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异丙胺 | 75-31-0

中文名称
异丙胺
中文别名
2-丙胺;甲基乙胺;异丙基胺;2-氨基丙烷;一异丙胺;MIPA;单异丙基胺
英文名称
isopropylamine
英文别名
propan-2-amine;2-aminopropane;2-propylamine;IPA;2-propanamine;propane-2-amine;propyl-2-amine;isopropamine
异丙胺化学式
CAS
75-31-0
化学式
C3H9N
mdl
MFCD00008082
分子量
59.1112
InChiKey
JJWLVOIRVHMVIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N
BEILSTEIN
——
EINECS
——
  • 物化性质
  • 计算性质
  • ADMET
  • 安全信息
  • SDS
  • 制备方法与用途
  • 上下游信息
  • 反应信息
  • 文献信息
  • 表征谱图
  • 同类化合物
  • 相关功能分类
  • 相关结构分类

物化性质

  • 熔点:
    -101 °C
  • 沸点:
    32-35 °C 33-34 °C (lit.)
  • 密度:
    0.688 g/mL at 20 °C (lit.)
  • 蒸气密度:
    2.04 (vs air)
  • 闪点:
    −26 °F
  • 溶解度:
    1000克/升
  • 暴露限值:
    TLV-TWA 5 ppm (~12 mg/m3) (ACGIH, MSHA, and OSHA); TLV-STEL 10 ppm(~24 mg/m3) (ACGIH); IDLH 4000 ppm (NIOSH).
  • 介电常数:
    5.5(20℃)
  • LogP:
    0.21
  • 物理描述:
    Isopropylamine appears as a clear colorless liquid with an ammonia-like odor. Flash point -35°F. Boiling point 90°F. Less dense than water Vapors heavier than air. Produces toxic oxides of nitrogen during combustion. Used as a solvent and to make other chemicals.
  • 颜色/状态:
    Colorless liquid [Note: A gas above 91 degrees F]
  • 气味:
    Ammonia odor
  • 蒸汽密度:
    2.04 (Air = 1)
  • 蒸汽压力:
    579.6 mm Hg at 25 °C
  • 稳定性/保质期:
    1. 化学性质:具有伯胺的化学性质,水溶液呈碱性。与空气混合时有爆炸风险。 2. 稳定性:稳定。 3. 禁配物:酸类、酰基氯、酸酐、强氧化剂和二氧化碳。 4. 聚合危害:不会发生聚合反应。 5. 分解产物:分解后产生氨。
  • 自燃温度:
    756 °F (402 °C)
  • 分解:
    When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of /nitrogen oxides/.
  • 粘度:
    0.47 mm²/s at 20 °C
  • 燃烧热:
    -16,940 Btu/lb, -9,240 cal/g, -394X10+5 J/kg
  • 汽化热:
    28.36 kJ/mol at 25 °C
  • 表面张力:
    16.8 dynes/cm = 0.0168 N/m at 20 °C
  • 电离电位:
    8.72 eV
  • 气味阈值:
    0.504 mg/cu m (Odor low) 480 mg/cu m (Odor high)
  • 折光率:
    Index of refraction: 1.3742 at 20 °C
  • 解离常数:
    pKb = 3.37 at 25 °C
  • 保留指数:
    469;468;465;469;465

计算性质

  • 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP):
    0.1
  • 重原子数:
    4
  • 可旋转键数:
    0
  • 环数:
    0.0
  • sp3杂化的碳原子比例:
    1.0
  • 拓扑面积:
    26
  • 氢给体数:
    1
  • 氢受体数:
    1

ADMET

毒理性
  • 毒性总结
识别和使用:异丙胺是一种无色液体(在91华氏度以上为气体)。它被用作溶剂,在合成橡胶加速剂、药品、染料、杀虫剂、杀菌剂、纺织特种产品和表面活性剂的生产中作为中间体,还用作脱毛剂和2,4-D酸的增溶剂。人体研究:志愿者在短暂接触10至20 ppm异丙胺后报告了鼻和喉咙刺激的症状。工人在接触8小时蒸汽后抱怨暂时的视觉干扰(灯光周围的光环),这可能是轻微角膜水肿引起的,通常在3到4小时内清除。动物研究:6只大鼠在10,000 mg/m³(4000 ppm)的浓度下暴露4小时并未致命,而当暴露于20,000 mg/m³(8000 ppm)时,所有6只大鼠死亡。暴露于饱和蒸汽导致所有大鼠在2分钟内死亡。异丙胺0.5 mL的1%溶液的应用导致严重烧伤。滴入0.005 mL未稀释的化合物导致严重角膜混浊,而0.5 mL的水中1%溶液导致严重角膜混浊和虹膜睫状体炎。在小鼠中,异丙胺基本上是一种上呼吸道刺激化合物。在一项大鼠一代繁殖研究中,大鼠通过吸入(全身暴露)每天6小时(每周5天)暴露于分析浓度的20、100或499 mg/m³异丙胺。临床体征包括偶然的毛色改变和局部脱发。在交配和生育参数、黄体数量、着床和吸收方面没有显著差异。在高剂量组中,雄性大鼠的平均体重增加有所减少。在细菌反向突变测试中,对突变性的沙门氏菌(包括TA1535、TA1537、TA98和TA100)进行了测试,结果为阴性,有无代谢活化。测试的最高非毒性剂量为3333 mg/板。
IDENTIFICATION AND USE: Isopropylamine is a colorless liquid (a gas above 91 degrees F). It is used as a solvent, intermediate in synthesis of rubber accelerators, pharmaceuticals, dyes, insecticides, bactericides, textile specialties, and surface-active agents, dehairing agent, solubilizer for 2,4-D acid. HUMAN STUDIES: Complaints of nose and throat irritation were reported by volunteer subjects after brief exposures at 10 to 20 ppm. Workers complained of transient visual disturbances (halos around lights) after exposure to the vapor for 8 hours, probably resulting from mild corneal edema, which usually cleared in 3 to 4 hours. ANIMAL STUDIES: A 4-hour exposure of 10,000 mg/cu m (4000 ppm) to 6 rats was not lethal, while all 6 rats died from exposure to 20,000 mg/cu m (8000 ppm). Exposure to a saturated vapor caused the death of all rats within 2 minutes. Isopropylamine produced a severe burn from application of 0.5 mL of a 1% solution. Instillation of 0.005 mL of undiluted compound resulted in severe corneal opacity while 0.5 mL of a 1% solution in water caused severe corneal opacity and iritis. In mice, isopropylamine is essentially an upper respiratory tract-irritating compound. In a one generation reproduction study rats were exposed to isopropylamine at analytical concentrations of 20, 100 or 499 mg/cu m for 6 hr per day (5 days/week) by inhalation (whole body exposure). Clinical signs included incidental fur discoloration and focal hair loss. There were no significant differences in mating and fertility parameters, number of corpora lutea, implantations and resorptions. The was a reduction in mean body weight gain in males in the high dose group. Negative results were reported in bacterial reverse mutation tests for mutagenicity in Salmonella typhimurium (strains included TA1535, TA1537, TA98 and TA100) with and without metabolic activation. The highest non-toxic dose tested was 3333 mg/plate.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
  • 暴露途径
所有暴露途径都会产生严重的局部影响。
Serious local effects by all routes of exposure.
来源:ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
毒理性
  • 暴露途径
吸入,皮肤吸收,吞食,皮肤和/或眼睛接触
inhalation, skin absorption, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact
来源:The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
毒理性
  • 症状
眼睛、皮肤、鼻子、喉咙刺激;肺水肿;视觉障碍;眼睛、皮肤烧伤;皮炎
irritation eyes, skin, nose, throat; pulmonary edema; visual disturbance; eye, skin burns; dermatitis
来源:The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
毒理性
  • 吸入症状
喉咙痛。咳嗽。灼热感。呼吸急促。呼吸困难。
Sore throat. Cough. Burning sensation. Shortness of breath. Laboured breathing.
来源:ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
吸收、分配和排泄
在雄性Wistar大鼠体内单次静脉注射0.3 mg/kg体重的(14)C-异丙胺盐酸盐后,放射性物质通过尿液迅速从体内排出,半衰期约为2到4小时。在单次腹腔注射相似剂量后,97%的放射性物质通过尿液排出,全部被鉴定为异丙胺,1.2%通过粪便排出,1%通过呼出的空气排出。在体外实验中,将异丙胺与大鼠肝脏微粒体在含有NADPH生成系统的条件下共同孵化,超过94%的异丙胺被回收为未改变的化合物。/异丙胺盐酸盐/
Following a single intravenous injection of (14)C-isopropylamine HCl of 0.3 mg/kg bw into male Wistar rats, radioactivity was rapidly eliminated from the body via the urine with a half-life of about 2 to 4 hr. Following a single intraperitoneal injection of a similar dose, 97% of the radioactivity was excreted in the urine, all being identified as isopropylamine, 1.2% in the feces, and 1% in exhaled air. In in vitro experiments in which isopropylamine was incubated with rat liver microsomes in the presence of a NADPH-generating system, more than 94% was recovered as unchanged compound. /Isopropylamine HCl/
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
吸收、分配和排泄
在杂种狗中通过静脉输注异丙胺(0.25 mg/kg/min,45分钟),观察到血浆水平的最初快速下降和随后的缓慢下降,半衰期分别为5分钟和146分钟。这些值表明异丙胺首先重新分布到组织隔室,然后缓慢释放到血液中并从血液中消除。输注后2小时的组织检查显示,肾脏(髓质、皮质)、脾脏、肝脏、肾上腺和肺部组织的组织/血浆比率最高(大约在5-17之间),而大脑部分(比率约为3-3.5)和心脏(比率约为2-3.5)中也发现了显著的数量(Pri82)。
In mongrel dogs intravenously infused with isopropylamine (0.25 mg/kg/min, 45 min), an initial rapid and a subsequent slow decline in plasma levels with half life times of 5 and 146 min, respectively, were observed. These values indicate redistribution of isopropylamine into a tissue compartment followed by a slow release into and elimination from the blood. Examinations of tissues 2 hours post-infusion showed highest tissue/plasma ratios (ranging from approximately 5-17) for the kidneys (medulla, cortex), the spleen, the liver, the adrenal glands, and the lungs while significant amounts were found in sections of the brains (ratios of about 3-3.5) and the heart (ratios: ca. 2-3.5) (Pri82).
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
吸收、分配和排泄
... 对异丙胺的分布进行研究,结果显示与血浆相比,所有组织中都有显著的异丙胺积累。 ...
... Studies on the disposition of isopropylamine indicated that there was significant accumulation of isopropylamine in all tissues as compared to plasma. ...
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

安全信息

  • TSCA:
    Yes
  • 危险等级:
    3
  • 立即威胁生命和健康浓度:
    750 ppm
  • 危险品标志:
    Xi
  • 安全说明:
    S16,S26,S29
  • 危险类别码:
    R36/37/38,R12
  • WGK Germany:
    1
  • 海关编码:
    2921 19 99
  • 危险品运输编号:
    UN 1221 3/PG 1
  • 危险类别:
    3
  • RTECS号:
    NT8400000
  • 包装等级:
    I
  • 储存条件:
    1. 本品属一级易燃液体,使用铁桶包装。容器需密封,并存放在阴凉通风处,严禁烟火。贮存时应与氧化剂隔离。发生火灾时,可用二氧化碳、砂土、化学干粉或雾状水灭火。 2. 储存注意事项:储存于阴凉、通风的库房中,远离火种和热源,库温不宜超过29℃。保持容器密封,并与氧化剂、酸类等分开存放,切忌混储。采用防爆型照明和通风设施,禁止使用易产生火花的机械设备和工具。储区应备有泄漏应急处理设备及合适的收容材料。

SDS

SDS:bf5fdaeee84603b558b8794f8f6fbe0a
查看
第一部分:化学品名称

制备方法与用途

异丙胺概述

异丙胺,又称2-氨基丙烷,是一种无色液体,带有氨气味。其分子量为59.11,沸点在33~34℃之间,相对密度0.694(15/4℃),折射率1.3770(15℃),闪点较低,属于易燃液体。急性毒性实验表明,大鼠口服LD50为820毫克/公斤,小鼠为2200毫克/公斤;眼睛接触后兔子会出现重度刺激。

物理化学性质
  • 分子量:59.11
  • 沸点:33~34℃
  • 相对密度:0.694(15/4℃)
  • 折射率:1.3770(15℃)
生产方法 异丙醇法

由异丙醇、液氨和氢气在催化剂存在下经气相反应制得。 [ (CH_3)_2CHOH + NH_4[H_2] → 催化剂_2CHNH_2 + H_2O ] [ (CH_3)_2CHOH + (CH_3)_2CHNH_2[H_2] → 催化剂_2CH_2NH + H_2O ]

丙酮法

由丙酮、氨和氢在催化剂存在下胺化制得。 [ CH_3COCH_3 + NH_3 + H_2 → (CH_3)_2CHNH_2 + H_2O ] [ CH_3COCH_3 + (CH_3)_2CHNH_2 + H_2 → [(CH_3)_2CH]_2NH + H_2O ]

反应条件如下:

  • 异丙醇法:温度195℃,压力1.7MPa,使用多孔性的、经氢氧化钡活化的镍铝催化剂。
  • 丙酮法:温度150℃,压力4.5MPa,配比为丙酮∶氨∶氢气=1∶2.5∶10(mol)。
性质与安全 易燃性
  • 遇明火、高温或氧化剂易燃。
  • 燃烧时产生有毒氮氧化物烟雾。
储运特性

应储存在通风良好且低温干燥的库房内,避免与氧化剂和酸类物质接触存放。

安全防护

使用干粉、干砂、二氧化碳或泡沫作为灭火剂;工作场所的职业暴露限值为TWA 12毫克/立方米。

上下游信息

  • 上游原料
    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 分子量
  • 下游产品
    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 分子量

反应信息

  • 作为反应物:
    描述:
    异丙胺sodium hydroxide 、 potassium hexacyanoferrate(III) 作用下, 以60%的产率得到2-丙酮(1-甲基乙基)腙
    参考文献:
    名称:
    Oxidation of primary amines by potassium ferricyanide
    摘要:
    DOI:
    10.1007/bf00957714
  • 作为产物:
    描述:
    丙酮氢气 作用下, 以 甲醇 为溶剂, 60.0 ℃ 、3.4 MPa 条件下, 以81.9 %的产率得到异丙胺
    参考文献:
    名称:
    电子 Ni-N 相互作用增强了 N 掺杂多孔碳负载 Ni 催化剂上的还原胺化
    摘要:
    用于羰基化合物还原胺化的低成本和高效催化剂对于可再生生物质的利用至关重要。本文采用模板辅助热解浸渍法制备了一种高效的N掺杂多孔碳负载Ni催化剂。在NH 3和H 2存在下,所制备的催化剂可以有效地催化各种羰基化合物还原胺化成相应的伯胺,收率高,稳定性好。综合表征表明,糠醛还原胺化为糠胺与 Ni-N x的形成有关位点和 N 和 Ni 物种在 N 掺杂碳表面上的电子相互作用,促进了CO 键的还原胺化,显着降低了三聚体和席夫碱中间体还原氨解的活化能。这项工作为合理设计用于伯胺生产的还原胺化催化剂提供了新的见解。
    DOI:
    10.1039/d2cy01551j
  • 作为试剂:
    描述:
    trimethyl((4-(trifluoromethyl)cyclohex-1-en-1-yl)ethynyl)silane 在 吡啶氯磺酸copper(ll) sulfate pentahydrate 、 lithium hydroxide monohydrate 、 bis{rhodium[3,3'-(1,3-phenylene)bis(2,2-dimethylpropanoic acid)]}potassium carbonate异丙胺 作用下, 以 四氢呋喃甲醇二氧化碳4-(dicyanomethylene)-2-methyl-6-(p-dimethylaminostyryl)-4H-pyran1,2-二氯乙烷异丙醇甲苯乙腈 为溶剂, 90.0 ℃ 、10.0 MPa 条件下, 反应 59.25h, 生成 N-(4-cyano-2-fluorophenyl)-6-(trifluoromethyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-indole-3-sulfonamide 、 (-)-N-(4-cyano-2-fluorophenyl)-6-(trifluoromethyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-indole-3-sulfonamide
    参考文献:
    名称:
    FUSED PYRROLYL-SULFONAMIDE COMPOUNDS
    摘要:
    The present invention relates to a compound of formula (I), or a tautomer, a stereoisomer, a hydrate, a solvate, a polymorph, a prodrug, an isotope, or a co-crystal thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, (I) wherein A, R1, and R2are as defined in the description and claims. The present invention also relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound according to the invention, and a pharmaceutical acceptable carrier. The present invention also relates to the present compounds for use as a medicine and/or as diagnostics. The present invention also relates to the present compounds for use in the prevention and/or treatment of GPR17 mediated disorders, such as for example a disorder or syndrome selected from a myelination disorder and a disorder or syndrome associated with brain tissue damage.
    公开号:
    WO2024115733A1
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文献信息

  • [EN] THERMALLY STABLE VOLATILE FILM PRECURSORS<br/>[FR] PRÉCURSEURS DE FILM MINCE VOLATILS ET THERMIQUEMENT STABLES
    申请人:UNIV WAYNE STATE
    公开号:WO2010132871A1
    公开(公告)日:2010-11-18
    A precursor for the deposition of a thin film by atomic layer deposition is provided. The compound has the formula MxLy where M is a metal and L is an amidrazone-derived ligand or an amidate-derived ligand. A process of forming a thin film using the precursors is also provided.
    提供了一种用原子层沉积法沉积薄膜的前体。该化合物的化学式为MxLy,其中M是金属,L是一种来自酰胺脲衍生配体或酰胺酸衍生配体的配体。还提供了一种使用这些前体形成薄膜的过程。
  • PYRAZOLO[1,5a]PYRIMIDINE DERIVATIVES AS IRAK4 MODULATORS
    申请人:Arora Nidhi
    公开号:US20120015962A1
    公开(公告)日:2012-01-19
    Compounds of the formula I or II: wherein X, m, Ar, R 1 and R 2 are as defined herein. The subject compounds are useful for treatment of IRAK-mediated conditions.
    式I或II的化合物: 其中X,m,Ar,R1和R2如本文所定义。所述化合物对于治疗IRAK介导的疾病是有用的。
  • Antithrombotic agents
    申请人:Eli Lilly And Company
    公开号:US06350774B1
    公开(公告)日:2002-02-26
    This application relates to novel compounds of formula (I) (and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts), as defined herein, processes and intermediates for their preparation, pharmaceutical formulations comprising the novel compounds of formula (I), and the use of the compounds of formula (I) as thrombin inhibitors.
    这项申请涉及到式(I)的新化合物(及其药用可接受的盐),如本文所定义,用于它们的制备的工艺和中间体,包括式(I)的新化合物的药物配方,以及将式(I)的化合物用作凝血酶抑制剂。
  • C<sub>9/12</sub> Ribbon-Like Structures in Hybrid Peptides Alternating α- and Thiazole-Based γ-Amino Acids
    作者:Clément Bonnel、Baptiste Legrand、Matthieu Simon、Jean Martinez、Jean-Louis Bantignies、Young Kee Kang、Emmanuel Wenger、Francois Hoh、Nicolas Masurier、Ludovic T. Maillard
    DOI:10.1002/chem.201704001
    日期:2017.12.11
    A ribbon structure, stabilized by C9/12-hydrogen bonds, was determined in heterochiral hybrid peptides alternating α- and thiazole-based γ-amino acids (see figure).
    确定了在杂手性杂合肽中交替出现的基于C 9/ 12-氢键的带状结构,这些杂化肽交替使用基于α-和噻唑的γ-氨基酸(见图)。
  • SUBSTITUTED ISOXAZOLES
    申请人:Buettelmann Bernd
    公开号:US20100256127A1
    公开(公告)日:2010-10-07
    The present invention is concerned with novel hydroxy-methyl isoxazole derivatives of formula I wherein R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are as described herein, as well as pharmaceutically acceptable salts and esters thereof. The active compounds of the present invention have affinity and selectivity for GABA A α5 receptor. Further the present invention is concerned with the manufacture of the active compounds of formula I, pharmaceutical compositions containing them and their use as pharmaceuticals.
    本发明涉及一种新型的羟甲基异噁唑衍生物,其化学式为I,其中R1、R2和R3如本文所述,以及其药学上可接受的盐和酯。本发明的活性化合物具有对GABA A α5受体的亲和力和选择性。此外,本发明涉及制备化学式I的活性化合物、含有它们的药物组合物以及它们作为药物的用途。
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表征谱图

  • 氢谱
    1HNMR
  • 质谱
    MS
  • 碳谱
    13CNMR
  • 红外
    IR
  • 拉曼
    Raman
hnmr
mass
cnmr
ir
raman
  • 峰位数据
  • 峰位匹配
  • 表征信息
Shift(ppm)
Intensity
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Assign
Shift(ppm)
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测试频率
样品用量
溶剂
溶剂用量
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(N-(2-甲基丙-2-烯-1-基)乙烷-1,2-二胺) (4-(苄氧基)-2-(哌啶-1-基)吡啶咪丁-5-基)硼酸 (11-巯基十一烷基)-,,-三甲基溴化铵 鼠立死 鹿花菌素 鲸蜡醇硫酸酯DEA盐 鲸蜡硬脂基二甲基氯化铵 鲸蜡基胺氢氟酸盐 鲸蜡基二甲胺盐酸盐 高苯丙氨醇 高箱鲀毒素 高氯酸5-(二甲氨基)-1-({(E)-[4-(二甲氨基)苯基]甲亚基}氨基)-2-甲基吡啶正离子 高氯酸2-氯-1-({(E)-[4-(二甲氨基)苯基]甲亚基}氨基)-6-甲基吡啶正离子 高氯酸2-(丙烯酰基氧基)-N,N,N-三甲基乙铵 马诺地尔 马来酸氢十八烷酯 马来酸噻吗洛尔EP杂质C 马来酸噻吗洛尔 马来酸倍他司汀 顺式环己烷-1,3-二胺盐酸盐 顺式氯化锆二乙腈 顺式吡咯烷-3,4-二醇盐酸盐 顺式双(3-甲氧基丙腈)二氯铂(II) 顺式3,4-二氟吡咯烷盐酸盐 顺式1-甲基环丙烷1,2-二腈 顺式-二氯-反式-二乙酸-氨-环己胺合铂 顺式-二抗坏血酸(外消旋-1,2-二氨基环己烷)铂(II)水合物 顺式-N,2-二甲基环己胺 顺式-4-甲氧基-环己胺盐酸盐 顺式-4-环己烯-1.2-二胺 顺式-4-氨基-2,2,2-三氟乙酸环己酯 顺式-2-甲基环己胺 顺式-2-(苯基氨基)环己醇 顺式-2-(氨基甲基)-1-苯基环丙烷羧酸盐酸盐 顺式-1,3-二氨基环戊烷 顺式-1,2-环戊烷二胺 顺式-1,2-环丁腈 顺式-1,2-双氨甲基环己烷 顺式--N,N'-二甲基-1,2-环己二胺 顺式-(R,S)-1,2-二氨基环己烷铂硫酸盐 顺式-(2-氨基-环戊基)-甲醇 顺-2-戊烯腈 顺-1,3-环己烷二胺 顺-1,3-双(氨甲基)环己烷 顺,顺-丙二腈 非那唑啉 靛酚钠盐 靛酚 霜霉威盐酸盐 霜脲氰