白色粉末(丙酮)。熔点197~198℃,旋光度+6.99(c=1.00,甲醇)。o-甲基化人参皂苷Rf为丛晶(已烷),熔点171℃,旋光度+0.30(c=0.99,氯仿)。
来源存在于五加科植物人参[Panax ginseng C.A.Meyer (P.schinseng Nees)]的根、花蕾和茎中。
药理作用人参具有大补元气,滋补强壮,安神益智,生津,复脉固脱等功效。现代医学普遍认为人参对中枢神经系统、心血管系统、消化系统、免疫系统、内分泌系统、泌尿生殖系统有广泛的作用,从而可提高人体力、智力的活动能力,增强机体对有害刺激的非特异性抵抗力。人参的药理活性常因机体机能状态不同而双向作用,因此人参是具有“适应原”样作用的典型代表药。
检测方式:高效液相色谱法HPLC≥98% 规格:20mg、50mg、100mg、500mg、1g(可根据客户需求包装) 性状:本品为白色粉末 分子结构式:
本品用于含量测定。
新应用:
以人参根须为原料,采用甲醇浸提法提取人参根须中总皂苷,再用硅胶柱层析法对总皂苷进行分离,得到较纯净的人参皂苷单体Rf。结果表明,500 g人参根须中提取得到总皂苷20.5 g,提取率为4.10%。总皂苷中主要含Rg1、Re、Rf、Rb1、Rc、Rb2、Rd等成分。20.5 g人参根须总皂苷经硅胶柱层析法分离,得到较纯人参皂苷单体Rf 0.410 g,在总皂苷中的得率为2.00%,在人参根须中得率为0.082%。
参考资料来源于五加科植物人参Panax ginseng C.A.Mey. 的干燥根。
用途用于含量测定/鉴定/药理实验等。
药理药效:人参皂苷Rf具有抗肿瘤、抗疲劳的功效,能够减少子宫收缩,并起到与脑神经细胞有关联的镇痛作用。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
---|---|---|---|---|
人参皂苷Rh1 | ginsenoside Rh1 | 63223-86-9 | C36H62O9 | 638.883 |
Glycosylation, which is catalyzed by UDP-glycosyltransferases (UGTs), is an important biological modification for the structural and functional diversity of ginsenosides. In this study, the promiscuous UGT109A1 from Bacillus subtilis was used to synthesize unnatural ginsenosides from natural ginsenosides. UGT109A1 was heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli and then purified by Ni-NTA affinity chromatography. Ginsenosides Re, Rf, Rh1, and R1 were selected as the substrates to produce the corresponding derivatives by the recombinant UGT109A1. The results showed that UGT109A1 could transfer a glucosyl moiety to C3-OH of ginsenosides Re and R1, and C3-OH and C12-OH of ginsenosides Rf and Rh1, respectively, to produce unnatural ginsenosides 3,20-di-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-6-O-[α-l-rhamnopyrano-(1→2)-β-d-glucopyranosyl]-dammar-24-ene-3β,6α,12β,20S-tetraol (1), 3,20-di-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-6-O-[β-d-xylopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-d-glucopyranosyl]-dammar-24-ene-3β,6α,12β,20S-tetraol (6), 3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-6-O-[β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-d-glucopyranosyl]-dammar-24-ene-3β,6α,12β,20S-tetraol (3), 3,12-di-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-6-O-[β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-d-glucopyranosyl]-dammar-24-ene-3β,6α,12β,20S-tetraol (2), 3,6-di-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-dammar-24-ene-3β,6α,12β,20S-tetraol (5), and 3,6,12-tri-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-dammar-24-ene-3β,6α,12β,20S-tetraol (4). Among the above products, 1, 2, 3, and 6 are new compounds. The maximal activity of UGT109A1 was achieved at the temperature of 40 °C, in the pH range of 8.0–10.0. The activity of UGT109A1 was considerably enhanced by Mg2+, Mn2+, and Ca2+, but was obviously reduced by Cu2+, Co2+, and Zn2+. The study demonstrated that UGT109A1 was effective in producing a series of unnatural ginsenosides through enzymatic reactions, which could pave a way to generate promising leads for new drug discovery.