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    首页 分子通 按物质功能分类 原料药 抗肿瘤药

    抗肿瘤药

    具有抑制或杀灭体内肿瘤细胞作用的药物，在肿瘤综合治疗中占据重要地位，尤其在无法通过手术治疗的白血病和播散型肿瘤治疗方面更为关键。

    目前广泛应用的抗肿瘤药物大多通过抑制DNA或RNA合成，甚至破坏DNA结构来发挥作用。根据其对不同周期肿瘤细胞的影响，主要分为细胞周期特异性药物和非特异性药物两大类。尽管两类药物的作用机制有所不同，但它们都会对骨髓造血干细胞及其他生长周期较短的细胞产生不同程度的杀伤作用，并可抑制机体免疫反应。

    抗肿瘤药物种类繁多，主要包括以下几大类：烷化剂类，如环磷酰胺、甘磷酰芥、塞替派等；抗代谢药，如甲氨蝶呤、巯嘌呤、氟尿嘧啶、羟基脲等；抗生素类，如更生霉素、丝裂霉素C、博莱霉素等；激素类，如泼尼松、丙酸睾丸素、乙烯雌酚等；某些植物药，如长春碱、喜树碱、秋水仙碱等；以及其他类药物，如丙卡巴肼、丙亚胺、乙双吗啉等。由于抗肿瘤药物种类繁多且作用机制各异，在临床应用时需要精心选择。

    下级分类

    相关化合物

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— 3',4'-Anhydrovinblastine 38390-45-3 C46H56N4O8
    3',4'-Anhydrovinblastine
    —— N-trifluoroacetyl doxorubicin-14-valerate 56124-62-0 C34H36F3NO13
    N-trifluoroacetyl doxorubicin-14-valerate
    —— calcium salt of L-5-methylfolate 26560-38-3 C20H23N7O6*Ca
    calcium salt of L-5-methylfolate
    —— 13-(R,S)-dihydrodaunorubicin 28008-55-1 C27H31NO10
    13-(R,S)-dihydrodaunorubicin
    —— 10-hydroxycamptothecin 19685-09-7 C20H16N2O5
    10-hydroxycamptothecin
    —— (1S,3S,7R,10S,11S,12S,16R)-7,11-Dihydroxy-8,8,10,12,16-pentamethyl-3-[(E)-1-(2-methyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)prop-1-en-2-yl]-17-oxa-4-azabicyclo[14.1.0]heptadecane-5,9-dione 219989-84-1 C27H42N2O5S
    (1S,3S,7R,10S,11S,12S,16R)-7,11-Dihydroxy-8,8,10,12,16-pentamethyl-3-[(E)-1-(2-methyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)prop-1-en-2-yl]-17-oxa-4-azabicyclo[14.1.0]heptadecane-5,9-dione
    —— GD-Tex 156436-89-4 C52H74GdN5O15
    GD-Tex
    —— 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid;methyl 11-acetyloxy-12-ethyl-4-(16-ethyl-12-methoxycarbonyl-1,10-diazatetracyclo[12.3.1.03,11.04,9]octadeca-3(11),4,6,8,15-pentaen-12-yl)-10-hydroxy-5-methoxy-8-methyl-8,16-diazapentacyclo[10.6.1.01,9.02,7.016,19]nonadeca-2,4,6,13-tetraene-10-carboxylate 125317-39-7 C53H66N4O20
    2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid;methyl 11-acetyloxy-12-ethyl-4-(16-ethyl-12-methoxycarbonyl-1,10-diazatetracyclo[12.3.1.03,11.04,9]octadeca-3(11),4,6,8,15-pentaen-12-yl)-10-hydroxy-5-methoxy-8-methyl-8,16-diazapentacyclo[10.6.1.01,9.02,7.016,19]nonadeca-2,4,6,13-tetraene-10-carboxylate
    —— 3-[[2-[2-[2-[[(2S,3R)-2-[[(2S,3S,4R)-4-[[(2S,3R)-2-[[6-amino-2-[(1S)-3-amino-1-[[(2S)-2,3-diamino-3-oxopropyl]amino]-3-oxopropyl]-5-methylpyrimidine-4-carbonyl]amino]-3-[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6S)-3-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-4-carbamoyloxy-3,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3-(1H-imidazol-5-yl)propanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxy-2-methylpentanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxybutanoyl]amino]ethyl]-1,3-thiazol-4-yl]-1,3-thiazole-4-carbonyl]amino]propyl-dimethylsulfanium;hydrochloride 67763-87-5 C55H85ClN17O21S3+
    3-[[2-[2-[2-[[(2S,3R)-2-[[(2S,3S,4R)-4-[[(2S,3R)-2-[[6-amino-2-[(1S)-3-amino-1-[[(2S)-2,3-diamino-3-oxopropyl]amino]-3-oxopropyl]-5-methylpyrimidine-4-carbonyl]amino]-3-[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6S)-3-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-4-carbamoyloxy-3,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3-(1H-imidazol-5-yl)propanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxy-2-methylpentanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxybutanoyl]amino]ethyl]-1,3-thiazol-4-yl]-1,3-thiazole-4-carbonyl]amino]propyl-dimethylsulfanium;hydrochloride
    —— (3S,4S,5R)-2-(2-amino-6-methoxypurin-9-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolane-3,4-diol 121032-29-9 C11H15N5O5
    (3S,4S,5R)-2-(2-amino-6-methoxypurin-9-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolane-3,4-diol
    —— 3-Amino-5,5-dimethyl-hexanoicacidamide 893-01-6 C16H14OS2
    3-Amino-5,5-dimethyl-hexanoicacidamide
    —— Tenidap 120210-48-2 C14H9ClN2O3S
    Tenidap
    —— Etopophos 117091-64-2 C29H33O16P
    Etopophos
    —— Alocrest 71486-22-1 C45H54N4O8
    Alocrest
    —— CO-Vidarabine 53910-25-1 C11H16N4O4
    CO-Vidarabine
    —— Lillyl 99094 59917-39-4 C49H71N5O17S
    Lillyl 99094
    —— Icig 1105; NSC 279194; rfcnu 55102-44-8 C18H21ClN4O9
    Icig 1105; NSC 279194; rfcnu
    —— (8R)-3-[(4S,5R)-4-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]-7,8-dihydro-4H-imidazo[4,5-d][1,3]diazepin-8-ol 53910-25-1 C11H16N4O4
    (8R)-3-[(4S,5R)-4-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]-7,8-dihydro-4H-imidazo[4,5-d][1,3]diazepin-8-ol
    —— Cephalotaxin a u. b 24316-19-6 C18H21NO4
    Cephalotaxin a u. b
    —— (7S,9S)-7-[(2R,4S,5S,6S)-4-amino-6-methyl-5-[(2S)-oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-6,9,11-trihydroxy-9-(2-hydroxyacetyl)-4-methoxy-8,10-dihydro-7H-tetracene-5,12-dione 72496-41-4 C32H37NO12
    (7S,9S)-7-[(2R,4S,5S,6S)-4-amino-6-methyl-5-[(2S)-oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-6,9,11-trihydroxy-9-(2-hydroxyacetyl)-4-methoxy-8,10-dihydro-7H-tetracene-5,12-dione
    —— (9S)-7-[(2R,4S,5S,6S)-4-amino-6-methyl-5-[(2R)-oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-6,9,11-trihydroxy-9-(2-hydroxyacetyl)-4-methoxy-8,10-dihydro-7H-tetracene-5,12-dione 72496-41-4 C32H37NO12
    (9S)-7-[(2R,4S,5S,6S)-4-amino-6-methyl-5-[(2R)-oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-6,9,11-trihydroxy-9-(2-hydroxyacetyl)-4-methoxy-8,10-dihydro-7H-tetracene-5,12-dione
    —— (5S,5aR,8aR,9R)-5-[(7,8-dihydroxy-2-thiophen-2-yl-4,4a,6,7,8,8a-hexahydropyrano[3,2-d][1,3]dioxin-6-yl)oxy]-9-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-5a,6,8a,9-tetrahydro-5H-[2]benzofuro[6,5-f][1,3]benzodioxol-8-one 29767-20-2 C32H32O13S
    (5S,5aR,8aR,9R)-5-[(7,8-dihydroxy-2-thiophen-2-yl-4,4a,6,7,8,8a-hexahydropyrano[3,2-d][1,3]dioxin-6-yl)oxy]-9-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-5a,6,8a,9-tetrahydro-5H-[2]benzofuro[6,5-f][1,3]benzodioxol-8-one
    —— (5S,5aR,8aR,9R)-5-[(7,8-dihydroxy-2-methyl-4,4a,6,7,8,8a-hexahydropyrano[3,2-d][1,3]dioxin-6-yl)oxy]-9-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-5a,6,8a,9-tetrahydro-5H-isobenzofuro[6,5-f][1,3]benzodioxol-8-one 33419-42-0 C29H32O13
    (5S,5aR,8aR,9R)-5-[(7,8-dihydroxy-2-methyl-4,4a,6,7,8,8a-hexahydropyrano[3,2-d][1,3]dioxin-6-yl)oxy]-9-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-5a,6,8a,9-tetrahydro-5H-isobenzofuro[6,5-f][1,3]benzodioxol-8-one
    —— N-[4-(9-acridinylmethyl)-3-methoxyphenyl]methanesulfonamide 51264-14-3 C22H20N2O3S
    N-[4-(9-acridinylmethyl)-3-methoxyphenyl]methanesulfonamide
    —— (2R,3S,4S,5R)-1,6-dibromohexane-2,3,4,5-tetrol 488-41-5 C6H12Br2O4
    (2R,3S,4S,5R)-1,6-dibromohexane-2,3,4,5-tetrol
    —— Bisantrene 71439-68-4 C22H22N8
    Bisantrene
    —— leurocristine 57-22-7 C46H56N4O10
    leurocristine
    —— Mitramycin 18378-89-7 C52H76O24
    Mitramycin
    —— Sodium azotomycin 7644-67-9 C17H25N7O8+2
    Sodium azotomycin
    —— (9S)-7-[4-amino-6-methyl-5-(oxan-2-yloxy)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6,9,11-trihydroxy-9-(2-hydroxyacetyl)-4-methoxy-8,10-dihydro-7H-tetracene-5,12-dione 72496-41-4 C32H37NO12
    (9S)-7-[4-amino-6-methyl-5-(oxan-2-yloxy)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6,9,11-trihydroxy-9-(2-hydroxyacetyl)-4-methoxy-8,10-dihydro-7H-tetracene-5,12-dione
    —— (8aR,9R)-5-[[(2R,4aR,6R,7R,8R)-7,8-dihydroxy-2-thiophen-2-yl-4,4a,6,7,8,8a-hexahydropyrano[3,2-d][1,3]dioxin-6-yl]oxy]-9-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-5a,6,8a,9-tetrahydro-5H-isobenzofuro[6,5-f][1,3]benzodioxol-8-one 29767-20-2 C32H32O13S
    (8aR,9R)-5-[[(2R,4aR,6R,7R,8R)-7,8-dihydroxy-2-thiophen-2-yl-4,4a,6,7,8,8a-hexahydropyrano[3,2-d][1,3]dioxin-6-yl]oxy]-9-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-5a,6,8a,9-tetrahydro-5H-isobenzofuro[6,5-f][1,3]benzodioxol-8-one
    —— Pharmakon1600-01500903 33419-42-0 C29H32O13
    Pharmakon1600-01500903
    —— pirarubicin 72496-41-4 C32H37NO12
    pirarubicin
    —— cinerulose 57576-44-0 C42H53NO15
    cinerulose
    —— methyl (1R,2R,4S)-4-[(2S,4S,5R,6R)-4-(dimethylamino)-5-[(2R,4S,5R,6R)-4-hydroxy-6-methyl-5-[(2S,6R)-6-methyl-5-oxooxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-2-ethyl-2,5,7-trihydroxy-6,11-dioxo-3,4-dihydro-1H-tetracene-1-carboxylate 57576-44-0 C42H53NO15
    methyl (1R,2R,4S)-4-[(2S,4S,5R,6R)-4-(dimethylamino)-5-[(2R,4S,5R,6R)-4-hydroxy-6-methyl-5-[(2S,6R)-6-methyl-5-oxooxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-2-ethyl-2,5,7-trihydroxy-6,11-dioxo-3,4-dihydro-1H-tetracene-1-carboxylate
    —— acurarubicin 57576-44-0 C42H53NO15
    acurarubicin
    —— catharanthine 2468-21-5 C21H24N2O2
    catharanthine
    —— 3,4-didehydro-ibogamine-18-carboxylic acid methyl ester 2468-21-5 C21H24N2O2
    3,4-didehydro-ibogamine-18-carboxylic acid methyl ester
    —— [(1R,2R)-cyclohexane-1,2-diamine](ethanedioato-O,O')platinum(II) 141610-50-6 C8H16N2O4Pt
    [(1R,2R)-cyclohexane-1,2-diamine](ethanedioato-O,O')platinum(II)
    —— 1-[(4S,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-methyl-2-oxolanyl]-5-fluoropyrimidine-2,4-dione 3094-09-5 C9H11FN2O5
    1-[(4S,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-methyl-2-oxolanyl]-5-fluoropyrimidine-2,4-dione
    —— Daunomycin; RP 13057; Rubidomycin 23541-50-6 C27H29NO10.HCl
    Daunomycin; RP 13057; Rubidomycin
    —— vinorelbine L-tartrate 125317-39-7 C53H66N4O20
    vinorelbine L-tartrate
    —— Veham-Sandoz 29767-20-2 C32H32O13S
    Veham-Sandoz
    —— 5-DFUR (Doxifluridine) 98% 3094-09-5 C9H11FN2O5
    5-DFUR (Doxifluridine) 98%
    —— 1-[(2R,4R,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-methyloxolan-2-yl]-5-fluoropyrimidine-2,4-dione 3094-09-5 C9H11FN2O5
    1-[(2R,4R,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-methyloxolan-2-yl]-5-fluoropyrimidine-2,4-dione
    —— Canertinib dihydrochloride 289499-45-2 C24H25ClFN5O3*2ClH
    Canertinib dihydrochloride
    —— Vinorelbine Ditartarate 71486-22-1 C45H54N4O8
    Vinorelbine Ditartarate
    —— vinorelbine D-tartrate 125317-39-7 C53H66N4O20
    vinorelbine D-tartrate
    —— 5'-dFUrd 3094-09-5 C9H11FN2O5
    5'-dFUrd
    —— (2R,3R)-2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid;methyl (1R,10S,11R,12R,19R)-11-acetyloxy-12-ethyl-4-[(12S,14R)-16-ethyl-12-methoxycarbonyl-1,10-diazatetracyclo[12.3.1.03,11.04,9]octadeca-3(11),4,6,8,15-pentaen-12-yl]-10-hydroxy-5-methoxy-8-methyl-8,16-diazapentacyclo[10.6.1.01,9.02,7.016,19]nonadeca-2,4,6,13-tetraene-10-carboxylate 125317-39-7 C53H66N4O20
    (2R,3R)-2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid;methyl (1R,10S,11R,12R,19R)-11-acetyloxy-12-ethyl-4-[(12S,14R)-16-ethyl-12-methoxycarbonyl-1,10-diazatetracyclo[12.3.1.03,11.04,9]octadeca-3(11),4,6,8,15-pentaen-12-yl]-10-hydroxy-5-methoxy-8-methyl-8,16-diazapentacyclo[10.6.1.01,9.02,7.016,19]nonadeca-2,4,6,13-tetraene-10-carboxylate