毒理性
恩尼菌素因其能作为离子载体,改变跨膜离子传输并破坏细胞壁的离子选择性而具有毒性。在膜中,恩尼菌素形成二聚体结构,并能将单价离子(尤其是K+、Mg2+、Ca2+和Na+)跨膜运输。这种效应在 mitochondrial 膜中尤其有害,导致氧化磷酸化解偶联。它们还知道抑制几种酶,包括酰基辅酶A:胆固醇酰基转移酶和环核苷酸磷酸二酯酶。恩尼菌素具有细胞毒性,可引起DNA片段化、诱导凋亡和破坏ERK信号通路。它们还能抑制位于膜上的ATP结合盒(ABC)转运体的活性,这些转运体是多药泵,影响异生物质和药物的生物利用度。(A3055、A3056、A3057)
Enniatins are toxic due to their ability to act as ionophores, changing ion transport across membranes and disrupting the ionic selectivity of cell walls. In the membrane, enniatins form a dimeric structure and are able to transport monovalent ions (especially K+, Mg2+,Ca2+ and Na+) across the membranes. This effect is particularly harmful in mitochondrial membranes, resulting in the uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation. They are also know to inhibit several enzymes, including acyl coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase and cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase. Enniatins are cytotoxic and can cause DNA fragmentation, induce apoptosis, and disrupt the ERK signalling pathway. They can also inhibit the activity of membrane-located ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, multidrug pumps which affect the bioavailability of xenobiotics and pharmaceuticals. (A3055, A3056, A3057)
来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)