化学性质
浅黄色结晶。熔点56℃,沸点256.5℃,在117-118℃(1.2kPa)下挥发,相对密度为1.7036(20/4℃),折光率为1.5979。它能溶于乙醇、苯和醚,但难溶于水。
用途
间溴硝基苯可用作有机合成中间体,在医药工业中合成间溴苯胺、间溴硫酚,并用于生产安眠、镇静、镇吐类药物如吐立抗等。
生产方法
通过将硝基苯与铁粉(一半量)、四氯化碳加入反应锅中,升温至120℃后滴加溴素(1/3量),在2小时内滴完。然后补加两次铁粉和溴素,在120-135℃下保温搅拌3小时。用蒸汽蒸馏收集油状物,冷却后得到黄色固体。再用乙醇处理获得成品。
类别
有毒物品
毒性分级
中毒
可燃性危险特性
遇明火可燃;受热分解会释放出有毒溴化物和氮氧化物气体
储运特性
需存放在通风、低温干燥的库房中,并与食品原料及氧化剂分开储存运输
灭火剂
使用二氧化碳、砂土、泡沫或雾状水进行扑灭
职业标准
短期暴露限值(STEL)为0.1毫克/立方米
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
---|---|---|---|---|
3-溴-5-硝基苯胺 | 3-bromo-5-nitroaniline | 55215-57-1 | C6H5BrN2O2 | 217.022 |
2,5-二溴硝基苯 | 1,4-dibromo-2-nitrobenzene | 3460-18-2 | C6H3Br2NO2 | 280.903 |
2,6-二溴-4-硝基苯胺 | 2,6-dibromo-4-nitroaniline | 827-94-1 | C6H4Br2N2O2 | 295.918 |
4-溴-2-硝基苯胺 | 4-Bromo-2-nitroaniline | 875-51-4 | C6H5BrN2O2 | 217.022 |
硝基苯 | nitrobenzene | 98-95-3 | C6H5NO2 | 123.111 |
4-硝基苯胺 | 4-nitro-aniline | 100-01-6 | C6H6N2O2 | 138.126 |
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
---|---|---|---|---|
2-溴-4-硝基苯胺 | 2-bromo-4-nitroaniline | 13296-94-1 | C6H5BrN2O2 | 217.022 |
3,5-二硝基溴苯 | 3,5-dinitrobromobenzene | 18242-39-2 | C6H3BrN2O4 | 247.005 |
1-溴-3-亚硝基苯 | 1-bromo-3-nitrosobenzene | 13125-68-3 | C6H4BrNO | 186.008 |
2-溴-4-硝基苯酚 | 2-bromo-4-nitrophenol | 5847-59-6 | C6H4BrNO3 | 218.007 |
—— | m-bromophenylhydroxylamine | 24171-78-6 | C6H6BrNO | 188.024 |
2-溴-6-硝基苯胺 | 2-bromo-6-nitroaniline | 59255-95-7 | C6H5BrN2O2 | 217.022 |
4-溴-2-硝基苯酚 | 4-bromo-2-nitrophenol | 7693-52-9 | C6H4BrNO3 | 218.007 |
1,2-二硝基-4-溴化苯 | 4-bromo-1,2-dinitrobenzene | 610-38-8 | C6H3BrN2O4 | 247.005 |
2-溴-1-溴甲基-4-硝基苯 | 2-bromo-1-(bromomethyl)-4-nitrobenzene | 940-05-6 | C7H5Br2NO2 | 294.93 |
2-溴-6-硝基苯酚 | 2-bromo-6-nitro-phenol | 13073-25-1 | C6H4BrNO3 | 218.007 |
硝基苯 | nitrobenzene | 98-95-3 | C6H5NO2 | 123.111 |
Nanosized perovskite-type SmFeO3 powder, prepared through the thermal decomposition of Sm[Fe(CN)6].4H2O with an average particle diameter of 28 nm and a specific surface area of 42 m2 g−1, was used as a recyclable heterogeneous catalyst for the efficient and selective reduction of aromatic nitro compounds into the corresponding amines by using propan-2-ol as a hydrogen donor (reducing agent) and KOH as a promoter under microwave irradiation. This highly regio- and chemoselective catalytic method is fast, clean, inexpensive, high yielding and also compatible with the substrates containing easily reducible functional groups. In addition, the nanosized SmFeO3 catalyst can be reused without loss of activity.