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三尖杉碱 | 24316-19-6

中文名称
三尖杉碱
中文别名
粗榧碱
英文名称
(±)-cephalotaxine
英文别名
(+/-)-cephalotaxine;dl-cephalotaxine;2-methoxy-(3arC4,14bc)-1,5,6,8,9,14b-hexahydro-4H-cyclopenta[b][1,3]dioxolo[4',5':4,5]benzo[1,2-d]pyrrolo[1,2-a]azepin-1t-ol;(+/-)-Cephalotaxin;Cephalotaxin;Omacetaxine;(2S,3S,6R)-4-methoxy-16,18-dioxa-10-azapentacyclo[11.7.0.02,6.06,10.015,19]icosa-1(20),4,13,15(19)-tetraen-3-ol
三尖杉碱化学式
CAS
24316-19-6
化学式
C18H21NO4
mdl
MFCD21090383
分子量
315.369
InChiKey
YMNCVRSYJBNGLD-KURKYZTESA-N
BEILSTEIN
——
EINECS
——
  • 物化性质
  • 计算性质
  • ADMET
  • 安全信息
  • SDS
  • 制备方法与用途
  • 上下游信息
  • 反应信息
  • 文献信息
  • 表征谱图
  • 同类化合物
  • 相关功能分类
  • 相关结构分类

物化性质

  • 熔点:
    131-132 °C(Solv: benzene (71-43-2))
  • 沸点:
    495.2±45.0 °C(Predicted)
  • 密度:
    1.38±0.1 g/cm3(Predicted)
  • 溶解度:
    DMF:10mg/mL;二甲基亚砜:12mg/mL;乙醇:5mg/mL

计算性质

  • 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP):
    0.2
  • 重原子数:
    23
  • 可旋转键数:
    1
  • 环数:
    5.0
  • sp3杂化的碳原子比例:
    0.555
  • 拓扑面积:
    51.2
  • 氢给体数:
    1
  • 氢受体数:
    5

ADMET

毒理性
  • 肝毒性
在对照试验中,使用奥马塞汀治疗的患者的血清转酶升高发生在2%至6%之间,但大多数升高是轻微且短暂的,只有少数患者需要因肝功能测试异常而调整剂量或停药。在奥马塞汀的上市前试验中没有报告临床明显的肝损伤和黄疸,产品标签中也没有提到。自从奥马塞汀获得批准并更广泛使用以来,没有发表或描述与使用相关的伴有黄疸的肝毒性的文献。因此,如果有的话,因奥马塞汀引起的临床明显肝损伤一定很罕见。
In controlled trials, serum aminotransferase elevations occurred in 2% to 6% patients treated with omacetaxine, but most elevations were mild and transient with only rare patients requiring dose modification or discontinuation for liver test abnormalities. Clinically apparent liver injury with jaundice was not reported in the preregistration trials of omacetaxine and is not mentioned in the product label. Since the approval and more wide scale use of omacetaxine, there have been no publications or descriptions of the hepatotoxicity with jaundice associated with its use. Thus, clinically apparent liver injury due to omacetaxine must be rare, if it occurs at all.
来源:LiverTox

安全信息

  • 危险等级:
    6.1(b)
  • 危险品标志:
    Xn
  • 安全说明:
    S36
  • 危险类别码:
    R20/21/22
  • WGK Germany:
    3
  • 危险品运输编号:
    UN 1544 6
  • 包装等级:
    III
  • 危险类别:
    6.1(b)
  • 储存条件:
    2-8℃

SDS

SDS:c41f9369bf0004f630c6fc09d19cfe05
查看

制备方法与用途

植物提取物

三尖杉碱天然存在于粗榧科三尖杉属植物的茎中,属于生物碱的一种,具有抗癌作用,特别是对慢性血癌疗效显著。三尖杉Cephalotaxus fortunei Hook.f.为我国特产,分布于长江以南及湖北、四川、陕西、甘肃等地。三尖杉果实民间用作消积、驱虫药。

三尖杉酯碱类化合物

目前被大家熟知的三尖杉酯碱类化合物有四种:三尖杉酯碱(Harringtonine)、异三尖杉酯碱(Isoharringtonine)、高三尖杉酯碱(Homoharringtonine)和脱氧三尖杉酯碱(Deoxy harringtonine)。近年还从安徽产三尖杉中分出两种新的抗癌生物碱,分别命名为新三尖杉酯碱(Neoharringtonine)和脱三尖杉酯碱(Anhydroharringtonine)。

  1. 三尖杉酯碱:异名哈林通碱粗榧碱。分子式C28H37NO9,分子量531.58。无色柱状结晶(乙醚),熔点73℃~75℃,[α]D-104.6°(C=1.0,氯仿)。

  2. 高三尖杉酯碱:异名高粗榧碱、高哈林通碱。分子式C29H39NO9,分子量545.61。无色棱柱状结晶,熔点144℃~146℃,[α]D-119°(C=0.96,氯仿)。

  3. 异三尖杉酯碱:异名异粗榧碱、异哈林通碱。分子式 ,分子量531.58。白色无定形固体,[α]D-93°(C=0.41,氯仿)。

  4. 脱氧三尖杉酯碱:异名去氧哈林通碱,分子式C28H37NO8,分子量515.58。无定形固体,[α]D26-151°(C=0.03,乙醇)。

理化性质

三尖杉碱能使四氯化碳溶液退色,并遇浓硫酸出现红色到深紫色的颜色变化,用稀释后颜色变绿。

提取分离
  1. 中国粗榧(Cephalotaxus sinensis)中三尖杉总碱的提取与分离

  2. 应用高速逆流层析(HSCCC)仪分离三尖杉总碱的主要成分
    采用89-A型高速逆流层析仪,以氯仿/0.07mol/L磷酸钠-0.04mol/L柠檬酸缓冲液 (pH5.0) 溶剂系统,上相为固定相,下相为流动相。分离条件为主机正向转动750r/min,流动相从柱内端泵入。将三尖杉总碱10mg溶于流动相1mL进样,UV284nm检测。三尖杉中三个主成分的移动速度依次为:异三尖杉酯碱 > 高三尖杉酯碱 > 三尖杉酯碱。此方法分离效果好,可使以上三种成分完全分离,这是吸附层析难以达到的效果;此外,所用溶剂系统简单,又节约时间,因此优于经典逆流分配法。

生物活性

Cephalotaxlen ((-)-Cephalotaxine) 是一种生物碱,能从头孢紫杉中分离得到,具有抗白血病和抗病毒活性。Cephalotaxlen 具有抗 Zika 病毒的活性。

靶点
  • ZIKV
体外研究
  • Cephalotaxine 抑制 Zika 感染,通过阻碍病毒复制和稳定进行。
用途

用于含量测定、鉴定及药理实验等。

上下游信息

  • 上游原料
    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 分子量
    • 1
    • 2
    • 3
  • 下游产品
    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 分子量
    • 1
    • 2
    • 3
    • 4

反应信息

点击查看最新优质反应信息

文献信息

  • Total Synthesis of (−)‐Cephalotaxine and (−)‐Homoharringtonine via Furan Oxidation–Transannular Mannich Cyclization
    作者:Xuan Ju、Christopher M. Beaudry
    DOI:10.1002/anie.201902174
    日期:2019.5.13
    synthesized. Oxidative ring‐opening of a furan unveils an amine‐tethered dicarbonyl, which undergoes spontaneous transannular Mannich cyclization. The cascade builds the full cephalotaxine substructure in a single operation in 60 % yield. A Noyori reduction enabled synthesis of the title compounds with excellent enantioselectivity (krel=278).
    合成了人harringtonine及其同类物头孢他辛。呋喃的氧化性开环揭示了一种胺系的二羰基化合物,该胺基化合物会自发地经过环面Mannich环化。级联通过一次操作以60%的产率构建完整的头孢他辛亚结构。通过Noyori还原,能够以优异的对映选择性(k rel= 278)合成标题化合物。
  • [EN] ANALOGUES AND DERIVATIVES OF CEPHALOTAXINE AND METHODS FOR MAKING AND USING THE COMPOUNDS<br/>[FR] ANALOGUES ET DÉRIVÉS DE CÉPHALOTAXINE ET PROCÉDÉS DE FABRICATION ET D'UTILISATION DES COMPOSÉS
    申请人:UNIV OREGON STATE
    公开号:WO2020185695A1
    公开(公告)日:2020-09-17
    Disclosed herein are embodiments of a compound having a Formula I, or a salt, solvate, N-oxide, prodrug, diastereomer or enantiomer thereof. Also disclosed are derivative compounds made from the compound of Formula I. Certain derivative compounds have a Formula V-2, or a salt, solvate, N-oxide, prodrug, diastereomer or enantiomer thereoAlso disclosed are method for making and using the disclosed compounds. Certain disclosed embodiments are useful for treating and/or preventing certain diseases and/or disorders, including proliferation diseases, such as leukemia.
    本文披露了具有化学式I的化合物的实施例,或其盐、溶剂合物、N-氧化物、前药、二对映异构体或对映体。还披露了由化合物I制备的衍生化合物。某些衍生化合物具有化学式V-2,或其盐、溶剂合物、N-氧化物、前药、二对映异构体或对映体。还披露了制备和使用所披露化合物的方法。某些披露的实施例可用于治疗和/或预防某些疾病和/或紊乱,包括增殖性疾病,如白血病。
  • Synthetic Studies on Cephalotaxus Alkaloids. A synthesis of (.+-.)-Cephalotaxine.
    作者:Masazumi IKEDA、Masahiko OKANO、Keigo KOSAKA、Masaru KIDO、Hiroyuki ISHIBASHI
    DOI:10.1248/cpb.41.276
    日期:——
    A stereoselective total synthesis of (±)-cephalotaxine (1) has been achieved. Palladium-catalyzed [3+2] cycloaddition of 2-(trimethylsilylmethyl)-2-propenyl acetate to the nitrostyrene 7 gave the methylenecyclopentane 6, which was converted into the α-sulfinylacetamide 19. Treatment of 19 either with trifluoroacetic anhydride in dichloromethane at room temperature or with p-toluenesulfonic acid in boiling 1, 2-dichloroethane gave the benzazepinone 20 in good yield, and this was transformed to (±)-1 via Hanaoka's key intermediate 4.
    已实现(±)-cephalotaxine (1)的立体选择性全合成。利用催化的[3+2]环加成反应,将2-(三甲基硅烷基甲基)-2-丙烯乙酸酯与硝基乙烯7反应,得到亚甲基环戊烷6,其随后转化为α-亚砜乙酰胺19。在室温下,将19与二氯甲烷中的三氟乙酸酐或与沸腾的1,2-二氯乙烷中的对甲苯磺酸反应,均能以良好产率获得苯并氮杂卓酮20,并通过Hanaoka的关键中间体4将其转化为(±)-1。
  • Synthesis of cephalotaxine esters and correlation of their structures with antitumor activity
    作者:Kenneth L. Mikolajczak、Cecil R. Smith、David Weisleder
    DOI:10.1021/jm00213a002
    日期:1977.3
    synthetic acids possessing widely divergent structural features have been synthesized. Murinichloroethyl carbonate (27) esters of cephalotaxine are the most active of this group; this activity is less than that of harringtonine and other naturally occurring cephalotaxine esters. Other synthetic esters exhibiting activity are methyl cephalotaxylfumarate (4) and the trichloroethyl carbonate of cephalotaxyl-L-mandelate
    合成了二十二种新的天然(-)-头孢他辛与具有广泛不同结构特征的合成酸的酯。头孢他辛的Murinichloroethylcarbonate(27)酯是这一组中最活跃的。该活性小于harringtonine和其他天然存在的头孢他辛酯的活性。表现出活性的其他合成酯是头孢噻唑富马酸酯甲酯(4)和头孢噻唑基-L-扁桃酸酯的碳酸乙基酯(21)。该实验肿瘤系统的特异性显然需要(-)-头孢他辛酯来抑制肿瘤,因为从头孢他辛的合成(+)对映异构体制备的头孢他酸甲酯(7b)没有活性。
  • [EN] COMPOUNDS, CONJUGATES, AND COMPOSITIONS OF EPIPOLYTHIODIKETOPIPERAZINES AND POLYTHIODIKETOPIPERAZINES AND USES THEREOF<br/>[FR] COMPOSÉS, CONJUGUÉS ET COMPOSITIONS D'ÉPIPOLYTHIODICÉTOPIPÉRAZINES ET DE POLYTHIODICÉTOPIPÉRAZINES ET LEURS UTILISATIONS
    申请人:MASSACHUSETTS INST TECHNOLOGY
    公开号:WO2020247054A1
    公开(公告)日:2020-12-10
    The present disclosure provides, e.g., compounds, compositions, kits, methods of synthesis, and methods of use, involving epipolythiodiketopiperazines and polythiodiketopiperazines.
    本公开提供了涉及epipolythiodiketopiperazines和polythiodiketopiperazines的化合物、组合物、试剂盒、合成方法和使用方法。
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同类化合物

高三尖杉酯碱酰胺 高三尖杉酯碱 氧桥三尖杉碱 异三尖杉酯碱 双(去甲基)-脱氧三尖杉酯碱 去甲基三尖杉酮碱 去氧哈林通碱 乙酰三尖杉碱 三尖杉酯碱 三尖杉酯碱 三尖杉碱 4-羟基三尖杉碱 4'-去甲基高三尖杉酯碱 (1S,3aR)-1,5,6,8,9,14bbeta-六氢-2-甲氧基-4H-环戊并[a][1,3]二氧杂环戊并[4,5-H]吡咯并[2,1-b][3]苯并氮杂卓-1alpha,9alpha-二醇 (-)-脱水三尖杉酯碱 (2S,3R,4S,5S,7R)-2,3-dihydroxy-7-methyl-cephalotaxan-8-one (2R,3S,4S,5S)-2,3-dihydroxy-8-oxocephalotaxane (+/-)-D-homocephalotaxine Desmethyldiacetyl-cephalotaxin (3aα,4S*,10β,15bβ,15cα)-(+/-)-10-acetoxy-3a,4,6,7,9,10,15b,15c-octahydro-2,2-dimethyl-5H-<1,3>dioxolo<4,5-h>-1,3-dioxolo<4,5>cyclopenta<1,2-a>pyrrolo<2,1-b><3>benzazepine Cephalotaxyl 6,6-dimethyl-5,6-dihydropyran-1-carboxylate 3t-phenyl-acrylic acid (3aR)-2-methoxy-(3arC4,14bc)-1,5,6,8,9,14b-hexahydro-4H-cyclopenta[b][1,3]dioxolo[4',5':4,5]benzo[1,2-d]pyrrolo[1,2-a]azepin-1t-yl ester 6-O-(4-methylimidazole-3-carbonyl)2,6-diacetylhomoharringtonine 6-O-(2-chloropyridin-3-carbonyl)2,6-diacetylhomoharringtonine (Ξ)-methylsuccinic acid 1-((3aR)-2-methoxy-(3arC4,14bc)-1,5,6,8,9,14b-hexahydro-4H-cyclopenta[b][1,3]dioxolo[4',5':4,5]benzo[1,2-d]pyrrolo[1,2-a]azepin-1t-yl) ester 4-methyl ester 6-O-(phenylacetyl)2,6-diacetylhomoharringtonine 6-O-(furan-2-carbonyl)2,6-diacetylhomoharringtonine succinic acid (3aR)-2-methoxy-(3arC4,14bc)-1,5,6,8,9,14b-hexahydro-4H-cyclopenta[b][1,3]dioxolo[4',5':4,5]benzo[1,2-d]pyrrolo[1,2-a]azepin-1t-yl ester methyl ester O-3-[(2R)-2,6-dihydroxy-2-(2'-cyclohexaneamino-2'-oxoethyl)-6-methylheptanoyl]cephalotaxine (2R,7R)-17,19-dioxa-11-azapentacyclo[12.7.0.02,7.07,11.016,20]henicosa-1(21),4,12,14,16(20)-pentaen-10-one Acetic acid 6-((1aR,2aS,5aR,6S,6aS)-5-methyl-4-oxo-octahydro-1-oxa-5-aza-cyclopropa[f]inden-6-yl)-benzo[1,3]dioxol-5-ylmethyl ester (Ξ)-(3-methyl-butyl)-succinic acid 1-((3aR)-2-methoxy-(3arC4,14bc)-1,5,6,8,9,14b-hexahydro-4H-cyclopenta[b][1,3]dioxolo[4',5':4,5]benzo[1,2-d]pyrrolo[1,2-a]azepin-1t-yl) ester 4-methyl ester 1-O-[(2S,3S,6R)-4-methoxy-16,18-dioxa-10-azapentacyclo[11.7.0.02,6.06,10.015,19]icosa-1(20),4,13,15(19)-tetraen-3-yl] 4-O-methyl (2R)-2-[4-methyl-4-(4-methyl-1,3-thiazole-5-carbonyl)oxypentyl]-2-(4-methyl-1,3-thiazole-5-carbonyl)oxybutanedioate 3,8-dioxocephalotax-1-ene furan-3,4-dicarboxylic acid (3aR)-2-methoxy-(3arC4,14bc)-1,5,6,8,9,14b-hexahydro-4H-cyclopenta[b][1,3]dioxolo[4',5':4,5]benzo[1,2-d]pyrrolo[1,2-a]azepin-1t-yl ester methyl ester 2α,3α-dihydroxycephalotaxan-8-one 2,3-dehydrocephalotaxan-8-one 1-O-[(2S,3S,6R)-4-methoxy-16,18-dioxa-10-azapentacyclo[11.7.0.02,6.06,10.015,19]icosa-1(20),4,13,15(19)-tetraen-3-yl] 4-O-methyl (2R)-2-[4-(cyclohexanecarbonyloxy)-4-methylpentyl]-2-hydroxybutanedioate 2α,3α-epoxycephalotaxan-8-one [(2S,3R,4S,6S)-3-acetyloxy-9-oxo-16,18-dioxa-10-azapentacyclo[11.7.0.02,6.06,10.015,19]icosa-1(20),13,15(19)-trien-4-yl] acetate (3-methyl-butyl)-butenedioic acid 1-((3aR)-2-methoxy-(3arC4,14bc)-1,5,6,8,9,14b-hexahydro-4H-cyclopenta[b][1,3]dioxolo[4',5':4,5]benzo[1,2-d]pyrrolo[1,2-a]azepin-1t-yl) ester 4-methyl ester benzyl ((2S,3S,3aR)-2,3-dihydroxy-2,3,5,6,8,9-hexahydro-4H-[1,3]dioxolo[4',5':4,5]benzo[1,2-d]cyclopenta[b]pyrrolo[1,2-a]azepin-1-yl) carbonate 3t-(4-nitro-phenyl)-acrylic acid (3aR)-2-methoxy-(3arC4,14bc)-1,5,6,8,9,14b-hexahydro-4H-cyclopenta[b][1,3]dioxolo[4',5':4,5]benzo[1,2-d]pyrrolo[1,2-a]azepin-1t-yl ester (2R,3S,4S,5S)-2-(tert-butyldimethylsililoxy)-3-hydroxy-8-oxocephalotaxane