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3-氯丙烯 | 107-05-1

中文名称
3-氯丙烯
中文别名
氯丙烯;丙烯氯;烯丙基氯;3-氯-1-丙烯;3-氯-1-丙烯,烯丙基氯
英文名称
3-chloroprop-1-ene
英文别名
Allylchloride;3-chloropropene;chloropropene;chloropropylene;allylic chloride;Allyl chloride
3-氯丙烯化学式
CAS
107-05-1
化学式
C3H5Cl
mdl
MFCD00000984
分子量
76.5257
InChiKey
OSDWBNJEKMUWAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
BEILSTEIN
——
EINECS
——
  • 物化性质
  • 计算性质
  • ADMET
  • 安全信息
  • SDS
  • 制备方法与用途
  • 上下游信息
  • 反应信息
  • 文献信息
  • 表征谱图
  • 同类化合物
  • 相关功能分类
  • 相关结构分类

物化性质

  • 熔点:
    -136 °C
  • 沸点:
    44-46 °C(lit.)
  • 密度:
    0.939 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
  • 蒸气密度:
    2.6 (vs air)
  • 闪点:
    −20 °F
  • 溶解度:
    酒精:混溶(lit.)
  • 介电常数:
    8.2(20℃)
  • 暴露限值:
    NIOSH REL: TWA 1 ppm (3 mg/m3), STEL 2 ppm (6 mg/m3), IDLH 250 ppm; OSHA PEL: TWA 1 ppm; ACGIH TLV: STEL 2 ppm.
  • LogP:
    2.1 at 25℃
  • 物理描述:
    Allyl chloride appears as a clear colorless liquid with an unpleasant pungent odor. Flash point -20°F. Boiling point 113°F. Less dense than water (7.8 lb / gal) and insoluble in water. Hence floats on water. Vapor irritates skin, eyes and mucous membranes. Vapors are heavier than air. Long exposure to low concentrations or short exposure to high concentrations may have adverse health effects from inhalation or skin absorption.
  • 颜色/状态:
    RED LIQUID
  • 气味:
    Pungent, unpleasant odor.
  • 蒸汽密度:
    2.64 (NTP, 1992) (Relative to Air)
  • 蒸汽压力:
    368 mm Hg at 25 °C
  • 大气OH速率常数:
    1.70e-11 cm3/molecule*sec
  • 自燃温度:
    Ignition temp, 737 °F (392 °C)
  • 腐蚀性:
    Allyl chloride will attack some forms of plastics, rubber, and coatings.
  • 汽化热:
    29.04 KJ/mol
  • 表面张力:
    0.0289 N/m at 15 °C
  • 电离电位:
    10.05 eV
  • 聚合:
    At elevated temp as in fire conditions, polymerization may take place with possible container rupture. Acid catalysts, such as lewis type and ziegler type catalysts, sulfuric acid, ferric chloride, and aluminum chloride, may cause violent polymerization.
  • 气味阈值:
    Recognition of allyl chloride in air was at 4.70x10-1 ppm.
  • 折光率:
    Index of refraction: 1.4157 at 20 °C/D
  • 相对蒸发率:
    50% of the compound evaporated after 27 min in water at 25 °C at 1 ppm.
  • 保留指数:
    516;526;527.6;518.5;526;524.9
  • 稳定性/保质期:
    1. 兼有烯烃和卤代烃的反应性,与卤代氢加成一般生成1,2-二卤化物。低温用浓硫酸处理再用水稀释得到1-氯-2-丙醇。碱性水解生成烯丙醇。与氢氧化钾乙醇溶液反应生成烯丙基乙基醚。与氨反应生成烯丙胺、二烯丙胺和三烯丙胺。与各种有机酸的钠盐在适当的pH值下反应,生成烯丙基酯。 2. 稳定性 [26]:稳定 3. 禁配物 [27]:强氧化剂、酸类、硝酸、发烟硫酸、氯磺酸、乙烯亚胺、乙烯二胺、碱类、如氢氧化钠 4. 避免接触的条件 [28]:受热,接触空气 5. 聚合危害 [29]:聚合 6. 分解产物 [30]:氯化氢

计算性质

  • 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP):
    1.5
  • 重原子数:
    4
  • 可旋转键数:
    1
  • 环数:
    0.0
  • sp3杂化的碳原子比例:
    0.333
  • 拓扑面积:
    0
  • 氢给体数:
    0
  • 氢受体数:
    0

ADMET

代谢
氯化烯丙基...对雄性大鼠进行皮下给药...被代谢为烯丙基硫酸酯、S-烯丙基半胱氨酸和S-烯丙基半胱氨酸S-氧化物。3-羟基丙基硫酸酯也是氯化烯丙基的代谢物...。
Allyl chloride ... dosed sc to male rats ... /was/ metabolized to allylmercapturic acid, S-allylcysteine, and S-allylcysteine S-oxide. 3-hydroxypropylmercapturic acid was /also/ a metabolite of allyl chloride ... .
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
代谢
给大鼠喂食氯化烯丙基后,在其胆汁中检出了烯丙基谷胱甘肽和S-烯丙基-L-半胱氨酸。
Allyl glutathione and S-allyl-L-Cysteine have been detected in the bile of a rat given allyl chloride.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
代谢
氯化烯被认为会代谢成烯丙醇,烯丙醇随后可以通过两条途径进一步代谢,形成丙烯醛或环氧醇,从而产生多种代谢物。在大鼠尿液中发现的代谢物包括3-羟基丙基硫酸酸、烯丙基硫酸酸及其亚砜。烯丙基谷胱甘肽和S-烯丙基-L-半胱氨酸已在给药大鼠的胆汁中检测到。烯丙基氯的体外代谢会导致微粒体细胞色素P450中的血红素破坏。
Allyl chloride is presumed to be metabolized to allyl alcohol, which could then be further metabolized via two pathways to form either acrolein or glycidol, from which a variety of metabolites could result. Metabolites identified in rat urine are 3-hydroxypropylmercapturic acid and allyl mercapturic acid and its sulfoxide. Allyl glutathione and S-allyl-L-cysteine have been detected in the bile of dosed rats. In-vitro metabolism of allyl chloride results in haem destruction in microsomal cytochrome P450.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
代谢
氯化烯丙基(AC)在大鼠体内的生物转化被研究,以选择暴露的潜在尿生物标志物。在本研究中确定了AC的早期描述的尿代谢物[烯丙基硫醇酸(ALMA)和3-羟基丙基硫醇酸(HPMA)],以及ECH的两个尿代谢物[α-氯醇(α-CH)和3-氯-2-羟基丙基硫醇酸(CHPMA)]。在大鼠腹腔注射AC剂量从66至590微摩尔/公斤后,对照组大鼠以ALMA形式排泄了30 ± 6.5%的AC剂量。HPMA是AC的一个次要尿代谢物(<3%的AC剂量),并且对于这种代谢物,没有发现明确的剂量-排泄关系。还发现了另外两个次要尿代谢物,即CHPMA和α-CH,这表明形成了ECH。CHPMA的排泄从66至330微摩尔/公斤AC呈线性,并占AC剂量的0.21 ± 0.08%。α-CH的排泄在所使用的剂量范围内呈线性,并排泄了0.13 ± 0.02%的AC剂量。此外,我们还研究了三种不同的酶诱导剂对AC尿代谢物轮廓的影响,即吡唑、β-萘黄酮和苯巴比妥。吡唑仅增加了α-CH的尿排泄。β-萘黄酮诱导仅显著增加了ALMA的排泄。苯巴比妥诱导了CHPMA和α-CH的排泄。
...The biotransformation of allyl chloride (AC) in rats to select potential urinary biomarkers of exposure /was investigated/. ...The earlier described urinary metabolites of AC [allyl mercapturic acid (ALMA) and 3-hydroxypropyl mercapturic acid (HPMA)], as well as two urinary metabolites of ECH [alpha-chlorohydrin (alpha-CH) and 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl mercapturic acid (CHPMA)], were determined in this study. After ip administration of AC, in doses ranging from 66 to 590 umol/kg, control rats excreted 30 +/- 6.5% of the AC dose as ALMA. HPMA was a minor urinary metabolite of AC (<3% of the AC dose), and, for this metabolite, no clear dose-excretion relationship was found. Two other minor urinary metabolites were also found as well, namely CHPMA and alpha-CH, suggesting the formation of ECH. CHPMA excretion was linear from 66 to 330 umol/kg AC and amounted to 0.21 +/- 0.08% of the AC dose. alpha-CH excretion was linear in the dose range used and was excreted for 0.13 +/- 0.02% of the AC dose. In addition, we investigated the influence of three different enzyme inducers on the urinary metabolite profile of AC, namely pyrazole, beta-naphthoflavone, and phenobarbital. Pyrazole only increased the urinary excretion of alpha-CH. beta-Naphthoflavone induction only enhanced the ALMA excretion significantly. Phenobarbital inducted both the excretion of CHPMA and alpha-CH.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
  • 致癌性证据
分类:C;可能的人类致癌物。分类依据:基于雌性小鼠前胃肿瘤的低发生率(但在生物学上具有重要意义)以及多种遗传毒性测试的阳性结果。烯丙基氯是一种烷基化剂,与可能的 human carcinogens 结构上相关。人类致癌性数据:无。动物致癌性数据:有限。
CLASSIFICATION: C; possible human carcinogen. BASIS FOR CLASSIFICATION: Classification is based on a low (but biologically important) incidence of forestomach tumors in female mice and positive results in a variety of genetic toxicity tests. Allyl chloride is an alkylating agent and structurally related to probable human carcinogens. HUMAN CARCINOGENICITY DATA: None. ANIMAL CARCINOGENICITY DATA: Limited.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
  • 致癌性证据
评估:对于氯丙烯在人类中的致癌性,证据不足。对于氯丙烯在实验动物中的致癌性,证据也不足。总体评估:氯丙烯的致癌性对人类而言无法分类(第3组)。
Evaluation: There is inadequate evidence in humans for the carcinogenicity of allyl chloride. There is inadequate evidence in experimental animals for the carcinogenicity of allyl chloride. Overall evaluation: Allyl chloride is not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans (Group 3).
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
  • 致癌性证据
A3; 已确认的动物致癌物,对人类的相关性未知。
A3; Confirmed animal carcinogen with unknown relevance to humans.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
  • 致癌物分类
国际癌症研究机构致癌物:氯化烯丙基
IARC Carcinogenic Agent:Allyl chloride
来源:International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)
毒理性
  • 致癌物分类
国际癌症研究机构(IARC)致癌物分类:第3组:无法归类其对人类致癌性
IARC Carcinogenic Classes:Group 3: Not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans
来源:International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)

安全信息

  • 职业暴露等级:
    B
  • 职业暴露限值:
    TWA: 1 ppm (3 mg/m3), STEL: 2 ppm (6 mg/m3)
  • TSCA:
    Yes
  • 危险等级:
    3
  • 立即威胁生命和健康浓度:
    250 ppm
  • 危险品标志:
    F
  • 安全说明:
    S16,S25,S26,S36/37,S45,S46,S53,S61,S7
  • 危险类别码:
    R20/21/22,R40,R36/37/38,R68,R11,R48/20,R50
  • WGK Germany:
    2
  • 海关编码:
    2903291000
  • 危险品运输编号:
    UN 1100 3/PG 1
  • 危险类别:
    3
  • RTECS号:
    UC7350000
  • 包装等级:
    I
  • 储存条件:
    储存于阴凉、通风良好的库房中,远离火种与热源,库温不宜超过29℃。包装需密封,避免与空气接触,并与氧化剂、酸类及碱类分开存放,禁止混储。不宜大量或长时间储存。使用防爆型照明和通风设备,并禁止使用易产生火花的机械设备和工具。储存区应配备泄漏应急处理设备和合适的收容材料。

SDS

SDS:3a584d9f28aca3f181f075f32aeac9db
查看
第一部分:化学品名称

制备方法与用途

氯丙烯简介

氯丙烯,又名烯丙基氯,是一种有机合成原料。它是一种无色易燃液体,具有腐蚀性和刺激性气味,微溶于水,并能与乙醇、氯仿、乙醚和石油醚混溶。

物理性质
  • 外观:无色液态。
  • 溶解度:微溶于水;可溶于乙醇、氯仿、乙醚和石油醚。
  • 特性:易燃,有腐蚀性和刺激性气味。
化学性质
  • 反应活性:作为有机合成的中间体,用于生产多种化学品。
  • 典型反应方程式
    • 高温氯化法:[ \text{CH}_3\text{CH}=\text{CH}_2 + \text{Cl}_2 \rightarrow \text{ClCH}_2\text{CH}=\text{CH}_2 + \text{HCl} ]
    • 丙烯氧氯化法:[ \text{CH}_3\text{CH}=\text{CH}_2 + \text{HCl} + \frac{1}{2}\text{O}_2[\text{催化剂}] \rightarrow \text{CH}_2=\text{CHCH}_2\text{Cl} + \text{H}_2\text{O} ]
    • 烯丙醇氯化法:[ \text{CH}_2=\text{CHCH}_2\text{OH}[\text{Cu}_2\text{Cl}_2, \text{HCl}] \rightarrow \text{CH}_2=\text{CHCH}_2\text{Cl} + \text{H}_2\text{O} ]
安全信息
  • 类别:易燃液体。
  • 毒性分级:中毒。
  • 急性毒性
    • 大鼠口服 LD50: 1100 毫克/公斤;
    • 小鼠口服 LD50: 425 毫克/公斤。
  • 刺激数据
    • 皮肤接触:兔子 10 毫克/24小时;
    • 眼睛接触:兔子 500 毫克,中度刺激。
  • 爆炸危险性:与空气混合可爆。
  • 燃烧危险性:遇明火、高温或氧化剂易燃;燃烧产生有毒氯化物烟雾;热分解时释放有毒氯化氢气体。
  • 储运特性:库房需通风且低温干燥,应与其他氧化剂、酸类和碱类分开存放。
灭火方法
  • 干粉灭火器
  • 干砂
  • 二氧化碳
  • 泡沫灭火器
  • 1211型灭火器
职业暴露标准
  • 时间加权平均容许浓度(TWA):1 PPM。

上下游信息

反应信息

  • 作为反应物:
    描述:
    3-氯丙烯臭氧二甲基硫 作用下, 以 二氯甲烷 为溶剂, 反应 2.0h, 生成 氯乙醛
    参考文献:
    名称:
    Comparative Effects of Conjugated and Deconjugated Isomeric Enones on the Transannular Diels−Alder Reaction
    摘要:
    [GRAPHICS]Two isomeric cyclic trienones 2 and 3 (with four methyl esters at positions 3 and 10) underwent transannular Diels-Alder (TADA) reaction at very different temperatures. This drastic difference could be traced to the capacity of the enone dienophile to be conjugated or unconjugated at the transition state. Molecular modeling could confirm this explanation. The calculated enone proved to be very distorted in transition state ts2, and the TADA reaction temperature was accordingly much higher than the one corresponding to ts3 in which the enone was flat.
    DOI:
    10.1021/ol035791z
  • 作为产物:
    描述:
    三聚丙烯 作用下, 生成 3-氯丙烯
    参考文献:
    名称:
    盐酸为氯化剂以甘油合成1,3-二氯丙醇
    摘要:
    今天,与生物柴油生产相关的问题之一是大量甘油副产品的可用性。在各种可能性中,将甘油转化为二氯丙醇的技术转移了我们的注意力。通过甘油与氯化氢水溶液的氢氯化反应生产1,3-二氯丙醇,成功合成了生产环氧氯丙烷的重要原料二氯丙醇。实验研究是在一定温度范围内进行的;80~120℃,反应物摩尔比;1:16 到 1:32 和各种羧酸催化剂。最佳反应条件为:温度,110℃;反应物摩尔比甘油与HCl,1:24;催化剂,丙二酸;和持续时间,3 小时。
    DOI:
    10.14233/ajchem.2014.15995
  • 作为试剂:
    描述:
    2-氯嘧啶间溴苯甲醚3-氯丙烯三氟乙酸 、 cobalt(II) bromide 、 作用下, 以 乙腈 为溶剂, 反应 7.0h, 以71%的产率得到2-(3-甲氧基苯基)嘧啶
    参考文献:
    名称:
    Cobalt-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Between In Situ Prepared Arylzinc Halides and 2-Chloropyrimidine or 2-Chloropyrazine
    摘要:
    A cobalt-catalyzed cross-coupling of aryl halides with 2-chloropyrimidines or 2-chloropyrazines is reported in satisfactory to high yields. The key step of this procedure is the formation of aromatic organozinc reagents and their coupling with 2-chlorodiazines using the same cobalt halide as catalyst and Zn dust under mild reaction conditions. This new cobalt-catalyzed coupling reaction represents a practical and interesting alternative to previously known methods for the synthesis of 2-aryldiazines.
    DOI:
    10.1021/jo900240d
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文献信息

  • Hypergolic<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-Dimethylhydrazinium Ionic Liquids
    作者:Yanqiang Zhang、Haixiang Gao、Yong Guo、Young-Hyuk Joo、Jean'ne M. Shreeve
    DOI:10.1002/chem.200902725
    日期:2010.3.8
    N,N‐Dimethylhydrazinium dicyanamide and nitrocyanamide ionic liquids (ILs) were prepared by quaterization of N,N‐dimethylhydrazine with alkyl halides followed by metathesis reactions with silver dicyanamide or silver nitrocyanamide. The key physicochemical properties, such as melting point and decomposition temperatures, density, viscosity, heat of formation, detonation pressure and velocity, and specific
    N,N-二甲基肼二氰胺和硝基氰酰胺离子液体(ILs)是通过将N,N-二甲基肼与烷基卤化物季铵化,然后与二氰胺银或硝基氰胺银进行复分解反应制得的。测量/计算了关键的理化性质,例如熔点和分解温度,密度,粘度,形成热,爆轰压力和速度以及比冲。证明了阴离子和烷基取代的阳离子对这些性能的影响。用发烟性硝酸(WFNA)作为氧化剂的液滴测试显示了14种新的N,N‐二甲基肼盐盐具有高极性,点火延迟(ID)时间范围为22到1642 ms,因此表明某些盐可能具有双推进剂的潜力。
  • Use of Diethoxymethane as a Solvent for Phase Transfer-Catalyzed<i>O</i>-Alkylation of Phenols
    作者:M. Todd Coleman、Gabriel LeBlanc
    DOI:10.1021/op900324p
    日期:2010.5.21
    The effectiveness of diethoxymethane (DEM) as a solvent for O-alkylation of a variety of phenols under phase transfer conditions has been examined and evaluated. The reaction between 4-methoxy phenol and benzyl chloride was selected to compare reaction rates in various solvents and the efficiency of various PTCs. This reaction was further studied to develop a commercially amenable process complete
    在相转移条件下,对二乙氧基甲烷(DEM)作为各种酚O-烷基化溶剂的有效性进行了评估。选择4-甲氧基苯酚和苄基氯之间的反应以比较在各种溶剂中的反应速率和各种PTC的效率。对该反应进行了进一步的研究,以开发出一种商业上可接受的方法,该方法具有再循环物流和有效的产物分离作用。对于这些类型的相转移催化反应,DEM是一种很好的溶剂,可以被视为二氯甲烷和甲苯的替代溶剂。
  • A simple and direct method for converting thioamides into thioesters
    作者:David C Harrowven、Matthew C Lucas、Peter D Howes
    DOI:10.1016/s0040-4020(98)01096-5
    日期:1999.1
    Thioamides may be transformed into thioesters through the simple expedient of warming them in an aqueous THF solution containing an alkylating agent. Reactions proceed in high yield and are amenable to multi-gram scale.
    通过在含有烷基化剂的THF水溶液中加热它们的简单简便方法,可将硫酰胺转化为硫酯。反应以高收率进行,并且适合多克规模。
  • TAU-PROTEIN TARGETING PROTACS AND ASSOCIATED METHODS OF USE
    申请人:Arvinas, Inc.
    公开号:US20180125821A1
    公开(公告)日:2018-05-10
    The present disclosure relates to bifunctional compounds, which find utility as modulators of tau protein. In particular, the present disclosure is directed to bifunctional compounds, which contain on one end a VHL or cereblon ligand which binds to the E3 ubiquitin ligase and on the other end a moiety which binds tau protein, such that tau protein is placed in proximity to the ubiquitin ligase to effect degradation (and inhibition) of tau. The present disclosure exhibits a broad range of pharmacological activities associated with degradation/inhibition of tau protein. Diseases or disorders that result from aggregation or accumulation of tau protein are treated or prevented with compounds and compositions of the present disclosure.
    本公开涉及双功能化合物,其作为tau蛋白的调节剂具有实用性。具体而言,本公开涉及含有一端结合到E3泛素连接酶的VHL或cereblon配体,另一端结合到tau蛋白的双功能化合物,使得tau蛋白与泛素连接酶靠近,以实现tau蛋白的降解(和抑制)。本公开展示了与tau蛋白降解/抑制相关的广泛药理活性。本公开的化合物和组合物用于治疗或预防由tau蛋白聚集或积累导致的疾病或紊乱。
  • Ruthenium-Catalyzed Hydroarylation and One-Pot Twofold Unsymmetrical C−H Functionalization of Arenes
    作者:Koushik Ghosh、Raja K. Rit、E. Ramesh、Akhila K. Sahoo
    DOI:10.1002/anie.201600649
    日期:2016.6.27
    excellent yields. A onepot, unsymmetrical, twofold C−H functionalization involving intramolecular C−C and intermolecular C−C/C−N bond formations is successfully demonstrated by using a single set of catalytic reaction conditions, which is unprecedented thus far. A novel isoquinolone‐bearing dihydrobenzofuran is constructed through an unsymmetrical twofold C−H functionalization.
    甲基苯基硫肟亚胺(MPS)用作链烯基苯甲酸衍生物在钌催化的分子内氢芳基化反应中的导向基团,从而以良好或优异的收率提供二氢苯并呋喃和二氢吲哚。通过使用一组催化反应条件成功地证明了涉及分子内C-C和分子间C-C / C-N键形成的单锅,不对称,双重CH功能化,这是迄今为止前所未有的。通过不对称的双重CH官能团构建了一种新型的带有异喹诺酮的二氢苯并呋喃。
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表征谱图

  • 氢谱
    1HNMR
  • 质谱
    MS
  • 碳谱
    13CNMR
  • 红外
    IR
  • 拉曼
    Raman
hnmr
mass
cnmr
ir
raman
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  • 峰位匹配
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Shift(ppm)
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