Carbohydrate-binding modules (CBMs) are found within multi-modular polysaccharide degrading enzymes [glycoside hydrolases (GHs)]. CBMs play a critical role in the recognition of plant cell-wall polysaccharides and enhance the hydrolase activity of their cognate catalytic domains by increasing enzyme substrate proximity. Mimicking their role in Nature, we, in the present study, propose that CBMs may assist in vitro glycosynthase-catalysed polymerization reactions to produce artificial polysaccharides. Glycosynthases are GHs that have been engineered to catalyse glycoside bond formation for the synthesis of oligosaccharides, glycoconjugates and glycans. The degree of polymerization (DP) of the glycans generated is limited by the solubility of the polymeric product. In the present study, we have targeted the synthesis of artificial 1,3-1,4-β-glucans with a regular sequence using the glycosynthase E134S derived from a Bacillus licheniformis lichenase. We show that the addition of CBM11, which binds mixed-linked β-glucans, either as an isolated protein or fused to the glycosynthase E134S, has an effect on the DP of the polysaccharide products that is dependent on the rate of polymerization. The mechanism by which CBM influences the DP of the synthesized glycans is discussed.
碳水化合物结合模块(CBMs)存在于多模块
多糖降解酶[糖苷
水解酶(GHs)]中。CBMs 在识别植物细胞壁
多糖方面发挥着关键作用,并通过增加酶底物的接近性来增强其同源催化结构域的
水解酶活性。模仿它们在自然界中的作用,我们在本研究中提出,CBMs 可能有助于体外糖合成酶催化的聚合反应,从而产生人工
多糖。糖合成酶是一种 GHs,可以催化糖苷键的形成,从而合成低聚糖、糖共轭物和聚糖。生成的聚糖的聚合度(DP)受到聚合产物溶解度的限制。在本研究中,我们利用从地衣芽孢杆菌地衣酶中提取的糖合成酶 E134S,有针对性地合成了具有规则序列的人工 1,3-1,4-β-
葡聚糖。我们的研究表明,无论是作为一个独立的蛋白质,还是与糖合成酶 E134S 融合,加入能与混合连接的 β-
葡聚糖结合的 CBM11,都会对
多糖产物的 DP 产生影响,而这种影响取决于聚合速率。本文讨论了 CBM 影响合成聚糖 DP 的机制。