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    首页 分子通 按物质功能分类 原料药 抗肿瘤药

    抗肿瘤药

    具有抑制或杀灭体内肿瘤细胞作用的药物，在肿瘤综合治疗中占据重要地位，尤其在无法通过手术治疗的白血病和播散型肿瘤治疗方面更为关键。

    目前广泛应用的抗肿瘤药物大多通过抑制DNA或RNA合成，甚至破坏DNA结构来发挥作用。根据其对不同周期肿瘤细胞的影响，主要分为细胞周期特异性药物和非特异性药物两大类。尽管两类药物的作用机制有所不同，但它们都会对骨髓造血干细胞及其他生长周期较短的细胞产生不同程度的杀伤作用，并可抑制机体免疫反应。

    抗肿瘤药物种类繁多，主要包括以下几大类：烷化剂类，如环磷酰胺、甘磷酰芥、塞替派等；抗代谢药，如甲氨蝶呤、巯嘌呤、氟尿嘧啶、羟基脲等；抗生素类，如更生霉素、丝裂霉素C、博莱霉素等；激素类，如泼尼松、丙酸睾丸素、乙烯雌酚等；某些植物药，如长春碱、喜树碱、秋水仙碱等；以及其他类药物，如丙卡巴肼、丙亚胺、乙双吗啉等。由于抗肿瘤药物种类繁多且作用机制各异，在临床应用时需要精心选择。

    下级分类

    相关化合物

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— 7-O-(3-amino-2,3,6-tridesoxy-α-D-lyxo-hexopyranosyl)daunomycinone 23541-50-6 C27H30NO10*Cl
    7-O-(3-amino-2,3,6-tridesoxy-α-D-lyxo-hexopyranosyl)daunomycinone
    —— 7-O-(3-amino-2,3,6-tridesoxy-β-D-lyxo-hexopyranosyl)daunomycinone 23541-50-6 C27H29NO10*ClH
    7-O-(3-amino-2,3,6-tridesoxy-β-D-lyxo-hexopyranosyl)daunomycinone
    —— DL-Isopodophyllotoxin 477-47-4 C22H22O8
    DL-Isopodophyllotoxin
    —— (+/-)-epiisopodophyllotoxin 477-47-4 C22H22O8
    (+/-)-epiisopodophyllotoxin
    —— Podophyllotoxin 477-47-4 C22H22O8
    Podophyllotoxin
    —— 9c-Hydroxy-5c-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-5,5a,6a,9-tetrahydro-(5ar)-8H-furo<3',4':6,7>naphtho<2,3-d>(1,3)-dioxol-6-on; Podophyllotoxin 477-47-4 C22H22O8
    9c-Hydroxy-5c-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-5,5a,6a,9-tetrahydro-(5ar)-8H-furo<3',4':6,7>naphtho<2,3-d>(1,3)-dioxol-6-on; Podophyllotoxin
    —— bropirimine 56741-95-8 C10H8BrN3O
    bropirimine
    —— methyl (1R,10S,11R,12R)-11-acetyloxy-12-ethyl-4-[(13S,15S,17S)-17-ethyl-17-hydroxy-13-methoxycarbonyl-1,11-diazatetracyclo[13.3.1.04,12.05,10]nonadeca-4(12),5,7,9-tetraen-13-yl]-8-formyl-10-hydroxy-5-methoxy-8,16-diazapentacyclo[10.6.1.01,9.02,7.016,19]nonadeca-2,4,6,13-tetraene-10-carboxylate 57-22-7 C46H56N4O10
    methyl (1R,10S,11R,12R)-11-acetyloxy-12-ethyl-4-[(13S,15S,17S)-17-ethyl-17-hydroxy-13-methoxycarbonyl-1,11-diazatetracyclo[13.3.1.04,12.05,10]nonadeca-4(12),5,7,9-tetraen-13-yl]-8-formyl-10-hydroxy-5-methoxy-8,16-diazapentacyclo[10.6.1.01,9.02,7.016,19]nonadeca-2,4,6,13-tetraene-10-carboxylate
    —— vincristine sulphate 2068-78-2 C46H56N4O10*H2O4S
    vincristine sulphate
    —— vincristine dihydrogen sulphate 2068-78-2 C46H56N4O10.H2O4S
    vincristine dihydrogen sulphate
    —— vincristine 57-22-7 C46H56N4O10
    vincristine
    —— doxorubicin 23214-92-8 C27H29NO11
    doxorubicin
    —— Doxorubicin 23214-92-8 C27H29NO11
    Doxorubicin
    —— 3-(2-deoxy-α-D-erythro-pentofuranosyl)-3,6,7,8-tetrahydroimidazo<4,5-d><1,3>diazepin-8-ol 53910-25-1 C11H16N4O4
    3-(2-deoxy-α-D-erythro-pentofuranosyl)-3,6,7,8-tetrahydroimidazo<4,5-d><1,3>diazepin-8-ol
    —— 1-(8-hydroxy-7,8-dihydro-6<i>H</i>-imidazo[4,5-<i>d</i>][1,3]diazepin-3-yl)-β-<i>L</i>-erythro-1,2-dideoxy-pentofuranose 69196-04-9 C11H16N4O4
    1-(8-hydroxy-7,8-dihydro-6<i>H</i>-imidazo[4,5-<i>d</i>][1,3]diazepin-3-yl)-β-<i>L</i>-erythro-1,2-dideoxy-pentofuranose
    —— novantrone 70476-82-3 C22H28N4O6*2ClH
    novantrone
    —— imatinib mesylate 220127-57-1 CH4O3S*C29H31N7O
    imatinib mesylate
    —— [(2R,3R,4R,6S)-6-[[(6S,7S)-6-[(2S,4R,5R,6R)-4-[(4R,5S,6R)-4-[(2S,4S,5R,6R)-5-acetyloxy-4-hydroxy-4,6-dimethyloxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-7-[(1S,3S,4R)-3,4-dihydroxy-1-methoxy-2-oxopentyl]-4,10-dihydroxy-3-methyl-5-oxo-7,8-dihydro-6H-anthracen-2-yl]oxy]-4-[(2S,4R,5S,6R)-4-hydroxy-5-methoxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-2-methyloxan-3-yl] acetate 7059-24-7 C57H82O26
    [(2R,3R,4R,6S)-6-[[(6S,7S)-6-[(2S,4R,5R,6R)-4-[(4R,5S,6R)-4-[(2S,4S,5R,6R)-5-acetyloxy-4-hydroxy-4,6-dimethyloxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-7-[(1S,3S,4R)-3,4-dihydroxy-1-methoxy-2-oxopentyl]-4,10-dihydroxy-3-methyl-5-oxo-7,8-dihydro-6H-anthracen-2-yl]oxy]-4-[(2S,4R,5S,6R)-4-hydroxy-5-methoxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-2-methyloxan-3-yl] acetate
    —— [(2S,3R,4S)-6-[[(6S,7S)-6-[(4R,5R,6R)-4-[(4S,5S,6S)-4-[(4S,5S,6S)-5-acetyloxy-4-hydroxy-4,6-dimethyloxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-7-[(1R,3S,4S)-3,4-dihydroxy-1-methoxy-2-oxopentyl]-4,10-dihydroxy-3-methyl-5-oxo-7,8-dihydro-6H-anthracen-2-yl]oxy]-4-[(4S,5S,6S)-4-hydroxy-5-methoxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-2-methyloxan-3-yl] acetate 7059-24-7 C57H82O26
    [(2S,3R,4S)-6-[[(6S,7S)-6-[(4R,5R,6R)-4-[(4S,5S,6S)-4-[(4S,5S,6S)-5-acetyloxy-4-hydroxy-4,6-dimethyloxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-7-[(1R,3S,4S)-3,4-dihydroxy-1-methoxy-2-oxopentyl]-4,10-dihydroxy-3-methyl-5-oxo-7,8-dihydro-6H-anthracen-2-yl]oxy]-4-[(4S,5S,6S)-4-hydroxy-5-methoxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-2-methyloxan-3-yl] acetate
    —— [6-[[(6S,7S)-6-[4-[4-(5-acetyloxy-4-hydroxy-4,6-dimethyloxan-2-yl)oxy-5-hydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-7-[(1S,3S,4R)-3,4-dihydroxy-1-methoxy-2-oxopentyl]-4,10-dihydroxy-3-methyl-5-oxo-7,8-dihydro-6H-anthracen-2-yl]oxy]-4-(4-hydroxy-5-methoxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxy-2-methyloxan-3-yl] acetate 74913-06-7 C57H82O26
    [6-[[(6S,7S)-6-[4-[4-(5-acetyloxy-4-hydroxy-4,6-dimethyloxan-2-yl)oxy-5-hydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-7-[(1S,3S,4R)-3,4-dihydroxy-1-methoxy-2-oxopentyl]-4,10-dihydroxy-3-methyl-5-oxo-7,8-dihydro-6H-anthracen-2-yl]oxy]-4-(4-hydroxy-5-methoxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxy-2-methyloxan-3-yl] acetate
    —— 2-amino-1-N-[(3R,6S,7R,10S,16S)-3-[(2S)-butan-2-yl]-7,11,14-trimethyl-2,5,9,12,15-pentaoxo-10-propan-2-yl-8-oxa-1,4,11,14-tetrazabicyclo[14.3.0]nonadecan-6-yl]-4,6-dimethyl-3-oxo-9-N-[(3R,6S,7R,10S,16S)-7,11,14-trimethyl-2,5,9,12,15-pentaoxo-3,10-di(propan-2-yl)-8-oxa-1,4,11,14-tetrazabicyclo[14.3.0]nonadecan-6-yl]phenoxazine-1,9-dicarboxamide 8052-16-2 C63H88N12O16
    2-amino-1-N-[(3R,6S,7R,10S,16S)-3-[(2S)-butan-2-yl]-7,11,14-trimethyl-2,5,9,12,15-pentaoxo-10-propan-2-yl-8-oxa-1,4,11,14-tetrazabicyclo[14.3.0]nonadecan-6-yl]-4,6-dimethyl-3-oxo-9-N-[(3R,6S,7R,10S,16S)-7,11,14-trimethyl-2,5,9,12,15-pentaoxo-3,10-di(propan-2-yl)-8-oxa-1,4,11,14-tetrazabicyclo[14.3.0]nonadecan-6-yl]phenoxazine-1,9-dicarboxamide
    —— mitomycin C 50-07-7 C15H18N4O5
    mitomycin C
    —— 6-amino-8-carbamoyloxymethyl-8a-methoxy-5-methyl-1,1a,2,8,8a,8b-hexahydro-azirino[2',3':3,4]pyrrolo[1,2-<i>a</i>]indole-4,7-dione 50-07-7 C15H18N4O5
    6-amino-8-carbamoyloxymethyl-8a-methoxy-5-methyl-1,1a,2,8,8a,8b-hexahydro-azirino[2',3':3,4]pyrrolo[1,2-<i>a</i>]indole-4,7-dione
    —— (2E)-N-[2-(5-hydroxy-1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-propenamide 193224-22-5 C20H20N2O4
    (2E)-N-[2-(5-hydroxy-1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-propenamide
    —— norcantharidin 29745-04-8 C8H8O4
    norcantharidin
    —— (+/-)-podophyllotoxin 477-47-4 C22H22O8
    (+/-)-podophyllotoxin
    —— (7S,9S)-9-acetyl-7-[(2S,6S)-4-amino-5-hydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-6,9,11-trihydroxy-4-methoxy-8,10-dihydro-7H-tetracene-5,12-dione 20830-81-3 C27H29NO10
    (7S,9S)-9-acetyl-7-[(2S,6S)-4-amino-5-hydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-6,9,11-trihydroxy-4-methoxy-8,10-dihydro-7H-tetracene-5,12-dione
    —— daunorubicin 20830-81-3 C27H29NO10
    daunorubicin
    —— daunorubicin 20830-81-3 C27H29NO10
    daunorubicin
    —— Daunomycin 20830-81-3 C27H29NO10
    Daunomycin
    —— 5-(3,3-dimethyl-1-triazeno)imidazone-4-carboxamide 4342-03-4 C6H10N6O
    5-(3,3-dimethyl-1-triazeno)imidazone-4-carboxamide
    —— disodium;(2S)-2-[[4-[2-(2-amino-4-oxo-3,7-dihydropyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl)ethyl]benzoyl]amino]pentanedioate 150399-23-8 C20H19N5Na2O6
    disodium;(2S)-2-[[4-[2-(2-amino-4-oxo-3,7-dihydropyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl)ethyl]benzoyl]amino]pentanedioate
    —— cisplatin 15663-27-1 Cl2H4N2Pt
    cisplatin
    —— cantharidin 56-25-7 C10H12O4
    cantharidin
    —— (+/-)-epi-picropodophyllin 477-47-4 C22H22O8
    (+/-)-epi-picropodophyllin
    —— vinblastine sulfate 865-21-4 C46H58N4O9*H2O4S
    vinblastine sulfate
    —— Vinblastin-sulfat 143-67-9 C46H58N4O9*H2O4S
    Vinblastin-sulfat
    —— anhydrovinblastine 38390-45-3 C46H56N4O8
    anhydrovinblastine
    —— (3aR,3a1R,4R,5S,5aR,10bR)-methyl 4-acetoxy-3a-ethyl-9-((3R,5S,7R,9S)-5-ethyl-5-hydroxy-9-(methoxycarbonyl)-2,4,5,6,7,8,9,10-octahydro-1H-3,7-methano[1]azacycloundecino[5,4-b]indol-9-yl)-5-hydroxy-8-methoxy-6-methyl-3a,3a1,4,5,5a,6,11,12-octahydro-1H-indolizino[8,1-cd]carbazole-5-carboxylate sulfuric acid 143-67-9 C46H58N4O9*H2O4S
    (3aR,3a1R,4R,5S,5aR,10bR)-methyl 4-acetoxy-3a-ethyl-9-((3R,5S,7R,9S)-5-ethyl-5-hydroxy-9-(methoxycarbonyl)-2,4,5,6,7,8,9,10-octahydro-1H-3,7-methano[1]azacycloundecino[5,4-b]indol-9-yl)-5-hydroxy-8-methoxy-6-methyl-3a,3a1,4,5,5a,6,11,12-octahydro-1H-indolizino[8,1-cd]carbazole-5-carboxylate sulfuric acid
    —— [6-[[6-[4-[4-(5-acetyloxy-4-hydroxy-4,6-dimethyloxan-2-yl)oxy-5-hydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-7-(3,4-dihydroxy-1-methoxy-2-oxopentyl)-4,10-dihydroxy-3-methyl-5-oxo-7,8-dihydro-6H-anthracen-2-yl]oxy]-4-(4-hydroxy-5-methoxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxy-2-methyloxan-3-yl] acetate 7059-24-7 C57H82O26
    [6-[[6-[4-[4-(5-acetyloxy-4-hydroxy-4,6-dimethyloxan-2-yl)oxy-5-hydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-7-(3,4-dihydroxy-1-methoxy-2-oxopentyl)-4,10-dihydroxy-3-methyl-5-oxo-7,8-dihydro-6H-anthracen-2-yl]oxy]-4-(4-hydroxy-5-methoxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxy-2-methyloxan-3-yl] acetate
    —— 4,8-Dihydroxy-5,5,7,9,13-pentamethyl-16-[1-(2-methyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)prop-1-en-2-yl]-1-oxacyclohexadec-13-ene-2,6-dione 189453-10-9 C27H41NO5S
    4,8-Dihydroxy-5,5,7,9,13-pentamethyl-16-[1-(2-methyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)prop-1-en-2-yl]-1-oxacyclohexadec-13-ene-2,6-dione
    —— 9-acetyl-7-(4-amino-5-hydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxy-6,9,11-trihydroxy-8,10-dihydro-7H-tetracene-5,12-dione 57852-57-0 C26H27NO9
    9-acetyl-7-(4-amino-5-hydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxy-6,9,11-trihydroxy-8,10-dihydro-7H-tetracene-5,12-dione
    —— Antibiotic MA 144A1 57576-44-0 C42H53NO15
    Antibiotic MA 144A1
    —— Bleomycin A5 11116-32-8 C57H89N19O21S2
    Bleomycin A5
    —— Monocrotalin 315-22-0 C16H23NO6
    Monocrotalin
    —— 2-amino-1-N-(3-butan-2-yl-7,11,14-trimethyl-2,5,9,12,15-pentaoxo-10-propan-2-yl-8-oxa-1,4,11,14-tetrazabicyclo[14.3.0]nonadecan-6-yl)-4,6-dimethyl-3-oxo-9-N-[7,11,14-trimethyl-2,5,9,12,15-pentaoxo-3,10-di(propan-2-yl)-8-oxa-1,4,11,14-tetrazabicyclo[14.3.0]nonadecan-6-yl]phenoxazine-1,9-dicarboxamide 8052-16-2 C63H88N12O16
    2-amino-1-N-(3-butan-2-yl-7,11,14-trimethyl-2,5,9,12,15-pentaoxo-10-propan-2-yl-8-oxa-1,4,11,14-tetrazabicyclo[14.3.0]nonadecan-6-yl)-4,6-dimethyl-3-oxo-9-N-[7,11,14-trimethyl-2,5,9,12,15-pentaoxo-3,10-di(propan-2-yl)-8-oxa-1,4,11,14-tetrazabicyclo[14.3.0]nonadecan-6-yl]phenoxazine-1,9-dicarboxamide
    —— beta-elemene 11029-06-4 C15H24
    beta-elemene
    —— Vincristine (free base) 57-22-7 C46H56N4O10
    Vincristine (free base)
    —— floxuridine 955-24-8 C9H11FN2O5
    floxuridine
    —— Epipodophyllotoxin, 4'-demethyl-, 9-(4,6-O-2-thenylidene-beta-D-glucopyranoside) 29767-20-2 C32H32O13S
    Epipodophyllotoxin, 4'-demethyl-, 9-(4,6-O-2-thenylidene-beta-D-glucopyranoside)