FXIa is suggested as a major target for anticoagulant drug discovery because of reduced risk of bleeding. In this paper, we defined 5-phenyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid derivatives as privileged fragments for FXIa inhibitors’ lead discovery. After replacing the (E)-3-(5-chloro-2-(1H-tetrazol-1-yl)phenyl)acrylamide moiety in compound 3 with 5-(3-chlorophenyl)-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamide, we traveled from FXIa inhibitor3 to a scaffold that fused the privileged fragments into a pharmacophore for FXIa inhibitors. Subsequently, we synthesized and assessed the FXIa inhibitory potency of a series of 5-phenyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamide derivatives with different P1, P1′ and P2′moiety. Finally, the SAR of them was systematically investigated to afford the lead compound 7za (FXIa Ki = 90.37 nM, 1.5× aPTT in rabbit plasma = 43.33μM) which exhibited good in vitro inhibitory potency against FXIa and excellent in vitro coagulation activities. Furthermore, the binding mode of 7za with FXIa was studied and the results suggest that the 2-methylcyclopropanecarboxamide group of 7za makes 2 direct hydrogen bonds with Tyr58B and Thr35 in the FXIa backbone, making 7za binds to FXIa in a highly efficient manner.
FXIa被认为是抗凝药物发现的主要靶点,因为减少了出血风险。在这篇论文中,我们将5-苯基-1H-吡唑-3-羧酸衍生物定义为FXIa抑制剂的引物片段,用于引物发现。在将化合物3中的(E)-3-(5-氯-2-(1H-四唑-1-基)苯基)丙烯酰胺基团替换为5-(3-氯苯基)-1H-吡唑-3-羧酰胺后,我们从FXIa抑制剂3转变为将引物片段融合成FXIa抑制剂的药效团的支架。随后,我们合成并评估了一系列具有不同P1、P1'和P2'基团的5-苯基-1H-吡唑-3-羧酰胺衍生物的FXIa抑制活性。最后,对它们的结构活性关系进行了系统研究,得到了引物化合物7za(FXIa Ki = 90.37 nM,在兔血浆中1.5× aPTT = 43.33μM),该化合物表现出良好的体外抑制FXIa活性和优秀的体外凝血活性。此外,研究了7za与FXIa的结合方式,结果表明7za的2-甲基环丙烷甲酰胺基团与FXIa骨架中的Tyr58B和Thr35直接形成两个氢键,使7za以高效的方式结合到FXIa上。