Rapid metabolism of dinoprostone occurs primarily in the local tissues; any systemic absorption of the medication is cleared mainly in the maternal lungs and, secondarily, at sites such as the liver and kidneys.
◉ Summary of Use during Lactation:Dinoprostone (prostaglandin E2) has not been measured in human milk after exogenous administration, but it is a normal component of breastmilk in small amounts where it may help protect the infant's gastrointestinal tract.
Use of vaginal dinoprostone to induce labor appears to have a negative effect on breastfeeding. Given orally in the first few days postpartum, dinoprostone can suppress lactation. Whether postpartum vaginal or endocervical administration suppresses lactation is not known, but it should probably not be used postpartum in mothers who wish to breastfeed. By one month postpartum, the drug appears not to suppress lactation.
◉ Effects in Breastfed Infants:Relevant published information was not found as of the revision date.
◉ Effects on Lactation and Breastmilk:A retrospective cohort study of birth records in Cardiff, Wales, UK found that the use of vaginal prostaglandins for the induction of labor resulted in an 11% decrease in the likelihood that mothers would be breastfeeding at 48 hours postpartum. The subgroup of first-time mothers had a 15% decrease.
A nonrandomized prospective study compared women who had spontaneous deliveries with those who had elective induction using dinoprostone vaginal gel. At hospital discharge, exclusive breastfeeding rates were similar between the two groups (88% and 89%). However, at 1 and 3 months postpartum, exclusive breastfeeding rates were significantly lower in mothers who had dinoprostone induction than in those who delivered spontaneously. Exclusive breastfeeding rates were 54% and 85% at 1 month and 46% and 59% at 3 months postpartum, respectively. Rates of supplemental and exclusive formula feeding were higher in the induced mothers at both time points also.
Dinoprostone has been used investigationally to inhibit postpartum lactation and engorgement by reducing serum prolactin concentrations. The effect on prolactin levels, engorgement and lactation appears to be dose and duration related. Oral dosages of 3 mg daily for 4 days or 0.5 mg three times daily were ineffective, whereas oral dosages of 8 to 12 mg over 24 to 30 hours were effective. These effects seem to be limited to the first few days postpartum; dinoprostone had no effect on serum prolactin or milk production when given to women 30 days postpartum. Compared to oral bromocriptine 2.5 mg every 12 hours for 14 days, dinoprostone 12 mg orally in divided doses over 30 hours was as effective as bromocriptine, but resulted in less rebound breast tenderness.
来源:Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed)
毒理性
蛋白质结合
73%,至白蛋白
73%, to albumin
来源:DrugBank
吸收、分配和排泄
吸收
在阴道系统就位的情况下,以每小时0.3毫克的速率被吸收,持续12小时。
Absorbed at a rate of 0.3 mg per hour over 12 hours while the vaginal system is in place.
来源:DrugBank
吸收、分配和排泄
消除途径
前列腺素E2(PGE2)代谢产物的主要排泄途径是肾脏。
The major route of elimination of the products of PGE2 metabolism is the kidneys.
LACTAM COMPOUNDS AS EP4 RECEPTOR-SELECTIVE AGONISTS FOR USE IN THE TREATMENT OF EP4-MEDIATED DISEASES AND CONDITIONS
申请人:CAYMAN CHEMICAL COMPANY, INC.
公开号:US20160060216A1
公开(公告)日:2016-03-03
Disclosed herein are compounds of formula (I)
wherein L
1
, L
2
, L
3
, L
4
, R
1
, R
4
, R
5
, R
6
, and s are as defined in the specification. Compounds of formula (I) are EP
4
agonists useful in the treatment of glaucoma, osteoporosis, bone fracture, periodontal bone loss, orthopedic implant, alopecia, neuropathic pain, and related disorders. Pharmaceutical compositions and methods of treating conditions or disorders are also described.
披露了公式(I)的化合物
其中L
1
, L
2
, L
3
, L
4
, R
1
, R
4
, R
5
, R
6
,和s如说明书所定义。 公式(I)的化合物是EP
4
激动剂,用于治疗青光眼、骨质疏松症、骨折、牙周骨丢失、矫形植入物、脱发、神经性疼痛和相关的疾病。 还描述了药物组合物和治疗条件或疾病的方法。
[EN] BIOREVERSABLE PROMOIETIES FOR NITROGEN-CONTAINING AND HYDROXYL-CONTAINING DRUGS<br/>[FR] PRO-FRAGMENTS BIORÉVERSIBLES POUR MÉDICAMENTS CONTENANT DE L'AZOTE ET DE L'HYDROXYLE
申请人:BAIKANG SUZHOU CO LTD
公开号:WO2015081891A1
公开(公告)日:2015-06-11
Disclosed are promoieties of the following formula which can be used to form prodrugs of nitrogen-containing or hydroxyl-containing drug or a pharmaceutically active agent: (I) and pharmaceutical compositions comprising the prodrugs.
[EN] FUMAGILLOL COMPOUNDS AND METHODS OF MAKING AND USING SAME<br/>[FR] COMPOSÉS DE FUMAGILLOL, ET LEURS PROCÉDÉS DE FABRICATION ET D'UTILISATION
申请人:ZAFGEN INC
公开号:WO2018031877A1
公开(公告)日:2018-02-15
Disclosed herein, in part, are fumagillol compounds and methods of use in treating medical disorders, such as obesity. Pharmaceutical compositions and methods of making fumagillol compounds are provided. The compounds are contemplated to have activity against methionyl aminopeptidase 2.
METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR DESIGNING AND/OR CHARACTERIZING SOLUBLE LIPIDATED LIGAND AGENTS
申请人:TUFTS MEDICAL CENTER
公开号:US20160052982A1
公开(公告)日:2016-02-25
The present application provides methods for preparing soluble lipidated ligand agents comprising a ligand entity and a lipid entity, and in some embodiments, provides relevant parameters of each of these components, thereby enabling appropriate selection of components to assemble active agents for any given target of interest.
N-phenpropylcuclopentyl-substituted glutaramide derivatives as inhibitors of neutral endopeptidase
申请人:——
公开号:US20030105132A1
公开(公告)日:2003-06-05
The invention relates to compounds of formula (I) for treating for example sexual dysfunction, wherein R
1
is optionally substituted C
1-6
alkyl, optionally substituted carbocyclyl, optionally substituted heterocyclyl, hydrogen, C
1-6
alkoxy, —NR
2
R
3
or —NR
4
SO
2
R
5
; X is the linkage —(CH
2
)
n
— or —(CH
2
)
q
—O— (wherein Y is attached to the oxygen); wherein one or more hydrogen atoms in linkage X may be replaced independently by C
1-4
alkoxy; hydroxy; hydroxy(C
1-3
alkyl); C
3-7
cycloalkyl; carbocyclyl; heterocyclyl; or by C
1-4
alkyl optionally substituted by one or more fluoro or phenyl groups; n is
3, 4, 5, 6
or
7;
and q is
2, 3, 4, 5
or
6;
and Y is phenyl or pyridyl, each of which may be substituted; or two R
8
groups on adjacent carbon atoms together with the interconnecting carbon atoms may form a fused optionally substituted
5
- or
6
-membered carbocyclic or heterocyclyic ring.
1