抗肿瘤药
具有抑制或杀灭体内肿瘤细胞作用的药物，在肿瘤综合治疗中占据重要地位，尤其在无法通过手术治疗的白血病和播散型肿瘤治疗方面更为关键。
目前广泛应用的抗肿瘤药物大多通过抑制DNA或RNA合成，甚至破坏DNA结构来发挥作用。根据其对不同周期肿瘤细胞的影响，主要分为细胞周期特异性药物和非特异性药物两大类。尽管两类药物的作用机制有所不同，但它们都会对骨髓造血干细胞及其他生长周期较短的细胞产生不同程度的杀伤作用，并可抑制机体免疫反应。
抗肿瘤药物种类繁多，主要包括以下几大类：烷化剂类，如环磷酰胺、甘磷酰芥、塞替派等；抗代谢药，如甲氨蝶呤、巯嘌呤、氟尿嘧啶、羟基脲等；抗生素类，如更生霉素、丝裂霉素C、博莱霉素等；激素类，如泼尼松、丙酸睾丸素、乙烯雌酚等；某些植物药，如长春碱、喜树碱、秋水仙碱等；以及其他类药物，如丙卡巴肼、丙亚胺、乙双吗啉等。由于抗肿瘤药物种类繁多且作用机制各异，在临床应用时需要精心选择。
相关化合物
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N-去甲基伊马替尼 | N-Desmethyl Imatinib | 404844-02-6 | C28H29N7O |
|
| N-[(1R,3S)-3-羟基-1-(羟甲基)-3-苯基丙基]十二酰胺 | N-((2R,4S)-1,4-dihydroxy-4-phenylbutan-2-yl)dodecanamide | 383418-30-2 | C22H37NO3 |
|
| N-(2-(二乙基氨基)乙基)-5-甲酰基-2,4-二甲基-1H-吡咯-3-甲酰胺 | tert-butyl 4-[[[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]amino]carbonyl]-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate | 590424-04-7 | C18H31N3O3 |
|
| 9-苄基咔唑-3-甲醛 | 9-benzyl-9H-carbazole-3-carbaldehyde | 54117-37-2 | C20H15NO |
|
| 7-乙基-10-羟基喜树碱 | 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin | 86639-52-3 | C22H20N2O5 |
|
| 6-硫鸟嘌呤 | thioguanin | 154-42-7 | C5H5N5S |
|
| 6-(双(2-氯乙基)氨基)-6-脱氧-D-吡喃半乳糖苷 | Galamustine | 105618-02-8 | C10H19Cl2NO5 |
|
| 5-氟脱氧尿苷杂质 | 2'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine 5'-phosphate | 50-91-9 | C9H11FN2O5 |
|
| 5-氟-4-羟基嘧啶 | 5-fluoro-3H-pyrimidin-4-one | 671-35-2 | C4H3FN2O |
|
| 5-氟-2'-脱氧脲核苷 | 5-Fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine | 50-91-9 | C9H11FN2O5 |
|
| 4-[(3-乙炔基苯基)氨基]-6,7-双(2-羟基乙氧基)]喹唑啉 | OSI-943 | 183321-84-8 | C20H19N3O4 |
|
| 4-(4-甲基哌嗪甲基)苯甲酰氯 | 4-(4-Methylpiperazin-1-ylmethyl)benzoyl chloride | 148077-69-4 | C13H17ClN2O |
|
| 3-三氟甲基-4-[(4-甲基哌嗪-1-基)甲基]苯胺 | 4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-ylmethyl)-3-trifluoromethylaniline | 694499-26-8 | C13H18F3N3 |
|
| 21-氨基埃坡霉素 B | 21-amino-epothilone B | 280578-49-6 | C27H42N2O6S |
|
| 2-[[4-[6-[(4-氰基-2-氟苯基)甲氧基]-2-吡啶基]-1-哌啶基]甲基]-1-[(2S)-2-氧杂环丁烷基甲基]-1H-苯并咪唑-6-羧酸 | PF-06882961 | 2230198-02-2 | C31H30FN5O4 |
|
| 2-(2-氨基-6-甲氧基嘌呤-9-基)-5-(羟基甲基)四氢呋喃-3,4-二醇 | <i>O</i><sup>6</sup>-methyl-guanosine | 7803-88-5 | C11H15N5O5 |
|
| 2,3-二溴-1,4-丁烯二醇 | 2,3-dibromo-2-butene-1,4-diol | 3234-02-4 | C4H6Br2O2 |
|
| 10-羟基喜树碱 | (S)-10-hydroxycamptothecin | 19685-09-7 | C20H16N2O5 |
|
| 10-羟基喜树碱 | dl-10-hydroxycamptothecin | 64439-81-2 | C20H16N2O5 |
|
| 1-(2-氯乙基)-1-亚硝基-3-[[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-三羟基-6-甲氧基-氧杂己环-2-基]甲基]脲 | Ranimustine | 58994-96-0 | C10H18ClN3O7 |
|
| (3R,4S,5S)-3-甲氧基-5-甲基-4-(甲基氨基)庚酸叔丁酯盐酸盐 | tert-butyl (3R,4S,5S)-3-methoxy-5-methyl-4-(methylamino)heptanoate hydrochloride | 120205-48-3 | C14H29NO3*ClH |
|
| —— | N-trifluoroacetyl doxorubicin-14-valerate | 56124-62-0 | C34H36F3NO13 |
|
| —— | calcium salt of L-5-methylfolate | 26560-38-3 | C20H23N7O6*Ca |
|
| —— | 13-(R,S)-dihydrodaunorubicin | 28008-55-1 | C27H31NO10 |
|
| —— | 10-hydroxycamptothecin | 19685-09-7 | C20H16N2O5 |
|
| —— | (1S,3S,7R,10S,11S,12S,16R)-7,11-Dihydroxy-8,8,10,12,16-pentamethyl-3-[(E)-1-(2-methyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)prop-1-en-2-yl]-17-oxa-4-azabicyclo[14.1.0]heptadecane-5,9-dione | 219989-84-1 | C27H42N2O5S |
|
| —— | GD-Tex | 156436-89-4 | C52H74GdN5O15 |
|
| —— | 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid;methyl 11-acetyloxy-12-ethyl-4-(16-ethyl-12-methoxycarbonyl-1,10-diazatetracyclo[12.3.1.03,11.04,9]octadeca-3(11),4,6,8,15-pentaen-12-yl)-10-hydroxy-5-methoxy-8-methyl-8,16-diazapentacyclo[10.6.1.01,9.02,7.016,19]nonadeca-2,4,6,13-tetraene-10-carboxylate | 125317-39-7 | C53H66N4O20 |
|
| —— | 3-[[2-[2-[2-[[(2S,3R)-2-[[(2S,3S,4R)-4-[[(2S,3R)-2-[[6-amino-2-[(1S)-3-amino-1-[[(2S)-2,3-diamino-3-oxopropyl]amino]-3-oxopropyl]-5-methylpyrimidine-4-carbonyl]amino]-3-[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6S)-3-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-4-carbamoyloxy-3,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3-(1H-imidazol-5-yl)propanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxy-2-methylpentanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxybutanoyl]amino]ethyl]-1,3-thiazol-4-yl]-1,3-thiazole-4-carbonyl]amino]propyl-dimethylsulfanium;hydrochloride | 67763-87-5 | C55H85ClN17O21S3+ |
|
| —— | (3S,4S,5R)-2-(2-amino-6-methoxypurin-9-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolane-3,4-diol | 121032-29-9 | C11H15N5O5 |
|
| —— | 3-Amino-5,5-dimethyl-hexanoicacidamide | 893-01-6 | C16H14OS2 |
|
| —— | Tenidap | 120210-48-2 | C14H9ClN2O3S |
|
| —— | Etopophos | 117091-64-2 | C29H33O16P |
|
| —— | Alocrest | 71486-22-1 | C45H54N4O8 |
|
| —— | CO-Vidarabine | 53910-25-1 | C11H16N4O4 |
|
| —— | Lillyl 99094 | 59917-39-4 | C49H71N5O17S |
|
| —— | Icig 1105; NSC 279194; rfcnu | 55102-44-8 | C18H21ClN4O9 |
|
| —— | (8R)-3-[(4S,5R)-4-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]-7,8-dihydro-4H-imidazo[4,5-d][1,3]diazepin-8-ol | 53910-25-1 | C11H16N4O4 |
|
| —— | Cephalotaxin a u. b | 24316-19-6 | C18H21NO4 |
|
| —— | (7S,9S)-7-[(2R,4S,5S,6S)-4-amino-6-methyl-5-[(2S)-oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-6,9,11-trihydroxy-9-(2-hydroxyacetyl)-4-methoxy-8,10-dihydro-7H-tetracene-5,12-dione | 72496-41-4 | C32H37NO12 |
|
| —— | (9S)-7-[(2R,4S,5S,6S)-4-amino-6-methyl-5-[(2R)-oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-6,9,11-trihydroxy-9-(2-hydroxyacetyl)-4-methoxy-8,10-dihydro-7H-tetracene-5,12-dione | 72496-41-4 | C32H37NO12 |
|
| —— | (5S,5aR,8aR,9R)-5-[(7,8-dihydroxy-2-thiophen-2-yl-4,4a,6,7,8,8a-hexahydropyrano[3,2-d][1,3]dioxin-6-yl)oxy]-9-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-5a,6,8a,9-tetrahydro-5H-[2]benzofuro[6,5-f][1,3]benzodioxol-8-one | 29767-20-2 | C32H32O13S |
|
| —— | (5S,5aR,8aR,9R)-5-[(7,8-dihydroxy-2-methyl-4,4a,6,7,8,8a-hexahydropyrano[3,2-d][1,3]dioxin-6-yl)oxy]-9-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-5a,6,8a,9-tetrahydro-5H-isobenzofuro[6,5-f][1,3]benzodioxol-8-one | 33419-42-0 | C29H32O13 |
|
| —— | N-[4-(9-acridinylmethyl)-3-methoxyphenyl]methanesulfonamide | 51264-14-3 | C22H20N2O3S |
|
| —— | (2R,3S,4S,5R)-1,6-dibromohexane-2,3,4,5-tetrol | 488-41-5 | C6H12Br2O4 |
|
| —— | Bisantrene | 71439-68-4 | C22H22N8 |
|
| —— | leurocristine | 57-22-7 | C46H56N4O10 |
|
| —— | Mitramycin | 18378-89-7 | C52H76O24 |
|
| —— | Sodium azotomycin | 7644-67-9 | C17H25N7O8+2 |
|
| —— | (9S)-7-[4-amino-6-methyl-5-(oxan-2-yloxy)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6,9,11-trihydroxy-9-(2-hydroxyacetyl)-4-methoxy-8,10-dihydro-7H-tetracene-5,12-dione | 72496-41-4 | C32H37NO12 |
|
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