在1000mL烧杯中放入10g大孔强酸性苯乙烯系阳离子交换树脂(或强酸型732阳离子树脂),先用清水浸泡冲洗,放置于交换柱中。然后用4~5%盐酸溶液浸泡树脂2~4小时,放尽盐酸溶液后,再用清水淋洗至中性。
步骤2:重氮化及水解反应在100mL三口烧瓶中加入0.1mol(16.1g)对三氟甲基苯胺和16.1g大孔强酸性苯乙烯系阳离子交换树脂。在搅拌下滴入预先配置好的亚硝酸钠水溶液(0.1mol,含6.9g亚硝酸钠溶于6mL去离子水中)。控温至0℃,混合搅拌2小时进行重氮化反应。完成后,用80~100目筛过滤,分离出强酸性阳离子交换树脂;滤液升温到95~100℃直接进行水解反应1小时。水解后经过常压蒸馏除去水分,并减压精馏(8mmHg)收集71~72℃馏分得到目标产物对三氟甲基苯酚,产率可达90%。
分离出来的阳离子交换树脂需要再生使用,在交换柱中采用8%盐酸液浸泡2小时,放尽盐酸溶液后,再用去离子水洗至pH=4.5~6.5,即可循环用于下一批合成反应。
氯硅烷与溴三氟甲烷制备方法氯硅烷和溴三氟甲烷在-59℃条件下反应生成三氟甲基硅烷。随后,在催化剂存在下,三氟甲基硅烷与苯醌反应得到4-三乙基硅氧基-4-三氟甲基-2,5-环己二烯-1-酮,最后锌粉还原得到对三氟甲基苯酚,收率为71%。此方法避免了传统工艺中氢氟酸的使用,但反应需在无水条件下进行。若有水分存在,在碱性作用下,三氟甲基硅烷会迅速变成硅醇。
催化剂的作用反应所用催化剂均为碱类物质,但催化活性与碱强度之间的关系尚不明确,目前不清楚催化剂的具体作用机制。没有催化剂,反应无法进行。
化学性质和用途对三氟甲基苯酚为白色结晶状固体。 该化合物是重要的含氟有机医药及农药中间体,在合成多种新型抗癌药、抗艾滋病药、糖尿病药物、消炎药等方面有广泛应用,并可用于杀虫剂和除草剂的研究开发。
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4-三氟甲基苯甲醚 | methyl 4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl ether | 402-52-8 | C8H7F3O | 176.138 |
| —— | 4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl formate | 1233324-45-2 | C8H5F3O2 | 190.122 |
| 4-三氟甲基-二苯醚 | 1-phenoxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene | 2367-02-4 | C13H9F3O | 238.209 |
| 三氟甲苯 | α,α,α-trifluorotoluene | 98-08-8 | C7H5F3 | 146.112 |
| —— | 1-(allyloxy)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene | 104614-27-9 | C10H9F3O | 202.176 |
| 1-(叔丁氧基)-4-三氟甲苯 | para-trifluoromethylphenyl tert-butyl ether | 16222-44-9 | C11H13F3O | 218.219 |
| 4-苄氧基三氟甲苯 | 1-(benzyloxy)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene | 70097-65-3 | C14H11F3O | 252.236 |
| 对氯三氟甲苯 | 4-chlorobenzotrifluoride | 98-56-6 | C7H4ClF3 | 180.557 |
| —— | 4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl acrylate | 144261-40-5 | C10H7F3O2 | 216.16 |
| —— | 4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl methanesulfonate | 37903-93-8 | C8H7F3O3S | 240.203 |
| 1,3-二甲基-5-[4-(三氟甲基)苯氧基]苯 | 3',5'-dimethyl-4-trifluoromethyldiphenyl ether | 630389-89-8 | C15H13F3O | 266.263 |
| 对三氟甲基苯甲醛 | 4-Trifluoromethylbenzaldehyde | 455-19-6 | C8H5F3O | 174.122 |
| 对三氟甲基苯胺 | 4-Trifluoromethylaniline | 455-14-1 | C7H6F3N | 161.127 |
| 4-碘三氟甲苯 | 4-Iodobenzotrifluoride | 455-13-0 | C7H4F3I | 272.008 |
| 对溴三氟甲苯 | p-trifluoromethylphenyl bromide | 402-43-7 | C7H4BrF3 | 225.008 |
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4-三氟甲基苯甲醚 | methyl 4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl ether | 402-52-8 | C8H7F3O | 176.138 |
| —— | O-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)hydroxylamine | 92381-17-4 | C7H6F3NO | 177.126 |
| —— | 4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl formate | 1233324-45-2 | C8H5F3O2 | 190.122 |
| 1-乙氧基-4-(三氟甲基)苯 | 1-ethoxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene | 2366-92-9 | C9H9F3O | 190.165 |
| —— | 1-(ethynyloxy)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene | 1218905-89-5 | C9H5F3O | 186.133 |
| 4-三氟甲基-二苯醚 | 1-phenoxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene | 2367-02-4 | C13H9F3O | 238.209 |
| —— | 4,4-bis(trifluoromethyl)diphenylether | —— | C14H8F6O | 306.207 |
| 1-(二氟甲氧基)-4-(三氟甲基)苯 | 1-(difluoromethoxy)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene | 156570-16-0 | C8H5F5O | 212.119 |
| 1-(甲氧基甲氧基)-4-(三氟甲基)苯 | 4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl methoxymethyl ether | 174265-24-8 | C9H9F3O2 | 206.164 |
| 三氟甲苯 | α,α,α-trifluorotoluene | 98-08-8 | C7H5F3 | 146.112 |
| 2-(4-(三氟甲基)苯氧基)乙烷-1-醇 | 2-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]ethanol | 681508-62-3 | C9H9F3O2 | 206.164 |
| —— | 2-(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)acetaldehyde | 1036396-64-1 | C9H7F3O2 | 204.149 |
| —— | 1-(prop-2-yn-1-yloxy)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene | 63878-78-4 | C10H7F3O | 200.16 |
| 4-[(4-三氟甲基)苯氧基]苯酚 | p-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]phenol | 39634-42-9 | C13H9F3O2 | 254.208 |
| —— | 1-(2-bromoethoxy)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene | 125174-25-6 | C9H8BrF3O | 269.061 |
| 2-(4-三氟甲基苯氧基)乙腈 | (4-trifluoromethyl-phenoxy)-acetonitrile | 874804-02-1 | C9H6F3NO | 201.148 |
| 2-4-(三氟甲基苯氧基)乙胺盐酸盐 | 2-[4-(Trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]ethanamine | 681482-61-1 | C9H10F3NO | 205.18 |
| —— | 1-(allyloxy)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene | 104614-27-9 | C10H9F3O | 202.176 |
| 4-(三氟甲氧基)三氟甲苯 | 1-trifluoromethyl-4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzene | 80258-33-9 | C8H4F6O | 230.11 |
| —— | 3-(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)propan-1-ol | 194286-27-6 | C10H11F3O2 | 220.191 |
| 3-[4-(三氟甲基)苯氧基]-1-丙胺 | 3-(4-Trifluoromethyl-phenoxy)-propylamine | 100841-03-0 | C10H12F3NO | 219.207 |
| —— | 1-(3-bromopropoxy)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene | 169450-49-1 | C10H10BrF3O | 283.088 |
| —— | 3-(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)propanal | 1341868-93-6 | C10H9F3O2 | 218.175 |
| —— | (2E)-but-2-en-1-yl 4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl ether | 1394035-47-2 | C11H11F3O | 216.203 |
| —— | (2Z)-but-2-en-1-yl 4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl ether | 1394035-51-8 | C11H11F3O | 216.203 |
| 1-(2,2,2-三氟乙氧基)-4-(三氟甲基)苯 | 1-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene | 87014-30-0 | C9H6F6O | 244.136 |
| 4-(4-三氟甲基苯氧基)苯甲醛 | 4-(4-Trifluoromethylphenoxy)benzaldehyde | 90035-20-4 | C14H9F3O2 | 266.219 |
| —— | trimethyl[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]silane | 41571-86-2 | C10H13F3OSi | 234.293 |
| —— | [4-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenoxy)-phenyl]-methanol | 933786-79-9 | C14H11F3O2 | 268.235 |
| —— | tris(p-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl) borate | 1079366-57-6 | C21H12BF9O3 | 494.121 |
| —— | 4-(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)benzonitrile | 860004-31-5 | C14H8F3NO | 263.219 |
| 4-(三氟甲基)苯基乙酸酯 | 4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl acetate | 78950-29-5 | C9H7F3O2 | 204.149 |
| —— | 4-(4'-trifluoromethylphenoxy)-benzyl bromide | 117114-01-9 | C14H10BrF3O | 331.132 |
| —— | 4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl chloroformate | 34857-66-4 | C8H4ClF3O2 | 224.567 |
| —— | 4-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]butanenitrile | —— | C11H10F3NO | 229.202 |
| —— | 2-Methyl-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]propan-1-ol | 851528-39-7 | C11H13F3O2 | 234.218 |
| —— | 1-(4-bromobutoxy)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene | —— | C11H12BrF3O | 297.115 |
| —— | 1-(hexyloxy)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene | —— | C13H17F3O | 246.273 |
| —— | 6-[4-(Trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]hexan-1-ol | 1383151-26-5 | C13H17F3O2 | 262.272 |
| —— | 2-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenoxymethyl)-propane-1,3-diol | 851528-66-0 | C11H13F3O3 | 250.218 |
| —— | 1-methyl-2-(p-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)ethylamine | 89763-86-0 | C10H12F3NO | 219.207 |
| —— | 1-[4-(Trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]propan-2-one | 1036762-58-9 | C10H9F3O2 | 218.175 |
| —— | (2Z)-pent-2-en-1-yl 4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl ether | 1394035-52-9 | C12H13F3O | 230.23 |
| —— | 2-(α,α,α-trifluoro-p-tolyloxy)-1-propanol | 69183-54-6 | C10H11F3O2 | 220.191 |
| [4-(三氟甲基)苯氧基]-乙酸 | 2-(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)acetic acid | 163839-73-4 | C9H7F3O3 | 220.148 |
| 3-氯-4-羟基三氟甲苯 | 2-chloro-4-trifluoromethylphenol | 35852-58-5 | C7H4ClF3O | 196.556 |
| 4-(4-三氟甲基苯氧基)苯胺 | 4-(4-trifluoromethylphenoxy)-aniline | 57478-19-0 | C13H10F3NO | 253.224 |
| —— | tri(p-trifluoromethylphenyl)phosphite | 198983-67-4 | C21H12F9O3P | 514.284 |
| —— | 1,10-bis(4-trifluoromethylphenyl-1-yloxy)decane | 922718-38-5 | C24H28F6O2 | 462.476 |
| —— | 1,9-bis(4-trifluoromethylphenyl-1-yloxy)nonane | 922718-37-4 | C23H26F6O2 | 448.449 |
| —— | 2-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]acetyl chloride | 67273-84-1 | C9H6ClF3O2 | 238.594 |
| 2-氨基-4-三氟甲基苯酚 | 2-amino-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenol | 454-81-9 | C7H6F3NO | 177.126 |
| —— | 3-(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)propanoic acid | 537013-50-6 | C10H9F3O3 | 234.175 |
| —— | 4-methoxyphenoxy-4-trifluoromethylphenyl ether | 53451-89-1 | C14H11F3O2 | 268.235 |
| 2-溴-4-三氟甲基苯酚 | 2-bromo-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenol | 81107-97-3 | C7H4BrF3O | 241.007 |
| 4-苄氧基三氟甲苯 | 1-(benzyloxy)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene | 70097-65-3 | C14H11F3O | 252.236 |
| 2-碘-4-(三氟甲基)苯酚 | 2-iodo-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenol | 463976-21-8 | C7H4F3IO | 288.008 |
| 2-氟-4-三氟甲基苯酚 | 2-fluoro-4-trifluoromethyl phenol | 77227-78-2 | C7H4F4O | 180.102 |
| —— | 3-(4-trifluoromethylphenoxy)butan-1-ol | —— | C11H13F3O2 | 234.218 |
| —— | 1-(2,2-dimethoxyethoxy)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene | —— | C11H13F3O3 | 250.218 |
| —— | 2-(4-Trifluoromethyl-phenoxymethyl)-prop-2-en-1-ol | 849442-18-8 | C11H11F3O2 | 232.202 |
| —— | 2-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenoxymethyl)-butan-1-ol | 851528-48-8 | C12H15F3O2 | 248.245 |
| 3-[4-(三氟甲基)苯氧基]氮杂丁烷 | 3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]azetidine | 76263-21-3 | C10H10F3NO | 217.191 |
| —— | 4-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl-phosphodichloridate | 840506-68-5 | C7H4Cl2F3O2P | 278.983 |
| —— | 4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl acrylate | 144261-40-5 | C10H7F3O2 | 216.16 |
| —— | methyl 2-(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)acetate | 787575-59-1 | C10H9F3O3 | 234.175 |
| —— | chloro-acetic acid 4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl ester | 849442-52-0 | C9H6ClF3O2 | 238.594 |
| —— | 4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl methanesulfonate | 37903-93-8 | C8H7F3O3S | 240.203 |
| 2-己基对-(三氟甲基)苯基醚 | 2-(p-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)hexane | 1039102-44-7 | C13H17F3O | 246.273 |
| 对甲酚 | p-cresol | 106-44-5 | C7H8O | 108.14 |
| 2-((4-(三氟甲基)苯氧基)甲基)环氧乙烷 | 2-((4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)methyl)oxirane | 198226-65-2 | C10H9F3O2 | 218.175 |
| —— | 1-(2-chloromethyl-allyloxy)-4-trifluoromethyl-benzene | 849442-34-8 | C11H10ClF3O | 250.648 |
| (S)-2-((4-(三氟甲基)苯氧基)甲基)环氧乙烷 | (S)-2-((4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)methyl)oxirane | 256372-58-4 | C10H9F3O2 | 218.175 |
| (R)-2-((4-(三氟甲基)苯氧基)甲基)环氧乙烷 | (R)-2-(4-trifluoromethylphenoxymethyl)oxirane | 851528-84-2 | C10H9F3O2 | 218.175 |
| 对三氟甲基苯腈 | 4-CF3C6H4CN | 455-18-5 | C8H4F3N | 171.122 |
| 对三氟甲基苯甲醛 | 4-Trifluoromethylbenzaldehyde | 455-19-6 | C8H5F3O | 174.122 |
| —— | 4-trifluoromethylphenoxyacetic acid hydrazide | 860649-71-4 | C9H9F3N2O2 | 234.178 |
| 对三氟甲基苯胺 | 4-Trifluoromethylaniline | 455-14-1 | C7H6F3N | 161.127 |
| 2-羟基-5-(三氟甲基)苯甲醛 | 2-hydroxy-5-(trifluoromethyl)benzaldehyde | 210039-65-9 | C8H5F3O2 | 190.122 |
| 2-羟基-5-三氟甲基苯腈 | 2-hydroxy-5-(trifluoromethyl)benzonitrile | 142167-36-0 | C8H4F3NO | 187.121 |
| 对溴三氟甲苯 | p-trifluoromethylphenyl bromide | 402-43-7 | C7H4BrF3 | 225.008 |
| 4-氟三氟甲苯 | 4-Fluorobenzotrifluoride | 402-44-8 | C7H4F4 | 164.102 |
| 2-(羟甲基)-4-(三氟甲基)苯酚 | 2-(hydroxymethyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenol | 174265-02-2 | C8H7F3O2 | 192.138 |
| 对三氟甲基苯乙烯 | 1-trifluoromethyl-4-vinyl-benzene | 402-50-6 | C9H7F3 | 172.15 |
| 2,6-二溴-4-(三氟甲基)苯酚 | 2,6-dibromo-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenol | 35852-57-4 | C7H3Br2F3O | 319.903 |
| (4-三氟甲基苯氧基)乙酸乙酯 | ethyl 2-(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)acetate | 442125-30-6 | C11H11F3O3 | 248.202 |
| 1-(2,2-二乙氧基乙氧基)-4-(三氟甲基)苯 | 1-(2,2-diethoxyethoxy)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene | 741290-08-4 | C13H17F3O3 | 278.271 |
| —— | O-4-trifluoromethylphenyl thiocarbamate | 130782-58-0 | C10H10F3NOS | 249.257 |
| 4-(4-三氟甲基苯氧基)苯甲酸 | 4-(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)benzoic acid | 78161-82-7 | C14H9F3O3 | 282.219 |
| —— | 1-(cinnamyloxy)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene | —— | C16H13F3O | 278.274 |
| 2-[4-(三氟甲基)苯氧基]丙酸 | (+/-)-2-(4-trifluoromethylphenoxy)propanoic acid | 69484-34-0 | C10H9F3O3 | 234.175 |
| —— | (R)-2-(4-trifluoromethylphenoxy)propanoic acid | 253333-79-8 | C10H9F3O3 | 234.175 |
The first implementation of isotruxene-based porous polymers (IsoPOPs) in catalysis is described, which allows oxidative chemical transformations to be conducted with air as the benign oxidant under visible-light irradiation in a metal-free fashion.