毒理性
作者们研究了重水(D2O)对脑膜纤维化以及在内含高岭土诱导脑积水的老鼠中细胞因子表达的影响。将高岭土注射到脑室(cisterna magna)的老鼠分为两组:1)H组,自由饮用H2O作为自来水;2)D组,自由饮用30%的D2O作为自来水,在高岭土注射前后都是如此。将注射蒸馏水且自由饮用H2O作为自来水的组别设为假手术组。作者们检查了在注射后28天内D2O对脑积水发展、脑膜纤维化以及几种炎症和纤维生成细胞因子表达水平的影响:转化生长因子-β1(TGFbeta1)、成纤维细胞生长因子-2(FGF2)、血小板衍生生长因子(PDGF-BB)和白细胞介素(IL)-6。D组的脑室扩张程度较H组小,脑膜纤维化也较H组轻。通过应用溴脱氧尿苷标记指数来评估纤维母细胞的增殖,D组比H组低。D组中巨噬细胞、脉络丛和脑膜的TGFbeta1表达受到抑制,而H组则没有。在第14天,D组的总TGFbeta1血清水平显著低于H组,而FGF2、PDGF-BB和IL-6的水平在各组之间没有显著差异。给予D2O可以防止老鼠高岭土诱导的脑积水发展,并抑制脑膜纤维化和TGFbeta1的上调。
The authors investigated the effects of heavy water (D2O) on intrameningeal fibrosis and on the expression of cytokine production in mice with kaolin-induced hydrocephalus. Mice in which kaolin was injected into the cisterna magna were divided into two groups: 1) Group H, which had free access to H2O as tap water; and 2) Group D, which had free access to 30% D2O as tap water before and after kaolin injection. A distilled water-injected group, which had free access to H2O as tap water was designated the sham-operated group. The authors examined the effects of D2O within 28 days after injection on the development of hydrocephalus and intrameningeal fibrosis, as well as on the expression levels of several inflammatory and fibrogenic cytokines: transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGFbeta1), fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF2), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB, and interleukin (IL)-6. The cerebral ventricles were less expanded, and intrameningeal fibrosis was milder in Group D than in Group H. The proliferation of fibroblasts was assessed by applying the bromodeoxyuridine labeling index, which was lower in Group D than in Group H. Expression of TGFbeta1 in the macrophages, choroid plexus, and meninges was inhibited in Group D but not in Group H. The serum level of total TGFbeta1 was significantly lower in Group D than in Group H on Day 14, whereas the levels of FGF2, PDGF-BB, and IL-6 did not differ significantly among the groups. Administration of D2O prevented the development of kaolin-induced hydrocephalus in mice and inhibited intrameningeal fibrosis and upregulation of TGFbeta1.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)