Soft drugs. 7. Soft .beta.-blockers for systemic and ophthalmic use
摘要:
The "inactive metabolite approach" was used to design a series of "soft" drugs derived from the acidic metabolite of metoprolol. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of these novel "soft" beta-adrenoceptor antagonists were determined: half-lives in human blood ranged from 5 to 754 min. The rates of in vivo disappearance of representative slow, medium, and fast hydrolyzing esters were determined in rats. In each case rapid and quantitative conversion to the corresponding free acid was observed. This suggests a facile, one-step degradation to the predicted major metabolite. The compounds were tested for their ability to decrease intraocular pressure in a rabbit model. Five of the new compounds exerted an ocular hypotensive action comparable to or greater than that of the reference compound, timolol maleate, and with a prolonged duration of action in some cases. In contrast the new compounds showed reduced and shorter duration systemic activity. The adamantylethyl ester emerges as a potentially effective antiglaucoma agent with significantly improved site-specific activity.
Planar Chirality from the Chiral Pool: Diastereoselective Anionic Phospho-Fries Rearrangements at Ferrocene
作者:Marcus Korb、Heinrich Lang
DOI:10.1021/om500953c
日期:2014.11.24
phosphates is reported. Optimized reaction conditions for the anionic phospho-Fries rearrangement allow conversions at ambient temperature and the use of variable lithium amid bases and diamines in hexane, ensure virtually quantitative yields, and avoid side reactions. The (bi)cyclic alkyl substituents result in air- and moisture-stable compounds and furthermore allow the conversion of 1,1′-substituted derivatives
排他性地,阴离子磷酸-弗里斯重排已成功地用于手性二茂铁基磷酸酯,产生了非对映异构体富集的1,2- P,O-膦酸酯(至多95%de),其可以进一步转化为对映体纯的膦。报道了一种基于所有手性池醇,手性(二)氯磷酸酯和相应的二茂铁磷酸酯的制备所有原料的简单合成方案。阴离子磷酸-弗里斯重排的最佳反应条件允许在环境温度下进行转化,并在己烷中使用可变的锂酰胺基碱和二胺,确保实际上定量的收率,并避免了副反应。(双)环烷基取代基可形成对空气和水分稳定的化合物,并且还可以将1,1'-取代的衍生物转化为1,1',2,2'-官能化的二茂铁,这是首次报道。磷酸二铁茂铁基同时重排至次膦酸酯,甚至2-羟基-1,可以进行3-双(膦酰基)二茂铁及其在环境条件下的后处理。单晶衍射分析可以确定两种非对映体纯二茂铁的平面手性的绝对构型。R p异构体。此外,观察到三种化合物在芳族C 5 H 3和C 5 H 4循环之间的强T形π-π相互作用模式。
Schmidt, Chemische Berichte, 1947, vol. 80, p. 533,537
作者:Schmidt
DOI:——
日期:——
Schmidt; Schulz, Bericht von Schimmel and Co., 1934, p. 97,98
作者:Schmidt、Schulz
DOI:——
日期:——
Schmidt, Bericht von Schimmel and Co., 1940, p. 38,42
作者:Schmidt
DOI:——
日期:——
Schmidt; Schulz, Bericht von Schimmel and Co., 1934, p. 97