国标编号: | 61861 |
CAS: | 603-35-0 |
中文名称: | 三苯(基)磷 |
英文名称: | Triphenyl phosphine;Triphenyl phosphorous |
别 名: | 三苯(基)膦;瞵化三苯基 |
分子式: | C 18 H 15 P |
分子量: | 262.30 |
熔 点: | 79~82℃ 沸点:377? |
密 度: | 相对密度(水=1)1.32; |
蒸汽压: | 180℃/开杯 |
溶解性: | 不溶于水,微溶于乙醇,溶于苯、丙酮、四氯化碳 |
稳定性: | 稳定 |
外观与性状: | 白色或浅黄色片状结晶 |
危险标记: | 14(有毒品) |
用 途: | 用于有机化合物、磷盐及其它磷化合物合成 |
三苯基膦的分子式为C₁₈H₁₅P,分子量约为262.30。它是一种白色至类白色的结晶性粉末,易溶于乙醚,并且能溶于苯、氯仿和冰醋酸,略溶于乙醇,几乎不溶于水。熔点范围为78.5~81.5℃,沸点超过360℃(在惰性气体中测定)。三苯基膦是石油化工及精细化工生产中均相催化剂的重要配体,并且新用途不断开拓,需求量逐年增加。
分子结构三苯基膦分子具有非中心对称的四面体结构。带有一对孤对电子的磷原子与三个苯分子分别占据四个顶点。它容易形成对映体类型的晶体结构,而类似分子三苯基甲烷则仅发现其形成中心对称的空间群为P2₁。
化学性质在低于室温时,三苯基膦为无色至淡黄色的单斜结晶,在高于室温时转化为无色至淡黄色透明油状液体,具有刺激性气味,并对皮肤有刺激作用。熔点约为22℃,沸点360℃(0.1MPa),折射率n₂₅D 1.589,相对密度1.184(20℃)。它能与醇、醚、苯和丙酮等有机溶剂混溶,而不溶于水。
用途三苯基膦广泛应用于医药、石化、涂料和橡胶等行业。可用作催化剂、促进剂、阻燃剂、光热稳定剂和润滑油抗氧剂等。此外,它还可用于合成有机磷杀虫剂的中间体,作为合成橡胶和树脂的稳定剂及聚氯乙烯的抗氧剂,并可用于合成醇酸树脂和聚酯树脂。
生产方法三苯基膦可通过溴苯格式反应后与三氯化磷进行膦化反应制得。另一种生产方法是采用以苯酚与三氯化磷为原料,经酯化反应后再减压蒸馏得到亚磷酸三苯酯。
具体工艺三苯基膦属于有毒物品,具有一定的毒性。急性口服毒性的LD₅₀值为大鼠700毫克/公斤,小鼠1000毫克/公斤。皮肤刺激数据表明,在24小时内接触500毫克可导致重度刺激;眼睛刺激则表现为轻微反应。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
---|---|---|---|---|
—— | pentaphenylphosphorane | 2588-88-7 | C30H25P | 416.502 |
二苯基甲苯基磷 | diphenyl(p-tolyl)phosphine | 1031-93-2 | C19H17P | 276.318 |
三对苯甲基膦 | P(p-CH3C6H4)3 | 1038-95-5 | C21H21P | 304.371 |
二苯基膦 | diphenylphosphane | 829-85-6 | C12H11P | 186.193 |
三苯基瞵硫 | triphenylphosphine sulfide | 3878-45-3 | C18H15PS | 294.357 |
硒化三苯膦 | Triphenylphosphine selenide | 3878-44-2 | C18H15PSe | 341.251 |
亚甲基三苯基膦烷 | Methylenetriphenylphosphorane | 3487-44-3 | C19H17P | 276.318 |
三苯基氧化膦 | Triphenylphosphine oxide | 791-28-6 | C18H15OP | 278.29 |
(2-溴苯基)二苯基膦 | (2-bromophenyl)diphenylphosphane | 62336-24-7 | C18H14BrP | 341.187 |
三苯基二氯化膦 | dichlorotriphenylphosphorane | 2526-64-9 | C18H15Cl2P | 333.197 |
二溴三苯基膦 | dibromotriphenylphosphorane | 1034-39-5 | C18H15Br2P | 422.099 |
亚乙基三苯基膦 | ethylenetriphenylphosphorane | 1754-88-7 | C20H19P | 290.345 |
三苯基膦二碘化物 | triphenylphosphine diiodide | 6396-07-2 | C18H15I2P | 516.1 |
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
---|---|---|---|---|
—— | trans-[PtIH(PPh3)2] | 82796-26-7 | C36H31IP2Pt | 847.574 |
1,4-亚苯基二(二苯基膦) | 1,4-Bis(diphenylphosphino)benzene | 1179-06-2 | C30H24P2 | 446.468 |
—— | (4-fluorophenyl)diphenylphosphine | 18437-72-4 | C18H14FP | 280.281 |
(4-溴苯基)二苯基磷 | (4-bromophenyl)diphenylphosphane | 734-59-8 | C18H14BrP | 341.187 |
—— | (4-chlorophenyl)diphenylphosphane | 734-60-1 | C18H14ClP | 296.736 |
三对苯甲基膦 | P(p-CH3C6H4)3 | 1038-95-5 | C21H21P | 304.371 |
二苯基甲苯基磷 | diphenyl(p-tolyl)phosphine | 1031-93-2 | C19H17P | 276.318 |
二苯基膦 | diphenylphosphane | 829-85-6 | C12H11P | 186.193 |
膦,2-萘基二苯基- | naphthalen-2-yldiphenylphosphane | 1162-78-3 | C22H17P | 312.351 |
亚氨基-三(苯基)膦烷 | imino(triphenyl)phosphorane | 2240-47-3 | C18H16NP | 277.305 |
三苯基瞵硫 | triphenylphosphine sulfide | 3878-45-3 | C18H15PS | 294.357 |
硒化三苯膦 | Triphenylphosphine selenide | 3878-44-2 | C18H15PSe | 341.251 |
亚甲基三苯基膦烷 | Methylenetriphenylphosphorane | 3487-44-3 | C19H17P | 276.318 |
—— | (4-methoxyphenyl)diphenylphosphane | 896-89-9 | C19H17OP | 292.317 |
—— | (3-chlorophenyl)diphenylphosphine | 23415-66-9 | C18H14ClP | 296.736 |
三苯基氧化膦 | Triphenylphosphine oxide | 791-28-6 | C18H15OP | 278.29 |
—— | 4-(diphenylphosphino)benzonitrile | 5068-16-6 | C19H14NP | 287.301 |
4-二苯膦基苯甲醛 | 4-(diphenylphosphino)benzaldehyde | 5068-18-8 | C19H15OP | 290.301 |
—— | 4,4'-(phenylphosphanediyl)dibenzaldehyde | 731862-19-4 | C20H15O2P | 318.312 |
1,4-双(二苯基膦)联苯 | 4,4'-bis(diphenylphosphino)biphenyl | 4129-44-6 | C36H28P2 | 522.566 |
—— | (3,5-dichlorophenyl)diphenylphosphane | —— | C18H13Cl2P | 331.181 |
—— | (3,5-dimethylphenyl)diphenylphosphane | —— | C20H19P | 290.345 |
—— | Tetraphenylphosphonium chloride | 23497-54-3 | C24H20ClP | 374.85 |
—— | tetraphenylphosphonium bromide | 24038-30-0 | C24H20BrP | 419.301 |
萘-1-基(二苯基)膦 | 1-naphthyl(diphenyl)phosphine | 1162-90-9 | C22H17P | 312.351 |
1,2-双(二苯基膦基)苯 | 1,2-Bis(diphenylphosphino)benzene | 13991-08-7 | C30H24P2 | 446.468 |
(2-溴苯基)二苯基膦 | (2-bromophenyl)diphenylphosphane | 62336-24-7 | C18H14BrP | 341.187 |
—— | anthracen-9-yldiphenylphosphane | 110954-35-3 | C26H19P | 362.411 |
(2-羟基苯基)二苯基膦 | (o-hydroxyphenyl)diphenylphosphine | 60254-10-6 | C18H15OP | 278.29 |
二氟三苯基膦烷 | triphenyldifluorophosphorane | 845-64-7 | C18H15F2P | 300.288 |
—— | (4-tert-butylphenyl)diphenylphosphine | 92568-86-0 | C22H23P | 318.398 |
—— | (2-chlorophenyl)diphenylphosphine | 35035-62-2 | C18H14ClP | 296.736 |
—— | diphenyl(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)phosphine | 13406-28-5 | C19H14F3P | 330.289 |
三苯基二氯化膦 | dichlorotriphenylphosphorane | 2526-64-9 | C18H15Cl2P | 333.197 |
2-(二苯基膦)苯胺 | (2-diphenylphosphino)benzeneamine | 65423-44-1 | C18H16NP | 277.305 |
—— | (4-butylphenyl)diphenylphosphane | 65717-69-3 | C22H23P | 318.398 |
—— | 3-(diphenylphosphino)benzonitrile | 14378-89-3 | C19H14NP | 287.301 |
二溴三苯基膦 | dibromotriphenylphosphorane | 1034-39-5 | C18H15Br2P | 422.099 |
—— | N-methyl-P,P,P-triphenylphosphine imide | 17986-01-5 | C19H18NP | 291.332 |
亚乙基三苯基膦 | ethylenetriphenylphosphorane | 1754-88-7 | C20H19P | 290.345 |
—— | {AgBr(triphenylphosphine)} | 47107-31-3 | C18H15AgBrP | 450.063 |
三苯基膦二碘化物 | triphenylphosphine diiodide | 6396-07-2 | C18H15I2P | 516.1 |
(3-甲氧基苯基)(二苯基)膦 | (3-methoxyphenyl)diphenylphosphine | 13145-84-1 | C19H17OP | 292.317 |