Convenient Formation of 4-Hydroxyalk-2-en-1-one Functionality via A Knoevenagel-type Carbon Chain Elongation Reaction of Aldehyde with 1-Arylsulfinylalkan-2-one
摘要:
A highly functionalized four-carbon unit, 4-hydroxyalk-2-en-1-one functionality [(RCH)-C-2(OH)CH=CHCOR1], was conveniently prepared by a reaction of an aldehyde ((RCH2CHO)-C-2) with a 1-(arylsulfinyl)alkan-2-one [ArS(O)CH2COR1] in the presence of diethylamine (Knoevenagel condition). Other functional groups, such as carbonyl and hydroxy groups, in both of the alkyl chains (R-1, R-2) did not prevent this reaction. This reaction was used to conveniently prepare (+/-)-(11E)-13-hydroxy-10-oxooctadec-11-enoic acid (14), having cytotoxic activity, and its analogues from undec-10-enoic acid in good yield.
(11E)-13-Hydroxy-10-oxooctadec-11-enoic acid 1 is conveniently synthesized via a Knoevenagel-type reaction of isopropyl 11-phenylsulfinyl-10-oxoundecanoate 2a (itself easily derived from undec-10-enoic acid) with heptanal to form the γ-hydroxyenone functionality together with carbon chain elongation.
Alkyltitanium alkoxides generally serve as nucleophiles in reactions with carbonyl compounds and cross-coupling. Their application as reductants is known but remains underdeveloped. Here, we report that irradiation with visible light makes these organometallic compounds efficient reducing agents for the dehalogenation of 1,2- and 1,3-haloalcohols. This reaction was utilized for the reduction of epoxides
Synthesis, Characterization, and Evaluation of 10-Undecenoic Acid-Based Epithio Derivatives as Multifunctional Additives
作者:Gorla Geethanjali、Korlipara V. Padmaja、Arukali Sammaiah、Rachapudi B. N. Prasad
DOI:10.1021/jf5033558
日期:2014.11.26
Novel epithio compounds from alkyl epoxy undecanoates (n-alkyl, C-1, C-4, and C-6; isoalkyl, C-3, C-4, and C-8) were synthesized using an ammonium thiocyanate in ionic liquid 1-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate/H2O (2:1) solvent system in 8590% yields by gas chromatographic (GC) analysis. The synthesized products were characterized by H-1 and C-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), gas chromatography, and GC mass spectral (GC-MS) analyses and evaluated for their antioxidant, extreme pressure (EP), and antiwear (AW) properties in three different base oils, namely, epoxy jatropha fatty acid n-butyl esters (EJB), di-2-ethylhexyl sebacate (DOS), and mineral oil (S-105). Among the synthesized products, n-butyl epithio undecanoate exhibited superior antioxidant property (229.2 degrees C) compared to butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT, 193.8 degrees C) in base oil DOS and comparable performance in EJB and S-105 base oils. All of the epithio derivatives exhibited significantly enhanced weld point for the base oils EJB and DOS at 2 wt % level and displayed moderate enhancement in S-105 base oil. Methyl epithio undecanoate at 0.6% concentration exhibited considerable improvement in the wear scar of DOS base oil. The synthesized epithio derivatives have potential as multifunctional additives in lubricant formulations.
Glushko; Petukhova; Klebanskii, Russian Journal of Organic Chemistry, 1997, vol. 33, # 10, p. 1447 - 1451