NB 06: From a simple lysosomotropic aSMase inhibitor to tools for elucidating the role of lysosomes in signaling apoptosis and LPS-induced inflammation
摘要:
Ceramide generation is involved in signal transduction of cellular stress response, in particular during stress-induced apoptosis in response to stimuli such as minimally modified Low-density lipoproteins, TNFalpha and exogenous C-6-ceramide. In this paper we describe 48 diverse synthetic products and evaluate their lysosomotropic and acid sphingomyelinase inhibiting activities in macrophages. A stimuli induced increase of C-16-ceramide in macrophages can be almost completely suppressed by representative compound NB 06 providing an effective protection of macrophages against apoptosis. Compounds like NB 06 thus offer highly interesting fields of application besides prevention of apoptosis of macrophages in atherosclerotic plaques in vessel walls. Most importantly, they can be used for blocking pH dependent lysosomal processes and enzymes in general as well as for analyzing lysosomal dependent cellular signaling. Modulation of gene expression of several prominent inflammatory messengers IL1B, IL6, IL23A, CCL4 and CCL20 further indicate potentially beneficial effects in the field of (systemic) infections involving bacterial endotoxins like LPS or infections with influenza A virus. (C) 2017 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
The effect of aromatic ring size in electron deficient semiconducting polymers for n-type organic thermoelectrics
作者:Maryam Alsufyani、Rawad K. Hallani、Suhao Wang、Mingfei Xiao、Xudong Ji、Bryan D. Paulsen、Kai Xu、Helen Bristow、Hu Chen、Xingxing Chen、Henning Sirringhaus、Jonathan Rivnay、Simone Fabiano、Iain McCulloch
DOI:10.1039/d0tc03347b
日期:——
enhance the thermoelectric performance of n-type materials include optimizing the electron affinity (EA) with respect to the dopant to improve the doping process and increasing the charge carrier mobility through enhanced molecular packing. Here, we report the design, synthesis and characterization of fused electron-deficient n-type copolymers incorporating the electron withdrawing lactone unit along the
N型半导体聚合物近来已用于热电器件中,但是与性能高得多的p型半导体相反,它们通常表现出低电导率和差的器件稳定性。这尤其是由于n型半导体的低掺杂效率和较差的电荷载流子迁移率。增强n型材料热电性能的策略包括针对掺杂剂优化电子亲和力(EA),以改善掺杂过程并通过增强分子堆积来提高电荷载流子迁移率。在这里,我们报告了融合,缺乏电子的n型共聚物的设计,合成和表征结合沿骨架的吸电子内酯单元。使用无金属的醛醇缩合条件合成了聚合物,以探索将中心苯环扩大为萘环对电导率的影响。当n掺杂N-DMBI时,电导率高达0.28 S cm从具有-4.68eV的最大电子亲和力的聚合物中观察到-1的塞贝克系数为-75μVK -1和最大功率因数为0.16μWm -1 K -2。延伸芳环降低了电子亲和力,这是因为降低了吸电子基团的密度,随后电导率降低了近两个数量级。
Lactone Backbone Density in Rigid Electron‐Deficient Semiconducting Polymers Enabling High n‐type Organic Thermoelectric Performance
作者:Maryam Alsufyani、Marc‐Antoine Stoeckel、Xingxing Chen、Karl Thorley、Rawad K. Hallani、Yuttapoom Puttisong、Xudong Ji、Dilara Meli、Bryan D. Paulsen、Joseph Strzalka、Khrystyna Regeta、Craig Combe、Hu Chen、Junfu Tian、Jonathan Rivnay、Simone Fabiano、Iain McCulloch
DOI:10.1002/anie.202113078
日期:2022.2.7
Three new n-type semiconductingpolymers, P-0, P-50, and P-75 are developed, in which the lactone group densities were maximized by increasing the benzene content from 0 % benzene (P-0), to 50 % (P-50), and 75 % (P-75), to enable co-planar polymers with deep-lying LUMO energy level. As a result, the polymer of P-75 exhibits a good thermoelectric performance with a maximum electrical conductivity of
开发了三种新型 n 型半导体聚合物 P-0、P-50 和 P-75,其中通过将苯含量从 0% 苯 (P-0) 增加到 50% 来最大化内酯基团的密度( P-50) 和 75 % (P-75),以实现具有深层 LUMO 能级的共面聚合物。结果,P-75聚合物表现出良好的热电性能,最大电导率为12 S cm -1,品质因数功率因数为13.2 μWm -1 K -2。
2,5-Dihydroxy-p-benzenediacetic Acid and Related Compounds from p-Benzoquinone<sup>1</sup>
作者:J. H. Wood、C. S. Colburn、Lucile Cox、H. C. Garland
DOI:10.1021/ja01237a038
日期:1944.9
Craven, Journal of the Chemical Society, 1931, p. 1605