De Novo Design, Synthesis, and X-ray Crystal Structures of Pyrrolinone-Based .beta.-Strand Peptidomimetics
作者:Amos B. Smith、Mark C. Guzman、Paul A. Sprengeler、Terence P. Keenan、Ryan C. Holcomb、John L. Wood、Patrick J. Carroll、Ralph Hirschmann
DOI:10.1021/ja00101a017
日期:1994.11
The de novo design and synthesis of a novel non-peptide scaffolding for beta-strand/sheet mimics are described. The scaffold consists of repeating 3,5,5-trisubstituted pyrrolinone (enaminone) units punctuated with appropriate amino acid side chains. The iterative construction of the pyrrolinones exploits a highly efficient cyclization of metalloimines, the latter derived from C-terminal aldehydes and readily available alpha-substituted alpha-amino ester building blocks. As predicted by interactive computer modeling and confirmed by X-ray crystallography, the polypyrrolinones present the side chains and carbonyl hydrogen-bond accepters in a solid-state conformation which mimics polypeptide beta-sheets. Importantly, the enaminone NH protons form hydrogen bonds both intramolecularly, stabilizing the beta-strand conformation, and intermolecularly, promoting sheet formation. The presence or absence of the nitrogen protecting group controlled antiparallel versus parallel sheet formation.