(all-E)-(3R)-3-hydroxy-12'-apo-β-caroten-12'-al | 62742-02-3

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 脂质和类脂质分子 - 异戊烯醇脂质
• 英文名称: (all-E)-(3R)-3-hydroxy-12'-apo-β-caroten-12'-al
• 英文别名: (all-E,3R)-3-hydroxy-12'-apo-β-carotin-12'-al；(3R)-3-Hydroxy-12'-apo-β-carotin-12'-al；3-hydroxy-β-12'-apocarotenal；β-apo-12'-zeaxanthinal；all-E-apo-12'-zeaxanthinal；3-hydroxy-12’-β-apocarotenal；(3R)-3-hydroxy-12'-apo-beta-carotenal；(2E,4E,6E,8E,10E,12E)-13-[(4R)-4-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylcyclohexen-1-yl]-2,7,11-trimethyltrideca-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaenal
• CAS: 62742-02-3
• 化学式: C₂₅H₃₄O₂
• 分子量: 366.544
• InChiKey: PAUIQDPAEDELMC-HEZGKBSMSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  6.2
• 重原子数：
  27
• 可旋转键数：
  7
• 环数：
  1.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.4
• 拓扑面积：
  37.3
• 氢给体数：
  1
• 氢受体数：
  2

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  (all-E)-(3R)-3-hydroxy-12'-apo-β-caroten-12'-al 在 sodium tetrahydroborate 作用下， 以 乙醇 为溶剂， 反应 2.0h， 生成 (all-E)-(3R)-3-hydroxy-12'-apo-β-caroten-12'-ol
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Haugan, Jarle Andre; Liaaen-Jensen, Synnoeve, Acta Chemica Scandinavica, 1994, vol. 48, # 11, p. 899 - 904

  摘要：

  DOI：
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  2,7-二甲基-2,4,6-辛三烯二醛 在 盐酸 、 硫酸 、 sodium methylate 、 对甲苯磺酸 、 原甲酸三乙酯 作用下， 以 四氢呋喃 、 甲醇 、 二氯甲烷 为溶剂， 反应 17.53h， 生成 (all-E)-(3R)-3-hydroxy-12'-apo-β-caroten-12'-al
  参考文献：
  名称：

  合成胡萝卜素，天然胡萝卜素和天然维生素。九。合成冯（3 - [R）-Hydroxyechinenon，（3 - [R，3' - [R） - UND（3 - [R，3'小号）-Adonixanthin，（3 - [R）-Adonirubin，得润optischen Antipoden UND verwandten Verbindungen †

  摘要：

  光学活性天然类胡萝卜素和结构相关化合物的合成。九。（3的合成[R）-Hydroxyechinenone，（3 - [R，3' - [R ）-和（3 - [R，3'小号）-Adonixanthin，（3 - [R）-Adonirubin，其旋光对映和相关化合物

  DOI：

  10.1002/hlca.19810640754

文献信息

• Process for Synthesis of (3R,3'R,6'R)-Lutein and its Stereoisomers
  申请人：Khachik Frederick

  公开号：US20090264681A1

  公开（公告）日：2009-10-22

  (3R,3′R,6′R)-Lutein and (3R,3′R)-zeaxanthin are two dietary carotenoids that are present in most fruits and vegetables commonly consumed in the US. These carotenoids accumulate in the human plasma, major organs, and ocular tissues. In the past decade, numerous epidemiological and experimental studies have shown that lutein and zeaxanthin play an important role in the prevention of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) that is the leading cause of blindness in the U.S. and Western World. The invention provides a process for the synthesis of (3R,3′R,6′R)-lutein and its stereoisomers from commercially available (rac)-α-ionone by a C 15 +C 10 +C 15 coupling strategy. In addition, the present invention also provides access to the precursors of optically active carotenoids with 3-hydroxy-ε-end group that are otherwise difficult to synthesize. The process developed for the synthesis of lutein and its stereoisomers is straightforward and has potential for commercialization.

  (3R,3′R,6′R)-叶黄素和(3R,3′R)-玉米黄质是两种膳食类胡萝卜素，广泛存在于美国常见的大多数水果和蔬菜中。这些类胡萝卜素在人类血浆、主要器官和眼部组织中积累。在过去的十年里，许多流行病学和实验研究表明，叶黄素和玉米黄质在预防年龄相关性黄斑变性（AMD）中起着重要作用，这是美国和西方世界导致失明的主要原因。本发明提供了一种从商业可获得的（rac）-α-离子酮通过C15+C10+C15偶联策略合成(3R,3′R,6′R)-叶黄素及其立体异构体的方法。此外，本发明还提供了一种获得具有3-羟基-ε-末端基团的光学活性类胡萝卜素前体的方法，否则这些类胡萝卜素前体很难合成。用于合成叶黄素及其立体异构体的方法是简单明了的，并具有商业化潜力。
• Process for Synthesis of (3S)- and (3R)-3-Hydroxy-Beta-Ionone, and Their Transformation to Zeaxanthin and Beta-Cryptoxanthin
  申请人：Khachik Frederick

  公开号：US20090311761A1

  公开（公告）日：2009-12-17

  (3R)-3-Hydroxy-β-ionone and (3S)-3-hydroxy-β-ionone are two important intermediates in the synthesis of carotenoids with β-end group such as lutein, zeaxanthin, β-cryptoxanthin, and their stereoisomers. Among the various stereoisomers of these carotenoids, only (3R,3′R,6′R)-lutein, (3R,3′R)-zeaxanthin, and (3R)-β-cryptoxanthin are present in commonly consumed fruits and vegetables. There are 3 possible stereoisomers for zeaxanthin, these are: dietary (3R,3′R)-zeaxanthin (1), non-dietary (3S,3′S)-zeaxanthin (2), and non-dietary (3R,3′S;meso)-zeaxanthin (3) which is a presumed metabolite of dietary lutein. Dietary lutein as well as 1 and 3 are accumulated in the human macula and have been implicated in the prevention of age-related macular degeneration. (3R)-β-Cryptoxanthin (4) is also present in selected ocular tissues at a very low concentration whereas its enantiomer (3S)-β-cryptoxanthin (5) is absent in foods and human plasma. The present invention relates to a process for the synthesis of (3R)-3-hydroxy-β-ionone and its (3S)-enantiomer in high optical purity from commercially available (rac)-α-ionone. The key intermediate for the synthesis of these hydroxyionones is 3-keto-α-ionone ketal that was prepared from (rac)-α-ionone after protection of this ketone as a 1,3-dioxolane. Reduction of 3-keto-α-ionone ketal followed by deprotection, lead to 3-hydroxy-α-ionone that was transformed into (rac)-3-hydroxy-β-ionone by base-catalyzed double bond isomerization in 46% overall yield from (rac)-α-ionone. The racemic mixture of these hydroxyionones was then resolved by enzyme-mediated acylation in 96% ee. (3R)-3-Hydroxy-β-ionone and its (3S)-enantiomer were respectively transformed to (3R)-3-hydroxy-(β-ionylideneethyl)triphenylphosphonium chloride [(3R)—C 15 -Wittig salt] and its (3S)-enantiomer [(3S)—C 15 -Wittig salt] according to known procedures. Double Wittig condensation of these Wittig salts with commercially available 2,5-dimethylocta-2,4,6-triene-1,8-dial provided all 3 stereoisomers of zeaxanthin (1-3). Similarly, (3R)—C 15 -Wittig and its (3S)-enantiomer were each coupled with β-apo-12′-carotenal to yield 4 and 5.

  (3R)-3-羟基-β-离子酮和(3S)-3-羟基-β-离子酮是合成带有β末端基团的类胡萝卜素如叶黄素、玉米黄质、β-隐黄素及其立体异构体的两个重要中间体。在这些类胡萝卜素的各种立体异构体中，只有(3R,3′R,6′R)-叶黄素、(3R,3′R)-玉米黄质和(3R)-β-隐黄素存在于常见的水果和蔬菜中。玉米黄质有3种可能的立体异构体，分别是：膳食(3R,3′R)-玉米黄质（1）、非膳食(3S,3′S)-玉米黄质（2）和非膳食(3R,3′S;meso)-玉米黄质（3），后者被认为是膳食叶黄素的代谢产物。膳食叶黄素以及1和3在人类黄斑中积累，并被认为有助于预防年龄相关性黄斑变性。 (3R)-β-隐黄素（4）也以极低浓度存在于选定的眼部组织中，而其对映异构体(3S)-β-隐黄素（5）在食物和人类血浆中不存在。本发明涉及一种从市售的（rac）-α-离子酮合成（3R）-3-羟基-β-离子酮及其（3S）对映体的高光学纯度的过程。合成这些羟基酮的关键中间体是从（rac）-α-离子酮制备的3-酮-α-离子酮缩酮，在保护该酮为1,3-二氧兰后得到。随后对3-酮-α-离子酮缩酮进行还原和去保护，得到3-羟基-α-离子酮，再经碱催化的双键异构化，从（rac）-α-离子酮中总产率为46%地转化为（rac）-3-羟基-β-离子酮。然后通过酶介导的酰化将这些羟基酮的外消旋混合物在96%纯度下分离。 (3R)-3-羟基-β-离子酮及其（3S）对映体分别按照已知程序转化为(3R)-3-羟基-(β-离子乙基)三苯基膦盐[(3R)—C15-Wittig盐]和其（3S）对映体[(3S)—C15-Wittig盐]。这些Wittig盐与市售的2,5-二甲基辛-2,4,6-三烯-1,8-二醛进行双Wittig缩合，提供了叶黄素的3种立体异构体（1-3）。类似地，(3R)—C15-Wittig及其（3S）对映体分别与β-脱氧-12'-类胡萝卜醛偶联，得到4和5。
• Process or synthesis of (3S)- and (3R)-3-hydroxy-beta-ionone, and their transformation to zeaxanthin and beta-cryptoxanthin
  申请人：University of Maryland, College Park

  公开号：US08222458B2

  公开（公告）日：2012-07-17

  Disclosed is a process for the synthesis of (3R)-3-hydroxy-β-ionone and its (3S)-enantiomer in high optical purity from commercially available (rac)-α-ionone. The key intermediate for the synthesis of these hydroxyionones is 3-keto-α-ionone ketal that was prepared from (rac)-α-ionone after protection of this ketone as a 1,3-dioxolane. Reduction of 3-keto-α-ionone ketal followed by deprotection, lead to 3-hydroxy-α-ionone that was transformed into (rac)-3-hydrox-β-ionone by base-catalyzed double bond isomerization in 46% overall yield from (rac)-α-ionone. The racemic mixture of these hydroxyionones was then resolved by enzyme-mediated acylation in 96% ee. (3R)-3-Hydroxy-β-ionone and its (3S)-enantiomer were respectively transformed to (3R)-3-hydroxy-(β-ionylideneethyl)triphenylphosphonium chloride [(3R)-C15-Wittig salt] and its (3S)-enantiomer [(3S)-C15-Wittig salt] according to known procedures. Double Wittig condensation of these Wittig salts with commercial available 2,5- dimethtylocta-2,4,6-triene-1,8-dial provided all 3 stereoisomers of zeaxanthin. Similarly, (3R)-C15-Wittig and its (3S)-enantiomer were each coupled with β-apo-12′-carotenal.

  本文披露了一种从商业可获得的（rac）-α-离子酮合成（3R）-3-羟基-β-离子酮及其（3S）对映体的高光学纯度的过程。合成这些羟基离子酮的关键中间体是从（rac）-α-离子酮制备的3-酮-α-离子酮缩酮，经过将该酮保护为1,3-二氧杂环后得到。还原3-酮-α-离子酮缩酮，然后去保护，得到3-羟基-α-离子酮，通过碱催化的双键异构化，从（rac）-α-离子酮中总产率为46%转化为（rac）-3-羟基-β-离子酮。这些羟基离子酮的混合物随后通过酶介导的酰化在96%的ee下分离。（3R）-3-羟基-β-离子酮及其（3S）对映体分别按照已知程序转化为（3R）-3-羟基-(β-离子基乙基)三苯基膦盐[(3R)-C15-Wittig盐]和其（3S）对映体[(3S)-C15-Wittig盐]。将这些Wittig盐与商业可获得的2,5-二甲基辛二烯-1,8-二醛进行双Wittig缩合，得到所有3种类脂黄素的立体异构体。类似地，（3R）-C15-Wittig及其（3S）对映体分别与β-脱氧-12'-类胡萝卜素醛偶联。
• Synthesis, Isolation, and Full Spectroscopic Characterization of Eleven (Z)-Isomers of (3R,3?R)-Zeaxanthin
  作者：Gerhard Englert、Klaus Noack、Emil A. Broger、Ernst Glinz、Max Vecchi、Reinhard Zell

  DOI：10.1002/hlca.19910740507

  日期：1991.8.7

  Developmental efforts to improve the yield of the chemical synthesis of (3R,3′R)-zeaxanthin resulted in the isolation, partly by chromatography from reaction mixtures, and full spectroscopic characterization by 1H-NMR, UV/VIS, and CD spectrosocpy of eleven (Z/E)-isomers of zeaxanthin: (7Z)-, (9Z), (13Z)-, (15Z)-, (7Z,7′Z)-, (9Z,9′Z)- (7Z,9Z,7Z)-, (7Z,11Z,7′Z)-, (9Z,13Z,9′Z)-, (7Z,9Z,7′Z,9′Z)-, and

  发展努力来改善（3的化学合成的产率[R，3' - [R）-zeaxanthin导致隔离，部分地被从反应混合物中层析，并通过全光谱表征1 H-NMR，UV / VIS，和CD spectrosocpy玉米黄质的11种（Z / E）异构体的组成：（7 Z）-，（9 Z），（13 Z）-，（15 Z）-，（7 Z，7'Z）-，（9 Z，9 ′ Z）-（7 Z，9 Z，7 Z）-，（7 Z，11 Z，7′Z）-，（9 Z，13 Z，9'Z）-，（7 Z，9 Z，7'Z，9'Z）-和（7 Z，9 Z，11 Z，7'Z，9' Z）-玉米黄质。这些异构体中的五个是通过特定合成获得的，即（7 Z）-，（7 Z，7'Z）-，（9 Z，9'Z）-，（7 Z，9 Z，7'Z）-和（7 ž，9 ž，7' ž -9 ž） -异构体。
• Citrus-Carotinoide. 2. Mitteilung. Synthese von (3R)-?-Citraurin, (3R)-?-Citraurol und (3R)-?-Citraurinin; Aufkl�rung der Konfiguration von Citrus-Carotinoiden
  作者：Hanspeter Pfander、Andreas Lachenmeier、Martin Hadorn

  DOI：10.1002/hlca.19800630604

  日期：1980.9.17

  Citrus-Carotenoids. Synthesis of (3R)-β-Citraurin, (3R)-β-Citraurol and (3R)-β-Citraurinene; Determination of the Configuration of Citrus-Carotenoids

  柑橘类胡萝卜素。（3R）-β-Citraurin，（3R）-β-Citraurol和（3R）-β-Citraurinene的合成；柑橘类胡萝卜素构型的确定