... Nilotinib is metabolized in the liver via oxidation and hydroxylation pathways, mediated primarily by the cytochrome P450 3A4 isozyme. Interpatient variability in systemic exposure to nilotinib has been reported to range from 32% to 64%. ...
Nilotinib is extensively metabolized by the cytochrome P-450 (CYP) microsomal enzyme system, principally by the isoenzyme 3A4. Nilotinib is the principal circulating component in the serum, and none of the metabolites substantially contribute to the pharmacologic activity of the drug.
Elevations in serum aminotransferase levels are common during nilotinib therapy, occurring in up to 70% of patients, but rising to greater than 5 times the upper limit of normal (ULN) in only 4% to 9% of recipients. These abnormalities are usually asymptomatic. If levels are markedly elevated (ALT or AST persistently greater than 5 times ULN or bilirubin more than 3 times ULN), dose adjustment or temporary discontinuation and restarting at a lower dose is recommended. In high doses, nilotinib is also associated with elevations in serum bilirubin, but these are largely in the indirect (unconjugated) fraction and are not associated with serum enzyme elevations or symptoms, resolving with dose adjustment or discontinuation. The majority of patients with marked bilirubin elevations on nilotinib therapy have underlying Gilbert Syndrome. There has been only a single published case report of clinically apparent liver injury attributed to nilotinib, but it has been used in a restricted population of patients for a relatively short period of time. The latency to onset was 2 months and the pattern of injury was hepatocellular initially, but evolved into a severe and prolonged cholestatic hepatitis. The product label does mention hepatitis and jaundice as reported adverse events. Severe tumor lysis syndrome with multiorgan including hepatic failure can occur with nilotinib but is rare. In addition, most other tyrosine kinase receptor inhibitors have been linked to rare instances of clinically apparent liver injury, usually arising after 1 to 8 weeks of treatment and presenting with a hepatocellular or mixed pattern of serum enzyme elevations. Immunoallergic and autoimmune features are uncommon. The liver injury can be severe and lead to acute liver failure. Routine monthly monitoring of liver tests during therapy with tyrosine kinase receptor inhibitors is recommended.
Steady-state nilotinib exposure was dose-dependent with less than dose-proportional increases in systemic exposure at dose levels higher than 400 mg given as once daily dosing. Daily serum exposure to nilotinib following 400 mg twice daily dosing at steady state was 35% higher than with 800 mg once daily dosing. Steady state exposure (AUC) of nilotinib with 400 mg twice daily dosing was 13% higher than with 300 mg twice daily dosing. The average steady state nilotinib trough and peak concentrations did not change over 12 months. There was no relevant increase in exposure to nilotinib when the dose was increased with 400 mg twice daily to 600 mg twice daily.
Inter-patient variability in nilotinib AUC was 32% to 64%. Steady state conditions were achieved by Day 8. An increase in serum exposure to nilotinib between the first dose and steady state was approximately 2-fold for daily dosing and 3.8-fold for twice-daily dosing.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
吸收、分配和排泄
尼洛替尼的血液至血清比率为0.68。基于体外实验，血清蛋白结合率大约为98%。
The blood-to-serum ratio of nilotinib is 0.68. Serum protein binding is approximately 98% on the basis of in vitro experiments.
[EN] SYNTHESIS OF 6-METHYL-N1-(4-(PYRIDIN-3-YL)PYRIMIDIN-2-YL)BENZENE-1,3-DIAMINE [FR] SYNTHÈSE DE 6-MÉTHYL-N1-(4-(PYRIDIN-3-YL)PYRIMIDIN-2-YL)BENZÈNE-1,3-DIAMINE
摘要：
用于合成酪氨酸激酶抑制剂 Formula (II) 尼洛替尼和 Formula (IV) 伊马替尼的过程和有用中间体。描述了关键中间体、其合成方法以及它们在分散合成中的使用，利用库尔修斯重排法制备尼洛替尼和伊马替尼。
[EN] ACC INHIBITORS AND USES THEREOF<br/>[FR] INHIBITEURS DE L'ACC ET UTILISATIONS ASSOCIÉES
申请人：GILEAD APOLLO LLC
公开号：WO2017075056A1
公开（公告）日：2017-05-04
The present invention provides compounds I and II useful as inhibitors of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase (ACC), compositions thereof, and methods of using the same.
DISUBSTITUTED TRIFLUOROMETHYL PYRIMIDINONES AND THEIR USE
申请人：BAYER PHARMA AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT
公开号：US20160221965A1
公开（公告）日：2016-08-04
The present application relates to novel 2,5-disubstituted 6-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-4(3H)-one derivatives, to processes for their preparation, to their use alone or in combinations for the treatment and/or prevention of diseases, and to their use for preparing medicaments for the treatment and/or prevention of diseases, in particular for treatment and/or prevention of cardiovascular, renal, inflammatory and fibrotic diseases.
[EN] 2-QUINOLONE DERIVED INHIBITORS OF BCL6<br/>[FR] INHIBITEURS DE BCL6 DÉRIVÉS DE 2-QUINOLONE
申请人：CANCER RESEARCH TECH LTD
公开号：WO2018215798A1
公开（公告）日：2018-11-29
The present invention relates to compounds of formula I that function as inhibitors of BCL6(B- cell lymphoma 6) activity: Formula I wherein X1, X2, X3, R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 are each as defined herein. The present invention also relates to processes for the preparation of these compounds, to pharmaceutical compositions comprising them, and to their use in the treatment of proliferative disorders, such as cancer,as well as other diseases or conditions in which BCL6 activity is implicated.
[EN] DIHYDROPYRROLONAPHTYRIDINONE COMPOUNDS AS INHIBITORS OF JAK<br/>[FR] COMPOSÉS DE DIHYDROPYRROLONAPHTYRIDINONE COMME INHIBITEURS DE JAK
申请人：TAKEDA PHARMACEUTICAL
公开号：WO2010144486A1
公开（公告）日：2010-12-16
Disclosed are JAK inhibitors of formula (I) where G1, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, and R7 are defined in the specification. Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions, kits and articles of manufacture which contain the compounds, methods and materials for making the compounds, and methods of using the compounds to treat diseases, disorders, and conditions involving the immune system and inflammation, including rheumatoid arthritis, hematological malignancies, epithelial cancers (i.e., carcinomas), and other diseases, disorders or conditions associated with JAK.
SULFONAMIDE, SULFAMATE, AND SULFAMOTHIOATE DERIVATIVES
申请人：Wang Zhong
公开号：US20120077814A1
公开（公告）日：2012-03-29
The disclosure provides biologically active compounds of formula (I):
and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, compositions containing these compounds, and methods of using these compounds in a variety applications, such as treatment of diseases or disorders associated with E1 type activating enzymes, and with Nedd8 activating enzyme (NAE) in particular.
