2,4-Xylidine is absorbed through the GI tract, the skin and the respiratory tract. It is metabolized and excreted in the urine. In the urine of rats, 2,4-xylidine appears mainly unchanged or as 4-amino-3-methylbenzoic acid or N-acetyl-4-amino-3-methylbenzoic acid and their sulfate or glucuronide conjugates. These compounds are formed after oxidation at the p- methyl group. In addition, 6-hydroxy-2,4-xylidine has been identified as a major metabolite in the urine or dogs. Traces of N-methyl-2,4-dimethyl-aniline are also detectable in the urine of both species. The quantity of metabolites in the urine does not incr after repeated admin of 2,4-xylidine.
The xylidine 2,4-dimethylaniline produces hepatic cholangiofibrosis, bile duct proliferation, and foci of cellular hyperplasia and degeneration in the rat. The same cmpd is relatively innocuous in the dog. ... The major urinary metabolite of 2,4-dimethylaniline in the rat was N-acetyl-4-amino-3-methylbenzoic acid while in the dog it was 6-hydroxy-2,4-dimethylaniline. The dog also produced a smaller amt of unacetylated 4-amino-3-methylbenzoic acid and its glycine conjugate. ... In rats, repeated admin of either xylidine /2,4-dimethylaniline or 2,6-dimethylaniline/ for 10 days failed to incr the appearance of metabolites, but 3-methylcholanthrene did incr the urinary concn of N-acetyl-4-amino-3-methylbenzoic acid in 2,4-dimethylaniline dose rats.
Classification of carcinogenicity: 1) evidence in humans: no adequate data; 2) evidence in animals: inadequate. Overall summary evaluation of carcinogenic risk humans is Group 3: The agent is not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans. /From table/
IARC Monographs:Volume 16: (1978) Some Aromatic Amines and Related Nitro Compounds – Hair Dyes, Colouring Agents and Miscellaneous Industrial Chemicals
来源:International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)
Compositions for Treatment of Cystic Fibrosis and Other Chronic Diseases
申请人:Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated
公开号:US20150231142A1
公开(公告)日:2015-08-20
The present invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising an inhibitor of epithelial sodium channel activity in combination with at least one ABC Transporter modulator compound of Formula A, Formula B, Formula C, or Formula D. The invention also relates to pharmaceutical formulations thereof, and to methods of using such compositions in the treatment of CFTR mediated diseases, particularly cystic fibrosis using the pharmaceutical combination compositions.
[EN] NOVEL COMPOUNDS AND PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITIONS THEREOF FOR THE TREATMENT OF INFLAMMATORY DISORDERS<br/>[FR] NOUVEAUX COMPOSÉS ET COMPOSITIONS PHARMACEUTIQUES LES COMPRENANT POUR LE TRAITEMENT DE TROUBLES INFLAMMATOIRES
申请人:GALAPAGOS NV
公开号:WO2017012647A1
公开(公告)日:2017-01-26
The present invention discloses compounds according to Formula (I), wherein R1, R3, R4, R5, L1, and Cy are as defined herein. The present invention also provides compounds, methods for the production of said compounds of the invention, pharmaceutical compositions comprising the same and their use in allergic or inflammatory conditions, autoimmune diseases, proliferative diseases, transplantation rejection, diseases involving impairment of cartilage turnover, congenital cartilage malformations, and/or diseases associated with hypersecretion of IL6 and/or interferons. The present invention also methods for the prevention and/or treatment of the aforementioned diseases by administering a compound of the invention.
Steric influences on spin-lattice relaxation rates of methyl protons in substituted aromatic molecules
作者:Walter J. Chazin、Lawrence D. Colebrook
DOI:10.1002/mrc.1260230803
日期:1985.8
Proton spin‐lattice relaxation rates (R1 values) have been measured at 400 MHz for a series of substitutedaromaticcompounds to determine the steric effects of ortho substituents on the R1 values of the methyl groups. These values have been interpreted on the basis of differences in the barriers to methyl group rotation caused by the substituent, resulting in changes in the contributions from the
Compounds having the formula
1
or therapeutically acceptable salts thereof, are histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors. Preparation of the compounds, compositions containing the compounds, and treatment of diseases using the compounds are disclosed.
Synthesis and biological activity of 2-[2-(7-chloroquinolin-4-ylthio)-4-methylthiazol-5-yl]-<i>N</i>-phenylacetamide derivatives as antimalarial and cytotoxic agents
作者:Hegira Rámirez、Juan R Rodrigues、Michael R Mijares、Juan B De Sanctis、Jaime E Charris
DOI:10.1177/1747519819899073
日期:2020.5
A novel series of 2-[2-(7-chloroquinolin-4-ylthio)-4-methylthiazol-5-yl]-N-phenylacetamide derivatives is synthesized via substitution with 2-mercapto-4-methyl-5-thiazoleacetic acid at position 4 of 4,7-dichloroquinoline to obtain an intermediate acetic acid derivative. The chemical behavior of these reactants was investigated using different reaction conditions to optimize the nucleophilic substitution