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氟达拉滨 | 21679-14-1

中文名称
氟达拉滨
中文别名
氟达那苷;氟达那甙;氟达拉宾;9-beta-D-呋喃阿糖基-2-氟-9H-嘌呤-6-胺;氟达拉宾碱;氟达拉滨碱;氟达拉滨碱(Base)
英文名称
Fludarabine
英文别名
(2R,3S,4S,5R)-2-(6-amino-2-fluoropurin-9-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolane-3,4-diol
氟达拉滨化学式
CAS
21679-14-1
化学式
C10H12FN5O4
mdl
MFCD00132942
分子量
285.235
InChiKey
HBUBKKRHXORPQB-FJFJXFQQSA-N
BEILSTEIN
——
EINECS
——
  • 物化性质
  • 计算性质
  • ADMET
  • 安全信息
  • SDS
  • 制备方法与用途
  • 上下游信息
  • 反应信息
  • 文献信息
  • 表征谱图
  • 同类化合物
  • 相关功能分类
  • 相关结构分类

物化性质

  • 熔点:
    265-268°C
  • 比旋光度:
    D25 +17 ±2.5° (c = 0.1 in ethanol)
  • 沸点:
    747.3±70.0 °C(Predicted)
  • 密度:
    2.17±0.1 g/cm3(Predicted)
  • 溶解度:
    DMF:20 mg/mL,清澈,淡黄色
  • 颜色/状态:
    Crystals

计算性质

  • 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP):
    -0.6
  • 重原子数:
    20
  • 可旋转键数:
    2
  • 环数:
    3.0
  • sp3杂化的碳原子比例:
    0.5
  • 拓扑面积:
    140
  • 氢给体数:
    4
  • 氢受体数:
    9

ADMET

毒理性
  • 肝毒性
在临床试验中,仅有小部分使用氟达拉滨治疗白血病的患者出现了血清酶升高的情况。从这些研究中,氟达拉滨与其他用于白血病治疗方案的抗肿瘤药物相比,其作用并不总是明确的。已经报道了因氟达拉滨导致临床上明显的肝损伤的病例,但详细信息很少,且大多数患者还在接受其他癌症化疗药物。 氟达拉滨具有免疫抑制作用,能降低总白细胞计数,特别是淋巴细胞计数和CD8 T细胞。因此,氟达拉滨治疗与慢性乙型肝炎的再激活案例有关,包括在一个化疗前已经解决了乙型肝炎的患者中,出现HBsAg的发展和活动性疾病的情况,表现为存在抗-HBc但无HBsAg。再激活通常发生在3到6个疗程的抗癌药物之后,大多数在完成化疗后2到4个月。氟达拉滨治疗后再激活的频率和严重性使得建议在治疗前对患者进行HBsAg和抗-HBc的筛查,并使用对HBV具有强效活性的口服核苷类似物,如拉米夫定、替诺福韦或恩替卡韦进行预防性抗病毒治疗。如果没有使用预防措施,则需要仔细监测并及时进行抗病毒治疗。氟达拉滨还与机会性感染的发展有关,包括肝的疱疹病毒和腺病毒感染。 可能性评分:E*(尚未证实但怀疑是临床上明显肝损伤的原因)。
In clinical trials, serum enzymes elevations occurred in only a small proportion of patients treated with fludarabine for leukemia. The role of fludarabine as opposed to other antineoplastics used in antileukemic regimens was not always clear from these studies. Cases of clinically apparent liver injury due to fludarabine have been reported to occur, but few details were available and most patients were receiving other cancer chemotherapeutic agents. Fludarabine is immunosuppressive and decreases total white blood cell counts and specifically lymphocyte counts and CD8 T cells. As a consequence, fludarabine therapy has been linked to cases of reactivation of chronic hepatitis B, including instances of reverse seroconversion marked by development of HBsAg and active disease in a patient who had resolved hepatitis B before chemotherapy, as shown by presence of anti-HBc without HBsAg. Reactivation typically occurs after 3 to 6 courses of anticancer mediations and most commonly 2 to 4 months after completing chemotherapy. The frequency and severity of reactivation after fludarabine therapy has led to recommendations that patients be screened for HBsAg and anti-HBc before treatment, and give prophylaxis with antiviral therapy using an oral nucleoside with potent activity against HBV, such as lamivudine, tenofovir or entecavir. If prophylaxis is not used, careful monitoring and early institution of antiviral therapy is warranted. Fludarabine has also been associated with development of opportunistic infections including herpes virus and adenovirus infection of the liver. Likelihood score: E* (Unproven but suspected cause of clinically apparent liver injury).
来源:LiverTox
毒理性
  • 药物性肝损伤
化合物:氟达拉滨
Compound:fludarabine
来源:Drug Induced Liver Injury Rank (DILIrank) Dataset
毒理性
  • 药物性肝损伤
DILI 注解:无 DILI(药物性肝损伤)担忧
DILI Annotation:No-DILI-Concern
来源:Drug Induced Liver Injury Rank (DILIrank) Dataset
毒理性
  • 药物性肝损伤
标签部分:没有匹配项
Label Section:No match
来源:Drug Induced Liver Injury Rank (DILIrank) Dataset
毒理性
  • 药物性肝损伤
参考文献:M Chen, V Vijay, Q Shi, Z Liu, H Fang, W Tong. 用于研究药物诱导肝损伤的FDA批准药物标签,药物发现今天,16(15-16):697-703, 2011. PMID:21624500 DOI:10.1016/j.drudis.2011.05.007 M Chen, A Suzuki, S Thakkar, K Yu, C Hu, W Tong. DILIrank:按在人类中发展药物诱导肝损伤风险排名的最大参考药物清单。药物发现今天2016, 21(4): 648-653. PMID:26948801 DOI:10.1016/j.drudis.2016.02.015
References:M Chen, V Vijay, Q Shi, Z Liu, H Fang, W Tong. FDA-Approved Drug Labeling for the Study of Drug-Induced Liver Injury, Drug Discovery Today, 16(15-16):697-703, 2011. PMID:21624500 DOI:10.1016/j.drudis.2011.05.007 M Chen, A Suzuki, S Thakkar, K Yu, C Hu, W Tong. DILIrank: the largest reference drug list ranked by the risk for developing drug-induced liver injury in humans. Drug Discov Today 2016, 21(4): 648-653. PMID:26948801 DOI:10.1016/j.drudis.2016.02.015
来源:Drug Induced Liver Injury Rank (DILIrank) Dataset
吸收、分配和排泄
  • 吸收
口服给药后的生物利用度为55%。
Bioavailability is 55% following oral administration.
来源:DrugBank
吸收、分配和排泄
  • 清除
117-145毫升/分钟 [接受静脉注射单次剂量40毫克/平方米的B细胞 CLL患者]。
117-145 mL/min [patients with B-cell CLL receiving IV administration of a single dose of 40 mg/m^2.
来源:DrugBank
吸收、分配和排泄
比较系统性红斑狼疮肾炎患者中皮下注射和静脉注射氟达拉滨的药代动力学。进行了一项I-II期临床试验的开放式、随机交叉试验。在政府研究医院进行。选取5名系统性红斑狼疮肾炎患者。给予氟达拉滨30 mg/m2/天,通过皮下注射或0.5小时的静脉输注连续3天。所有患者在每个周期的第一天接受口服环磷酰胺0.5 g/m2。在首次给药前和给药后0.5、1、1.5、2、4、8和24小时采集血浆样本。在24小时内,每6小时收集一次尿液。使用高效液相色谱法分析血浆和尿液中的氟代阿拉伯糖腺苷(F-ara-A),即氟达拉滨的主要代谢物。使用室技术确定F-ara-A的药代动力学;线性两室模型最能描述它们。通过使用Wilcoxon符号秩和检验比较皮下和静脉给药的药代动力学。在0.51(0.38-0.56)和0.75(0.52-0.91)mg/L的中位数(四分位数范围)最大浓度之间,或0-24小时浓度-时间曲线下面积拟合值4.65(4.17-4.98)和4.55(3.5-4.94)mg·小时/L之间,皮下和静脉给药之间没有显著差异。皮下给药后F-ara-A的生物利用度大约是静脉给药的105%。皮下和静脉给药的肾清除率和剂量排泄百分比差异不显著。皮下给药没有观察到注射部位反应。在系统性红斑狼疮肾炎患者中,皮下和静脉给药的氟达拉滨药代动力学似乎相似。皮下注射可能为静脉给药提供一种方便的替代方法。
... To compare the pharmacokinetics of sc & iv fludarabine in patients with lupus nephritis. ... Open-label, randomized, crossover trial conducted with a phase I-II trial. ... Government research hospital. ... Five patients with lupus nephritis. ... Fludarabine 30 mg/m2/day was administered either sc or as a 0.5-hr iv infusion for 3 consecutive days. All patients received oral cyclophosphamide 0.5 g/m2 on the first day of each cycle. ... Plasma samples were collected before & 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 4, 8, & 24 hrs after the first dose. Urine was collected at 6-hr intervals for 24 hrs. Plasma & urine were analyzed for fluoro-arabinofuranosyladenine (F-ara-A), fludarabine's main metabolite, using high-performance liquid chromatography. Compartmental techniques were used to determine the pharmacokinetics of F-ara-A; a linear two-compartment model best described them. Comparison of the pharmacokinetics between sc & iv admin was done by using a Wilcoxon signed rank test. No significant differences were found between sc & iv admin in median (interquartile range) maximum concns of 0.51 (0.38-0.56) & 0.75 (0.52-0.91) mg/L, respectively, or in fitted area under the concn-time curves from 0-24 hrs of 4.65 (4.17-4.98) & 4.55 (3.5-4.94) mg x hr/L, respectively. Bioavailability of F-ara-A after sc dosing was approx 105% of the bioavailability after iv admin. Differences in renal clearance & % of dose excreted in urine for sc & iv admin were nonsignificant. No injection site reactions were seen with subcutaneous dosing. ... Sc & iv admin of fludarabine appear to have similar pharmacokinetics in patients with lupus nephritis. Sc injection may offer a convenient alternative to iv admin.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

安全信息

  • 危险品标志:
    Xn
  • 安全说明:
    S26,S36/37,S45
  • 危险类别码:
    R23/24/25,R36/37/38,R39
  • WGK Germany:
    3
  • 海关编码:
    29349990
  • 危险品运输编号:
    NONH for all modes of transport
  • 危险性防范说明:
    P280,P305+P351+P338,P310
  • 危险性描述:
    H302,H315,H319,H332,H335

SDS

SDS:47613b2995d0ec85ea9b29001c8bde7c
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制备方法与用途

从这段详细的信息中,我们可以总结出关于磷酸氟达拉滨(英文名Fiudarabine)的以下关键点:

  1. 化学性质:

    • 熔点260℃
    • 难溶于水和有机溶剂
    • 光学活性: [α]D23+17°±2.5°
    • 紫外吸收峰在262nm
  2. 生产方法: 涉及多个步骤,包括环合、酰化、糖基化反应等最终得到目标化合物。

  3. 作用机制: 进入细胞后转化为活性代谢物,抑制DNA合成。

  4. 主要用途: 治疗慢性淋巴细胞性白血病(CLL)。

  5. 药理特点:

    • 对骨髓有明显抑制作用
    • 可引起严重骨髓功能障碍、贫血等不良反应
    • 用药期间应定期检查血象
  6. 注意事项: 孕妇禁用,哺乳期妇女慎用;可能影响驾驶和操作机械的能力。

  7. 特殊人群使用限制: 老年人和儿童数据有限需谨慎;肾功能受损患者要减量或禁忌。

  8. 环境安全: 医务人员接触时应注意防护措施。

总之,磷酸氟达拉滨是一种具有特定作用机制的抗肿瘤药物,但其使用需要严格遵循医嘱并注意监测不良反应。

上下游信息

  • 上游原料
    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 分子量
  • 下游产品
    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 分子量

反应信息

  • 作为反应物:
    描述:
    氟达拉滨磷酸三乙酯三氯氧磷 作用下, 以90%的产率得到磷酸氟达拉滨
    参考文献:
    名称:
    一种磷酸氟达拉滨的合成方法
    摘要:
    本发明提供了一种磷酸氟达拉滨的合成方法,合成路线如下:该方法以阿糖腺苷为起始原料,通过上保护、硝化、氟代脱硝、脱保护得到氟达拉滨,采取全新的合成路线制备得到氟达拉滨;同时通过对氟达拉滨磷酸化和精制的工艺改进,缩短反应时间,减少副产物生成,提高产品质量。本发明具有以下几个优点:1、起始原料为β构型,避免了异构体分离,提高了收率。2、原料易得、路线简单、价格低廉。3、无需成盐、过柱纯化分离,适合工业化。
    公开号:
    CN111499675B
  • 作为产物:
    描述:
    鸟苷吡啶乙酸酐 、 potassium fluoride 、 三乙胺 作用下, 以 N,N-二甲基甲酰胺 为溶剂, 反应 26.0h, 生成 氟达拉滨
    参考文献:
    名称:
    氟达拉滨碱的合成工艺
    摘要:
    一种氟达拉滨碱的合成工艺,通过原料选取、中间体的合成、氟达拉滨碱的合成的步骤进行的。本发明有益的效果是:原料来源广泛,原料成本低,适合于大批量生产,合成步骤简单,能够减少合成过程中有害物质的排放,安全环保,使用效果好,利于推广。
    公开号:
    CN108640960A
  • 作为试剂:
    描述:
    2-fluoro-9-(2,3,5-tri-o-benzyl-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl)adenine 、 、 氯化铵 、 9-β-D-Arabinopyranosyl-adenin 、 、 在 Na 、 氮气乙醚氟达拉滨 作用下, 以 chloroform methanol 为溶剂, 以produce (479 mg), which的产率得到氟达拉滨
    参考文献:
    名称:
    Anticancer and antiviral activity of
    摘要:
    一种利用9-β-D-阿拉伯呋喃糖基-2-氟腺嘌呤(2-F-AraA,NSC 118218)治疗小鼠白血病和作为DNA病毒的抗病毒剂的方法,如DNA病毒单纯疱疹病毒I型和在H.Ep-2细胞培养中生长的天花病毒。可操作的2-F-AraA用量为1-10天的治疗期,每天2-8次,每次8-400毫克/千克/剂量。进一步发现,在10天的治疗计划中,第1、5和9天的单剂量可获得满意的结果。
    公开号:
    US04188378A1
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文献信息

  • [EN] ACC INHIBITORS AND USES THEREOF<br/>[FR] INHIBITEURS DE L'ACC ET UTILISATIONS ASSOCIÉES
    申请人:GILEAD APOLLO LLC
    公开号:WO2017075056A1
    公开(公告)日:2017-05-04
    The present invention provides compounds I and II useful as inhibitors of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase (ACC), compositions thereof, and methods of using the same.
    本发明提供了化合物I和II,这些化合物可用作乙酰辅酶A羧化酶(ACC)的抑制剂,以及它们的组合物和使用方法。
  • [EN] COMPOUNDS AND COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING CDK INHIBITORS AND METHODS FOR THE TREATMENT OF CANCER<br/>[FR] COMPOSÉS ET COMPOSITIONS COMPRENANT DES INHIBITEURS DES CDK ET MÉTHODES DE TRAITEMENT DU CANCER
    申请人:UNIV GEORGIA STATE RES FOUND
    公开号:WO2010129858A1
    公开(公告)日:2010-11-11
    Disclosed herein are compounds suitable for use as antitumor agents, methods for treating cancer wherein the disclosed compounds are used in making a medicament for the treatment of cancer, methods for treating a tumor comprising, administering to a subject a composition comprising one or more of the disclosed cytotoxic agents, and methods for preparing the disclosed antitumor agents.
    本文披露了适用作抗肿瘤药剂的化合物,用于治疗癌症的方法,其中所披露的化合物用于制备治疗癌症的药物,治疗肿瘤的方法包括向受试者施用包含一种或多种所披露的细胞毒性药剂的组合物,以及制备所披露的抗肿瘤药剂的方法。
  • Cobalamin conjugates for anti-tumor therapy
    申请人:Weinshenker M. Ned
    公开号:US20050054607A1
    公开(公告)日:2005-03-10
    The present invention provides a cobalamin-drug conjugate suitable for the treatment of tumor related diseases. Cobalamin is indirectly covalently bound to an anti-tumor drug via a cleavable linker and one or more optional spacers. Cobalamin is covalently bound to a first spacer or the cleavable linker via the 5′-OH of the cobalamin ribose ring. The drug is bound to a second spacer of the cleavable linker via an existing or added functional group on the drug. After administration, the conjugate forms a complex with transcobalamin (any of its isoforms). The complex then binds to a receptor on a cell membrane and is taken up into the cell. Once in the cell, an intracellular enzyme cleaves the conjugate thereby releasing the drug. Depending upon the structure of the conjugate, a particular class or type of intracellular enzyme affects the cleavage. Due to the high demand for cobalamin in growing cells, tumor cells typically take up a higher percentage of the conjugate than do normal non-growing cells. The conjugate of the invention advantageously provides a reduced systemic toxicity and enhanced efficacy as compared to a corresponding free drug.
    本发明提供了一种适用于治疗肿瘤相关疾病的钴胺素-药物结合物。钴胺素通过可切割的连接剂间接共价结合到抗肿瘤药物上,还可以通过一个或多个可选的间隔物。钴胺素通过其核糖环的5'-OH与第一间隔物或可切割连接剂共价结合。药物通过其现有或添加的功能基团与可切割连接剂的第二间隔物结合。在给药后,结合物与转钴胺素(其任何同工异构体)形成复合物。然后,该复合物结合到细胞膜上的受体并被细胞摄取。一旦进入细胞,细胞内酶将切割结合物,从而释放药物。根据结合物的结构,特定类别或类型的细胞内酶影响切割。由于生长细胞对钴胺素的需求量较高,肿瘤细胞通常摄取结合物的比例高于正常非生长细胞。本发明的结合物与相应的游离药物相比,具有较低的全身毒性和增强的疗效。
  • [EN] INHIBITORS OF BRUTON'S TYROSINE KINASE<br/>[FR] INHIBITEURS DE TYROSINE KINASE DE BRUTON
    申请人:BIOCAD JOINT STOCK CO
    公开号:WO2018092047A1
    公开(公告)日:2018-05-24
    The present invention relates to a new compound of formula I: or pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate or stereoisomer thereof, wherein: V1 is C or N, V2 is C(R2) or N, whereby if V1 is C then V2 is N, if V1 is C then V2 is C(R2), or if V1 is N then V2 is C(R2); each n, k is independently 0, 1; each R2, R11 is independently H, D, Hal, CN, NR'R", C(O)NR'R", C1-C6 alkoxy; R3 is H, D, hydroxy, C(O)C1-C6 alkyl, C(O)C2-C6 alkenyl, C(O)C2-C6 alkynyl, C1-C6 alkyl; R4 is H, Hal, CN, CONR'R", hydroxy, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy; L is CH2, NH, O or chemical bond; R1 is selected from the group of the fragments, comprising: Fragment 1, Fragment 2, Fragment 3 each A1, A2, A3, A4 is independently CH, N, CHal; each A5, A6, A7, A8, A9 is independently C, CH or N; R5 is H, CN, Hal, CONR'R", C1-C6 alkyl, non-substituted or substituted by one or more halogens; each R' and R" is independently selected from the group, comprising H, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 cycloalkyl, aryl; R6 is selected from the group: [formula II] each R7, R8, R9, R10 is independently vinyl, methylacetylenyl; Hal is CI, Br, I, F, which have properties of inhibitor of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (Btk), to pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds, and their use as pharmaceuticals for treatment of diseases and disorder.
    本发明涉及一种新的化合物,其化学式为I:或其药学上可接受的盐、溶剂化合物或立体异构体,其中:V1为C或N,V2为C(R2)或N,如果V1为C,则V2为N,如果V1为C,则V2为C(R2),或者如果V1为N,则V2为C(R2);每个n,k独立地为0或1;每个R2,R11独立地为H,D,Hal,CN,NR'R",C(O)NR'R",C1-C6烷氧基;R3为H,D,羟基,C(O)C1-C6烷基,C(O)C2-C6烯基,C(O)C2-C6炔基,C1-C6烷基;R4为H,Hal,CN,CONR'R",羟基,C1-C6烷基,C1-C6烷氧基;L为CH2,NH,O或化学键;R1从包括的片段组中选择:片段1,片段2,片段3,每个A1,A2,A3,A4独立地为CH,N,CHal;每个A5,A6,A7,A8,A9独立地为C,CH或N;R5为H,CN,Hal,CONR'R",C1-C6烷基,未取代或被一个或多个卤素取代;每个R'和R"独立地从包括H,C1-C6烷基,C1-C6环烷基,芳基的组中选择;R6从组中选择:[化学式II]每个R7,R8,R9,R10独立地为乙烯基,甲基乙炔基;Hal为CI,Br,I,F,具有布鲁顿酪氨酸激酶(Btk)抑制剂的性质,以及含有这种化合物的药物组合物,以及它们作为治疗疾病和紊乱的药物的用途。
  • [EN] DIHYDROPYRROLONAPHTYRIDINONE COMPOUNDS AS INHIBITORS OF JAK<br/>[FR] COMPOSÉS DE DIHYDROPYRROLONAPHTYRIDINONE COMME INHIBITEURS DE JAK
    申请人:TAKEDA PHARMACEUTICAL
    公开号:WO2010144486A1
    公开(公告)日:2010-12-16
    Disclosed are JAK inhibitors of formula (I) where G1, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, and R7 are defined in the specification. Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions, kits and articles of manufacture which contain the compounds, methods and materials for making the compounds, and methods of using the compounds to treat diseases, disorders, and conditions involving the immune system and inflammation, including rheumatoid arthritis, hematological malignancies, epithelial cancers (i.e., carcinomas), and other diseases, disorders or conditions associated with JAK.
    揭示了式(I)的JAK抑制剂,其中G1、R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6和R7在规范中定义。还披露了含有这些化合物的药物组合物、试剂盒和制造物品,制备这些化合物的方法和材料,以及使用这些化合物治疗涉及免疫系统和炎症的疾病、紊乱和症状的方法,包括类风湿关节炎、血液恶性肿瘤、上皮癌(即癌症)和其他与JAK相关的疾病、紊乱或症状。
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