Discovery of quinone-directed antitumor agents selectively bioactivated by NQO1 over CPR with improved safety profile
摘要:
In this work, we mainly focused on discovering compounds with good selectivity for NQO1 over CPR. The NQO1-mediated two-electron reduction of compounds would kill cancer cells selectively, while CPR-mediated one-electron reduction would induce potential hepatotoxicity. Several novel quinone-directed antitumor agents were discovered as specific NQO1 substrates through structure-activity relationship studies. Among them, compound 3,7,8-trimethylnaphtho[1,2-b] furan-4,5-dione (12b) emerged as the most specific substrate of the two-electron oxidoreductase NQO1 and could hardly be reduced by CPR. It afforded the highest selectivity between NQO1/CPR (selectivity ratio = 6.37), much higher than the control beta-lapachone (selectivity ratio = 1.36), indicated 12b may possess superior safety profile. The electrochemical studies provided a reasonable explanation to the good selectivity toward NQO1. Molecular docking studies supported that 12b was capable of forming additional C-H... pi interactions with Trp105 and Phe178 residues compared to the control beta-lap. In addition, compound 12b was shown to kill cancer cells efficiently both in vitro and in vivo model. This work gave us a promising and novel scaffold for further investigation. (C) 2017 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
Rhinacanthone (1) and two 1,2-pyranonaphthoquinones (2,3) were synthesized and found to show very potent cytotoxicity against three cancer cell lines (KB, HeLa and HepG(2)) with IC(50) values of 0.92-9.63 microM, whereas the corresponding hydroxylated derivative 4 had reduced cytotoxicity (IC(50) values of 7.61-24.13 microM). Three 1,2-furanonaphthoquinone derivatives (5-7) were also synthesized with
Non-Catalyzed Thermal Reactions of Acylquinones with Allylstannanes
作者:Kazuhiro Maruyama、Yoshihiro Matano
DOI:10.1246/bcsj.62.3877
日期:1989.12
Thermal reactions of acylquinones with allylstannanes in benzene afforded several kinds of product after column chromatography on silica gel; acyl allyl quinones, acyl allyl epoxy quinones, cyclopentanoid compounds including stannyl moiety, allyl hydroxy quinones, acyl hydroquinones, and acyl allyl hydroquinones. The main product comprises cyclopentanoid compounds, which are novel [2+3] cyclo adducts with 1,2-migration of trialkylstannyl moiety. Spectroscopic examinations (1H NMR and Vis-UV) enabled us to confirm the reaction pathways that four types of precursors were initially generated via polarized tight pair and inverted to isolated products during purification by column chromatography. Similar reactions in acetonitrile showed a remarkable difference in the reactivity, that is, acyl allyl quinones and the corresponding hydroquinones are obtained, but the [2+3] cyclo adducts are not produced at all. From 1H NMR examination, it was confirmed that three types of precursor are generated via solvent separated ion pairs at the initial stage. The rather strong reactivity of acylquinones towards allylstannanes will be due to electron withdrawing ability of acyl group.
The Pd(PPh3)4-catalyzed reaction of 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (lawsone) with allyl alcohols and allyl esters offers an easy access to 3-allyl-2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinones, compounds with interesting biological activity. The reaction finds application in the preparation of lapachol. Other 2-hydroxy-1,4-benzoquinones give allylation products in low yields.
Natural product (+/-)-dunnione (2) and its ortho-quinone analogues (3-8) were synthesized and found to be substrates for NQO1. The structure-activity relationship study revealed that the biological activity was favored by the presence of methyl group at the C ring and methoxy group at the A ring. The docking studies supported the rationalization of the metabolic studies. Deeper location in the active site of NQO1, interactions with hydrophobic pocket and C-H center dot center dot center dot pi interactions with the adjacent Phe178 residue contributed to the better catalytic efficiency and specificity to NQO1. Cytotoxicity studies and determination of superoxide (O-2(center dot)) production in the presence and absence of the NOQ1 inhibitor dicoumarol confirmed that the ortho-quinones exerted their antitumor activity through NQO1-mediated ROS production by redox cycling. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.