由 CO 2构建更高 C ≥ 2 的化合物构成了一个有吸引力的转变,其灵感来自大自然构建碳水化合物的策略。然而,使用对环境无害的还原剂控制二氧化碳形成的 C-C 键仍然是一项重大挑战。在这方面,CO 2还原二聚成草酸盐是一种重要的模型反应,能够研究这种最简单的 CO 2偶联反应的机理。在此,我们提出了在 CO 2还原过程中遇到的常见陷阱,尤其是其还原耦合,基于已建立的 CO 2转化协议变成草酸盐。此外,我们提供了一个例子来系统地评估这些反应。基于我们的工作,我们强调了使用合适的正交分析方法的重要性,并提高了对氧化反应的认识,这些氧化反应同样会导致草酸盐的形成而不掺入 CO 2。这些结果可以确定关键参数,这些参数可用于定制未来的催化系统,并将促进整个领域的进步。
C–O cleavage via InIII alkoxide intermediates: In situ 13C NMR analysis of the mechanism of an enantioselective in-mediated cyclopropanation reaction
作者:Jennifer L. Slaughter、Guy C. Lloyd-Jones
DOI:10.1016/j.tet.2020.131786
日期:2021.1
dibenzylideneacetone and benzylideneacetone by in situ generated allyl indium reagents in the presence of methyl mandelate as a chiral modifier has been studied by in situ 13C1H} NMR in conjunction with 13C/2H labelling and mass spectrometry. Two indium alkoxides were identified, the first arising from indium mediated allylation of the ketone, the second arising from reaction of an in situ liberated
通过原位13 C 1 H} NMR结合13 C / 2 H标记和质量研究了原位生成的烯丙基铟在手性改性剂存在下通过原位生成的烯丙基铟试剂对二苄叉基丙酮和苄叉基丙酮进行不对称环丙烷化的机理。光谱法。鉴定出两种铟醇盐,第一种是由铟介导的酮的烯丙基化产生的,第二种是由LiI介导的原位释放的均烯丙基与过量的烯丙基铟试剂的反应产生的。在酸化过程中,氧的质子化导致C–O而不是In–O裂解,并且初始的叔烯丙基阳离子被约90%的si立体选择性烯丙基化 通过假定为扁桃酸酯螯合的铟烯丙基试剂进行选择性。
The synthesis of three isotopomers of 2-methyl-2-(4-[3-[1-(4-methylbenzyl)-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-[1,2,4]triazol-3-yl]propyl]phenoxy)propionic acid, a potent and selective peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha agonist
作者:Fengjiun Kuo、Dean K. Clodfelter、Nagy A. Farid、William J. Wheeler、Lennon H. McKendry
PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITIONS OF 7-(6-(2-HYDROXYPROPAN-2-YL)PYRIDIN-3-YL)-1-((TRANS)-4-METHOXYCYCLOHEXYL)-3,4-DIHYDROPYRAZINO [2,3-B]PYRAZIN-2(1H)-ONE, A SOLID FORM THEREOF AND METHODS OF THEIR USE
申请人:Signal Pharmaceuticals, LLC
公开号:US20130142873A1
公开(公告)日:2013-06-06
Provided herein are compositions of 7-(6-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)pyridin-3-yl)-1-((trans)-4-methoxycyclohexyl)-3,4-dihydropyrazino[2,3-b]pyrazin-2(1H)-one, solid forms, isotopologues and metabolites thereof, and methods of their use for the treatment of a disease, disorder, or condition.
Facile synthesis of deuterated and [<sup>14</sup>C]labeled analogs of vanillin and curcumin for use as mechanistic and analytical tools
作者:Odaine N. Gordon、Leigh A. Graham、Claus Schneider
DOI:10.1002/jlcr.3102
日期:2013.12
Curcumin is a dietary diphenol with antioxidant, antinflammatory, and antitumor activity. We describe facile procedures for the synthesis of [(14) C2 ]curcumin (4 mCi/mmol), [d6 ]curcumin, [d3 ]curcumin, [(13) C5 ]curcumin, and [d6 ]bicyclopentadione, the major oxidative metabolite of curcumin. We also describe synthesis of the labeled building blocks [(14) C]vanillin, [d3 ]vanillin, and [(13) C5 ]acetylacetone