AbstractIn this research, the conversion of thebaine into oxycodone was achieved using oxidizing reagents, with a yield of 80%. Subsequently, oxycodone was converted into oxymorphone in the presence of an acidic environment, resulting in a yield of 55%. The synthesized oxymorphone was then de‐methylated using ethyl chloroformate to obtain the intermediate noroxymorphone. The latter was further transformed into nalbuphone using cyclobutyl methyl bromide reagent, with a yield of 82%. Finally, nalbuphone was converted into nalbuphine using a reducing reagent, with a yield of 75%. The identification of all intermediates was ensured through the use of NMR, FT‐IR, Mass, and HPLC spectroscopy. The chemical transformations were primarily associated with the formation of noroxymorphone, which served as a crucial intermediate in the synthesis of nalbuphin. Additionally, the effects of three drugs, namely azaperone, medetomidine, and nalbuphine, were investigated on BALB/c mice. The results showed that the best formulation for short‐term anesthesia of mice was a combination of the three drugs, each at a concentration of 1 mg/kg of body weight.
摘要 在这项研究中,使用
氧化试剂实现了卡巴因向
羟考酮的转化,收率为 80%。随后,在酸性环境下将
羟考酮转化为羟
吗啡酮,收率为 55%。合成的羟甲
吗啡酮再用
氯甲酸乙酯进行去
甲基化,得到
中间体去甲羟甲
吗啡酮。后者使用
环丁基甲基溴试剂进一步转化为纳布
酮,收率为 82%。最后,使用还原试剂将纳布
酮转化为
纳布啡,收率为 75%。通过使用核磁共振、傅立叶变换红外光谱、质谱和高效
液相色谱法,确保了所有
中间体的鉴定。
化学转化主要与去甲羟
吗啡酮的形成有关,而去甲羟
吗啡酮是合成
纳布啡的关键
中间体。此外,还研究了
阿扎哌隆、美多咪定和
纳布啡三种药物对
BALB/c 小鼠的影响。结果表明,对小鼠进行短期麻醉的最佳配方是三种药物的组合,每种药物的浓度为 1 毫克/千克体重。