(psoralen-8-yloxy)ethane | 89215-07-6 | C24H14O8 | 430.37 |
7H-呋喃并[3,2-g][1]苯并吡喃-7-酮,9-(3-氨基丙氧基)- | 9-(3-aminopropoxy)-7H-furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one | 119802-72-1 | C14H13NO4 | 259.262 |
—— | 8-(3-bromopropoxy)psoralen | 69150-32-9 | C14H11BrO4 | 323.143 |
—— | 9-butoxy-7H-furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one | 15558-40-4 | C15H14O4 | 258.274 |
—— | 9-(pentyloxy)-7H-furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one | 1265563-10-7 | C16H16O4 | 272.301 |
—— | 1,5-bis(psoralen-8-yloxy)-3-oxapentane | 89215-08-7 | C26H18O9 | 474.424 |
欧前胡素 | imperatorin | 482-44-0 | C16H14O4 | 270.285 |
—— | 9-(2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy)-7H-furan[3,2-g]chromene-7-one | 1161814-37-4 | C15H15NO4 | 273.288 |
—— | 9-(3-methylbutoxy)-7H-furo-[3,2-g]chromen-7-one | —— | C16H16O4 | 272.301 |
—— | 8-(4-phenoxybutoxy)psoralen | 1158849-73-0 | C21H18O5 | 350.371 |
—— | 1,5-bis(psoralen-8-yloxy)pentane | 89215-10-1 | C27H20O8 | 472.451 |
—— | 8-(4'-bromobutyloxy)psoralen | 69150-33-0 | C15H13BrO4 | 337.17 |
—— | 8-hexoxypsoralen | —— | C17H18O4 | 286.328 |
—— | 2-(2-oxofurano[3,2-g]2H-chromen-9-yloxy)acetic acid | 2494-61-3 | C13H8O6 | 260.203 |
—— | 9-(2-azidoethoxy)-7H-furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one | 1458717-79-7 | C13H9N3O4 | 271.232 |
—— | 1,11-bis(psoralen-8-yloxy)-3,6,9-trioxaundecane | 89215-09-8 | C30H26O11 | 562.53 |
—— | 9-(3-(dimethylamino)propoxy)-7H-furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one | 1253203-58-5 | C16H17NO4 | 287.315 |
—— | 9-(heptyloxy)-7H-furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one | 1265563-11-8 | C18H20O4 | 300.354 |
—— | 9-Dodecoxyfuro[3,2-g]chromen-7-one | —— | C23H30O4 | 370.489 |
—— | 1,8-bis(psoralen-8-yloxy)octane | 89215-11-2 | C30H26O8 | 514.532 |
—— | 9-(octyloxy)-7H-furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one | 1265563-28-7 | C19H22O4 | 314.381 |
—— | 9-n-decyloxy-7H-furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one | —— | C21H26O4 | 342.435 |
—— | 9-(5-bromopentyloxy)-7H-furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one | —— | C16H15BrO4 | 351.197 |
—— | 8-((6-bromohexyl-1)oxy)psoralen | 85213-86-1 | C17H17BrO4 | 365.224 |
—— | 8-(1,1-dimethylpropargyloxy)psoralen | 89329-24-8 | C16H12O4 | 268.269 |
—— | 5-(8-psoralenyloxy)pentanoic acid | 155791-61-0 | C16H14O6 | 302.284 |
—— | Xanthotoxol-acetat | 10386-19-3 | C13H8O5 | 244.204 |
8-(3-二乙基氨基丙氧基)补骨脂素 | 9-[3-(Diethylamino)propoxy]furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one | 85079-39-6 | C18H21NO4 | 315.369 |
—— | 8-Methyloxycarbonylmethoxy-4',5',6,7-furocumarin | 92152-20-0 | C14H10O6 | 274.23 |
8-羟基佛手苷内酯 | 5-methoxy-8-hydroxy psoralen | 1603-47-0 | C12H8O5 | 232.193 |
—— | 8-(1,1-dimethylallyloxy)psoralen | 96139-13-8 | C16H14O4 | 270.285 |
—— | 9-(2-(diisopropylamino)ethoxy)-7H-furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one | —— | C19H23NO4 | 329.396 |
—— | 5-(8-psoralenyloxy)pentanoyl chloride | 155791-62-1 | C16H13ClO5 | 320.729 |
—— | 6-(7-Oxo-7H-furo[3,2-g]chromen-9-yloxy)-hexanoic Acid Methyl Ester | 936257-02-2 | C18H18O6 | 330.337 |
—— | 9-benzyloxy-7H-furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one | 42207-40-9 | C18H12O4 | 292.291 |
—— | ethyl 2-(2-oxofurano[3,2-g]2H-chromen-9-yloxy)acetate | 103292-74-6 | C15H12O6 | 288.257 |
—— | 9-(2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)ethoxy)-7H-furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one | —— | C17H17NO4 | 299.326 |
—— | ethyl 5-(8-psoralenyloxy)pentanoate | 155791-60-9 | C18H18O6 | 330.337 |
—— | 9-(2-piperidinoethoxy)-7H-furan[3,2-g]chromene-7-one | 1253203-59-6 | C18H19NO4 | 313.353 |
—— | 9-(4-methylbenzyloxy)-7H-furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one | 1265563-20-9 | C19H14O4 | 306.318 |
8-香叶草氧基补骨脂素 | 8-geranyloxypsoralen | 7437-55-0 | C21H22O4 | 338.403 |
—— | 8-((3-(4,7-dimethyl-1,4,7-triazacyclononyl-1)propyl-1)oxy)psoralen | 162934-49-8 | C22H29N3O4 | 399.49 |
—— | 9-(4-methoxybenzyloxy)-7H-furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one | 1265563-21-0 | C19H14O5 | 322.317 |
—— | 1,4-bis[(4'-(8-psoralenoxy))butyl]piperazine | —— | C34H34N2O8 | 598.653 |
—— | 7-oxo-7H-furo-[3,2-g]chromen-9-yl dimethylcarbamate | —— | C14H11NO5 | 273.245 |
—— | 9-(4-fluorobenzyloxy)-7H-furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one | 1265563-14-1 | C18H11FO4 | 310.281 |
—— | 9-(2-(benzylamino)ethoxy)-7H-furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one | —— | C20H17NO4 | 335.359 |
—— | 9-(4-chlorobenzyloxy)-7H-furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one | 1265563-17-4 | C18H11ClO4 | 326.736 |
—— | 1,4-bis[(6'-(8-psoralenoxy))hexyl]piperazine | 312694-17-0 | C38H42N2O8 | 654.76 |
—— | 2-(7-Oxo-7H-furo[3,2-g]chromen-9-yloxy)-propionic Acid Methyl Ester | 936257-01-1 | C15H12O6 | 288.257 |
—— | 1,4-bis[(8'-(8-psoralenoxy))octyl]piperazine | 312694-18-1 | C42H50N2O8 | 710.868 |
—— | 9-(3-chlorobenzyloxy)-7H-furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one | 1265563-16-3 | C18H11ClO4 | 326.736 |
—— | 9-(3-fluorobenzyloxy)-7H-furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one | 1265563-13-0 | C18H11FO4 | 310.281 |
—— | 8-hydroxy-5-prenyloxypsoralen | 49739-62-0 | C16H14O5 | 286.284 |
—— | 5-amino-8-methoxypsoralen | 49739-65-3 | C12H9NO4 | 231.208 |
—— | 9-(3-bromobenzyloxy)-7H-furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one | 1265563-19-6 | C18H11BrO4 | 371.187 |
—— | 9-(2-(benzyl(methyl)amino)ethoxy)-7H-furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one | 1253203-57-4 | C21H19NO4 | 349.386 |
—— | (7-oxofuro[3,2-g]chromen-9-yl) 2-oxopropyl carbonate | 109613-88-9 | C15H10O7 | 302.24 |
—— | 9-(2-chlorobenzyloxy)-7H-furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one | 1265563-15-2 | C18H11ClO4 | 326.736 |
—— | 4-Allyl-9-hydroxy-furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one | 65161-79-7 | C14H10O4 | 242.231 |
—— | 9-(2-fluorobenzyloxy)-7H-furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one | 1265563-12-9 | C18H11FO4 | 310.281 |
—— | 9-(2-bromobenzyloxy)-7H-furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one | 1265563-18-5 | C18H11BrO4 | 371.187 |
—— | 5,8-Diethoxypsoralen | —— | C15H14O5 | 274.273 |
—— | 6',7'-Dihydroxy-8-geranylpsoralen | —— | C21H24O6 | 372.418 |
8-甲氧基异欧前胡内酯 | cnidilin | 14348-22-2 | C17H16O5 | 300.311 |
—— | 5-geranyloxy-8-hydroxypsoralen | 1356928-59-0 | C21H22O5 | 354.403 |
珊瑚菜素 | phellopterin | 2543-94-4 | C17H16O5 | 300.311 |
(E)-9-[[5-(3,3-二甲基环氧乙烷基)-3-甲基-2-戊烯基]氧基]-7H-呋喃并[3,2-g][1]苯并吡喃-7-酮 | 6',7'-Epoxy-8-geranyloxypsoralen | 143390-87-8 | C21H22O5 | 354.403 |
蛇床素 | 5,8-diprenyloxypsoralen | 14348-21-1 | C21H22O5 | 354.403 |
—— | 5-geranyloxy-8-methoxypsoralen | 69239-53-8 | C22H24O5 | 368.43 |
—— | 5-Methoxy-8-geranyloxypsoralen | 17182-52-4 | C22H24O5 | 368.43 |
—— | N-(2-((7-oxo-7H-furo[3,2-g]chromen-9-yl)oxy)ethyl)nicotinamide | —— | C19H14N2O5 | 350.331 |
—— | N,N-bis(2-chloroethyl)phosphorodiamidic acid ester of 9-hydroxypsoralen | 88181-19-5 | C15H15Cl2N2O5P | 405.174 |
—— | 4-Nitro-benzoic acid 7-oxo-7H-furo[3,2-g]chromen-9-yl ester | 62188-91-4 | C18H9NO7 | 351.272 |
—— | 5-nitro-8-methoxypsoralen | 1930-56-9 | C12H7NO6 | 261.191 |
—— | N,N-bis(2-chloroethyl)phosphoramidochloridic acid ester of 9-hydroxypsoralen | 88181-18-4 | C15H13Cl3NO5P | 424.605 |
—— | xanthotoxin-4-sulfonyl chloride | 56201-56-0 | C12H7ClO6S | 314.703 |
—— | 5-(Diisoprenylamino)-9-methoxy-psoralen | 49739-67-5 | C22H25NO4 | 367.445 |
—— | 9-((4-phenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)methoxy)-7H-furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one | —— | C20H13N3O4 | 359.341 |
—— | 9-((1-(3-fluorobenzyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methoxy)-7H-furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one | —— | C21H14FN3O4 | 391.358 |