Probing the Pharmacophore of Ginkgolides as Glycine Receptor Antagonists
作者:Anders A. Jensen、Nasreen Begum、Stine B. Vogensen、Kolja M. Knapp、Klaus Gundertofte、Sergei V. Dzyuba、Hideki Ishii、Koji Nakanishi、Uffe Kristiansen、Kristian Strømgaard
DOI:10.1021/jm070003n
日期:2007.4.1
Ginkgolides are antagonists of the inhibitory ligand-gated ion channels for the neurotransmitters glycine and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). In this study the ginkgolide structure was modified in order to investigate the minimum structural requirements for glycine receptor antagonism. The five native ginkgolides and a series of 29 ginkgolide derivatives were characterized at the three glycine receptor subtypes alpha 1, alpha 1 beta, and alpha 2, which revealed that only minor changes in the ginkgolide skeleton were allowed for maintaining glycine receptor antagonism. A pharmacophore model was generated and applied in a virtual screening of a compound database (300 000 compounds), resulting in the identification of 31 hits. Twenty-seven of these hits were screened for biological activity, but none displayed antagonist activity at the glycine receptors. This strongly suggests the importance of other pharmacophore components in the binding of ginkgolides to glycine receptors, and we propose that the structural rigidity of the ginkgolide molecule may be crucial for its glycine receptor activity.
METHOD FOR EXTRACTING AND SEPARATING GINKGOLIDES
申请人:CHENGDU BAIYU TECHNOLOGY PHARMACY CO., LTD.
公开号:US20150044311A1
公开(公告)日:2015-02-12
A method for extracting and separating ginkgolides. The ginkgolides obtained through steps of extraction on a ginkgo leaf, further extraction, column chromatography, crystallization, and crystal mixing comprise 25.0% to 50.0% of bilobalide (C
15
H
18
O
8
), 20.0% to 45.0% of ginkgolide A (C
20
H
24
O
9
), 10.0% to 30.0% of ginkgolide B (C
20
H
24
O
10
), and 5.0% to 15.0% of ginkgolide C (C
20
H
24
O
11
). The total quantity of the bilobalide, the ginkgolide A, the ginkgolide B, and the ginkgolide C is over 95%.